Volkswagen CLRA injini
Zamkatimu
oyendetsa Russian anayamikira ubwino Volkswagen Jetta VI injini ndipo mogwirizana anazindikira kuti ndi imodzi mwa zabwino kwambiri.
mafotokozedwe
Ku Russia, injini ya CLRA idawonekera koyamba mu 2011. Kupanga kwa gawoli kumakhazikitsidwa pafakitale ya VAG nkhawa ku Mexico.
injini anali okonzeka ndi magalimoto Volkswagen Jetta m'badwo 6. Kutumiza kwa magalimoto awa ku msika waku Russia kudachitika mpaka 2013.
Kwenikweni, CLRA ndi gawo la CFNA lodziwika ndi oyendetsa galimoto. Koma galimoto imeneyi anatha kuyamwa zambiri makhalidwe abwino a analogi ndi kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha zolakwa.
CLRA ndi injini ina ya petulo yokhala ndi ma silinda anayi okhala ndi ma cylinders apamzere. Mphamvu yolengezedwa ndi 105 malita. s pa torque ya 153 Nm.
Silinda block (BC) mwachikhalidwe imapangidwa kuchokera ku aluminiyamu alloy. Manja achitsulo okhala ndi mipanda yopyapyala amakanikizidwa m'thupi. Mabedi akulu onyamula amapangidwa molumikizana ndi chipika, kotero kuti m'malo mwawo sizotheka kukonza. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, ngati kuli kofunikira, crankshaft iyenera kusinthidwa pamodzi ndi msonkhano wa BC