Chevrolet Cruze injini
Zamkatimu
Mtundu wa Chevrolet Cruze unalowa m'malo mwa Chevrolet Lacetti ndi Chevrolet Cobalt. Zapangidwa kuchokera ku 2008 mpaka 2015.
Iyi ndi galimoto yabwino kwambiri yomwe imakondedwa ndi oyendetsa m'nyumba. Tiyeni tikambirane za luso lake mwatsatanetsatane.
Chidule cha Model
Monga tanena, chitsanzo ichi anayamba kupangidwa mu 2008, "Delta II" anakhala nsanja kwa izo. Opel Astra J idapangidwa papulatifomu yomweyo. Poyambirira, kupanga msika waku Russia kudakhazikitsidwa pafakitale ku Shushary, iyi ndi bizinesi yopangidwa ndi GM. Pambuyo pake, pamene ngolo zinawonjezeredwa pamzerewu, zinapangidwa ku "Avtotor plant", yomwe ili ku Kaliningrad.
M'dziko lathu, chitsanzocho chinagwiritsidwa ntchito mpaka 2015. Pambuyo pake, kukhazikitsidwa kwa m'badwo wachiwiri wa galimoto kunalengezedwa, ndipo yoyamba inatha. Koma, pochita, m'badwo wachiwiri unawona kuwala kokha ku USA ndi China, sikunafike kudziko lathu. Komanso tikambirana m'badwo woyamba Chevrolet Cruze.
Malinga ndi oyendetsa ambiri, galimoto ili ndi mlingo wapamwamba chitonthozo, komanso kudalirika. Pali zosintha zingapo, zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wosankha makina omwe amagwirizana ndi zosowa zanu.
Malonda a injini
Angapo powertrains osiyana anaikidwa pa Chevrolet Cruze. Iwo amasiyana makhalidwe luso, izi amalola kusankha galimoto potengera zofunika dalaivala makamaka. Kuti zikhale zosavuta, tafotokozera mwachidule zizindikiro zonse zazikulu mu tebulo.
| A14NET | F16D3 | F18D4 | Z18XER | M13A | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kusamutsidwa kwa injini, masentimita masentimita | 1364 | 1598 | 1598 | 1796 | 1328 |
| Zolemba malire makokedwe, N * m (kg * m) pa rpm. | 175 (18)/3800 | 142 (14) / 4000 | 154 (16) / 4200 | Zamgululi. 165 (17) / 4600 | Zamgululi. 110 (11) / 4100 |
| 200 (20)/4900 | 150 (15) / 3600 | 155 (16) / 4000 | Zamgululi. 167 (17) / 3800 | Zamgululi. 118 (12) / 3400 | |
| 150 (15) / 4000 | Zamgululi. 170 (17) / 3800 | Zamgululi. 118 (12) / 4000 | |||
| Zamgululi. 118 (12) / 4400 | |||||
| Zolemba malire mphamvu, hp | 140 | 109 | 115 - 124 | 122 - 125 | 85 - 94 |
| Zolemba malire mphamvu, hp (kW) pa rpm | 115 (85)/5600 | 109 (80) / 5800 | 115 (85) / 6000 | Zamgululi. 122 (90) / 5600 | Zamgululi. 85 (63) / 6000 |
| 140 (103) / 4900 | 109 (80) / 6000 | 124 (91) / 6400 | Zamgululi. 122 (90) / 6000 | Zamgululi. 88 (65) / 6000 | |
| 140 (103) / 6000 | Zamgululi. 125 (92) / 3800 | Zamgululi. 91 (67) / 6000 | |||
| 140 (103) / 6300 | Zamgululi. 125 (92) / 5600 | Zamgululi. 93 (68) / 5800 | |||
| Zamgululi. 125 (92) / 6000 | Zamgululi. 94 (69) / 6000 | ||||
| Mafuta ogwiritsidwa ntchito | Gasi / Mafuta | Mafuta AI-92 | Mafuta AI-95 | Mafuta AI-92 | Nthawi zonse (AI-92, AI-95) |
| Mafuta AI-95 | Mafuta AI-95 | Mafuta AI-95 | Mafuta AI-95 | ||
| Mafuta AI-98 | |||||
| Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta, l / 100 km | 5.9 - 8.8 | 6.6 - 9.3 | 6.6 - 7.1 | 7.9 - 10.1 | 5.9 - 7.9 |
| mtundu wa injini | Okhala pakati, 4-yamphamvu | 4-yamphamvu, mu mzere | Okhala pakati, 4-yamphamvu | Okhala pakati, 4-yamphamvu | 4-cylinder, 16-valve, variable phase system (VVT) |
| Kutulutsa kwa CO2 mu g / km | 123 - 257 | 172 - 178 | 153 - 167 | 185 - 211 | 174 - 184 |
| Onjezani. zambiri za injini | jekeseni wamafuta ambiri | jekeseni wamafuta ambiri | jekeseni wamafuta ambiri | jekeseni wamafuta ambiri | DOHC 16 valve |
| Chiwerengero cha mavavu pa silinda iliyonse | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Cylinder awiri, mm | 72.5 | 79 | 80.5 | 80.5 | 78 |
| Pisitoni sitiroko, mm | 82.6 | 81.5 | 88.2 | 88.2 | 69.5 |
| Chiyerekezo cha kuponderezana | 9.5 | 9.2 | 10.5 | 10.5 | 9.5 |
| Yambani-amasiya dongosolo | zosankha | No | Yankho | Yankho | No |
| Zowonjezera | Turbine | No | No | No | No |
| Zatha. km. | 350 | 200-250 | 200-250 | 200-250 | 250 |
Monga mukuonera, mwaukadaulo ma motors onse ndi osiyanasiyana, izi zimapangitsa kusankha njira zabwino kwambiri kwa woyendetsa.
Pakalipano, malinga ndi lamulo, sikoyenera kuyang'ana chiwerengero cha magetsi polembetsa galimoto. Koma, nthawi zina zimafunikirabe, mwachitsanzo, posankha mitundu ina ya magawo. Mitundu yonse ya injini imakhala ndi nambala yodinda pamphepete mwa mutu wa silinda. Mutha kuziwona pamwamba pa fyuluta yamafuta. Chonde dziwani kuti sachedwa dzimbiri. Izi zingayambitse kuwonongeka kwa zolembazo. Kuti mupewe izi, nthawi ndi nthawi yang'anani malowa, yeretsani dzimbiri, ndikupaka mafuta aliwonse.
Zinthu Zogwira Ntchito
Injini zomwe zimayikidwa pagalimoto iyi ndizolimba kwambiri. Iwo mwangwiro kulekerera ntchito mu zovuta Russian zinthu. Popeza ma motors ndi osiyana, kukonza ndi kugwira ntchito ndizosiyana.
Pansipa tiwona ma nuances akuluakulu okonza, komanso zovuta zina za injini. Izi zidzakuthandizani kupewa mavuto ndi galimoto.
Ntchito
Poyamba, ndi bwino kuganizira za kukonza kwa injini yoyaka mkati. Iyi ndi njira yovomerezeka yomwe imatsimikizira kuti injiniyo ikugwira ntchito bwino. Malinga ndi malingaliro a wopanga, mtunda wocheperako pakati pa kukonza koyambira ndi makilomita 15. Koma, pochita, ndi bwino kutero 10 aliwonse, pambuyo pake, zochitika zogwirira ntchito nthawi zambiri zimasiyana ndi zabwino kwambiri.
Pakukonza koyambira, kuyang'ana kowonekera kwa zigawo zonse za injini kumachitika. Kufufuza kwa makompyuta kumafunikanso. Zowonongeka zikapezeka, zimakonzedwa. Onetsetsaninso kusintha injini mafuta ndi fyuluta. Mafuta otsatirawa angagwiritsidwe ntchito m'malo.
| ICE chitsanzo | Voliyumu yowonjezera mafuta l | Chizindikiro cha mafuta |
|---|---|---|
| F18D4 | 4.5 | Zamgululi 5W-30 |
| Zamgululi 5W-40 | ||
| 0W-30 (Magawo omwe ali ndi kutentha kochepa) | ||
| 0W-40 (Magawo otentha otsika) | ||
| Z18XER | 4.5 | Zamgululi 5W-30 |
| Zamgululi 5W-40 | ||
| 0W-30 (Magawo omwe ali ndi kutentha kochepa) | ||
| 0W-40 (Magawo omwe ali ndi kutentha kochepa) | ||
| A14NET | 4 | Zamgululi 5W-30 |
| M13A | 4 | Zamgululi 5W-30 |
| Zamgululi 10W-30 | ||
| Zamgululi 10W-40 | ||
| F16D3 | 3.75 | 5W30 |
| 5W40 | ||
| 10W30 | ||
| 0W40 |
Malinga ndi zomwe amagulitsa, ma synthetics okha ndi omwe amalimbikitsidwa. Koma, mu nyengo yofunda, mafuta a semi-synthetic angagwiritsidwenso ntchito.
Kuonetsetsa kuti kuyatsa kukuyenda bwino, makandulo amasinthidwa makilomita 30 aliwonse. Ngati ali apamwamba kwambiri, ndiye kuti amatumikira nthawi yonseyi popanda mavuto ndi zolephera.
Lamba wanthawi zonse amafunikira chisamaliro chowonjezereka. Ma motors onse kupatula M13A amagwiritsa ntchito lamba. M'malo pa kuthamanga kwa 60 zikwi, koma nthawi zina zingafunike kale. Kuti mupewe vuto, yang'anani mkhalidwe wa lamba nthawi zonse.
M13A imagwiritsa ntchito ma chain chain drive. Akagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera, amakhala odalirika. Monga lamulo, m'malo umafunika pambuyo pa makilomita 150-200 zikwi. Popeza panthawiyo injini inali itatopa kale, m'malo mwa nthawi yoyendetsa galimotoyo inaphatikizidwa ndi kukonzanso kwakukulu kwa magetsi.
Matenda olakwika
injini iliyonse ili ndi zovuta zake ndi zovuta zake. Izi ziyenera kuganiziridwa ndipo mavuto omwe amabwera ayenera kuthetsedwa panthawi yake. Tiyeni tiwone mavuto omwe eni ake a Chevrolet Cruze angakumane nawo.
Choyipa chachikulu cha A14NET ndi turbine yamphamvu yopanda mphamvu, imafunanso mafuta. Ngati mudzaza ndi mafuta otsika kwambiri, chiopsezo cholephera chidzawonjezeka. Komanso, musamayendetse injini iyi mothamanga kwambiri, izi zidzatsogolera ku msanga "imfa" ya turbine ndipo mwina pisitoni. Palinso vuto la injini zonse za Opel zokhala ndi mafuta otayira pansi pa chivundikiro cha valve. Nthawi zambiri pampu imalephera, ndikofunikira kuyisintha.
Pa injini ya Z18XER, wowongolera gawo nthawi zina amalephera, pomwe injiniyo imayamba kunjenjemera ngati injini ya dizilo. Imathetsedwa ndikusintha valavu ya solenoid, yomwe imayikidwa mu gawo lowongolera, mutha kuyesa kuiyeretsa kuti isaipitsidwe. Vuto linanso mfundo pano ndi thermostat, izo sizitengaponso makilomita 80 zikwi, ndipo pochita izo nthawi zambiri amalephera kale kwambiri.
Vuto la injini F18D4 ndi kuvala mofulumira zinthu zazikulu za unit. Choncho, ili ndi moyo waufupi wautumiki. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, zowonongeka zazing'ono sizichitika.
Poganizira mphamvu ya F16D3, munthu amatha kuzindikira kudalirika kwake. Koma, panthawi imodzimodziyo, pangakhale mavuto ndi kulephera kwa compensator hydraulic valve, amalephera nthawi zambiri. Injini imakhalanso ndi dongosolo losiyana la utsi. Chida ichi chimakondanso kulephera nthawi zonse.
Odalirika kwambiri angatchedwe M13A. Injiniyi ili ndi malire ambiri opulumuka, omwe amapulumutsa dalaivala kumavuto ambiri. Ngati mumasamalira bwino, zosweka sizichitika. Nthawi zina pakhoza kukhala vuto ndi crankshaft udindo sensa, mwina ndi vuto wamba wa galimoto iyi. Komanso, mukamagwiritsa ntchito mafuta otsika kwambiri, chekecho chimawunikira ndipo cholakwika chamagetsi chimawonekera.
Kutsegula
Madalaivala ambiri sakonda mawonekedwe a injini, kotero njira zambiri zapangidwa zomwe zimathandizira kuwonjezera mphamvu kapena kusintha magwiridwe antchito a injini. Tidzasanthula zoyenera kwambiri pagawo lililonse lamphamvu.
Kwa injini ya A14NET, kukonza chip ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri. Apa ndizothandiza kwambiri, popeza turbine imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ndi kung'anima kolondola kwa gawo lowongolera, mutha kuwonjezera mphamvu 10-20%. Palibe zomveka kuchita zosintha zina pagalimoto iyi, kuwonjezeka kudzakhala kochepa, ndipo ndalama zake zidzakhala zazikulu.
Pali mwayi wambiri woyenga injini ya Z18XER, koma apa muyenera kukumbukira kuti ntchito zambiri zimawononga ndalama zozungulira. Njira yosavuta ndiyo kukonza chip, ndi iyo mutha kuwonjezera mphamvu pafupifupi 10% pagalimoto. Ngati mukufuna kuwonjezereka kwakukulu, muyenera kukhazikitsa turbine, komanso kusintha ndodo yolumikizira ndi gulu la pistoni, ndipo ma silinda amatopa nthawi yomweyo. Njirayi imathandizira kupeza mphamvu mpaka 200 hp. Pa nthawi yomweyo, muyenera kuyika gearbox wina, kulimbitsa mabuleki ndi kuyimitsidwa.
F18D4 nthawi zambiri imafuna ndalama zambiri zosinthira, ndipo zotsatira zake zimakhala zokangana kwambiri. Apa, ngakhale chip ikukonzekera sikugwira ntchito, kuti mukwaniritse chiwonjezeko cha 15%, muyenera kusintha mathalauza otulutsa ndi "kangaude". Kuti muwonjezere mphamvu, muyenera kuyang'ana ku turbine, imapereka kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa mphamvu. Koma, kuwonjezera pa izi, ndizofunikanso kukhazikitsa magawo atsopano a ndodo yolumikizira ndi gulu la pistoni zomwe zimagonjetsedwa ndi katundu wotere. Apo ayi, muyenera kuchita kukonzanso kwakukulu kwa injini nthawi zambiri.
Injini F16D3 makamaka imathandizira ndi masilinda otopetsa. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti mukwaniritse mphamvu zowonjezera pamtengo wotsika. Pa nthawi yomweyo, chip ikufunikanso.
M13A nthawi zambiri imakhala yodzaza kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito chip ikukonzekera, koma izi sizipereka mphamvu zowonjezera mphamvu, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosapitirira 10 hp. Ndizothandiza kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito ndodo zazifupi zolumikizira, izi zimapereka kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa voliyumu ya injini, ndipo motero, mphamvu zambiri zimapezedwa. Njirayi ndiyothandiza kwambiri, koma muyenera kulipira ndikuwonjezera mafuta.
SINTHA
Imodzi mwa njira zodziwika bwino zosinthira injini ndi SWAP, ndiye kuti, kusintha kwathunthu kwa injini. M'zochita, kukonzanso koteroko kumakhala kovuta chifukwa chofuna kusankha injini yomwe ikugwirizana ndi mapiri, komanso kugwirizanitsa magawo ena a injini. Kawirikawiri zosankha zamphamvu kwambiri zimayikidwa.
Ndipotu, "Chevrolet Cruze" ntchito yoteroyo sikuchitika, chifukwa ndi ochepa mayunitsi abwino mphamvu. Nthawi zambiri, amaika z20let kapena 2.3 V5 AGZ. Ma motors awa safuna kusinthidwa konse, pomwe ali amphamvu komanso odalirika.
Zosintha zodziwika kwambiri
Ndizosatheka kunena mosakayikira kuti ndi iti mwa mitundu yagalimoto iyi yomwe inali yabwino kwambiri. Pali zifukwa zingapo. Choyamba, nthawi zina, zosintha zina zimaperekedwa kumsika, pomwe zina sizinapangidwe. Mwachibadwa, anthu anatenga zimene amalondawo ankawapatsa.
Ambiri, ngati inu muyang'ana ziwerengero, ndiye nthawi zambiri anagula (kapena ankafuna kugula) galimoto ndi injini F18D4. Malinga ndi oyendetsa ambiri, pali chiŵerengero champhamvu kwambiri cha mphamvu ndi magawo ena, makamaka dzuwa.
Kusintha komwe mungasankhe
Ngati muyang'ana kudalirika kwa injini, ndi bwino kugula galimoto ndi injini ya M13A. Idapangidwira ma SUV opepuka, ndipo pali malire achitetezo. Chifukwa chake, ngati simukufuna kusokoneza ndi zovuta zazing'ono zomwe zimachitika nthawi zonse, iyi ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri.
F18D4 imayamikiridwanso nthawi zina. Koma, ndiyoyenera kwambiri misewu ya m'dziko, chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zazikulu komanso kuyankha kwamphamvu.
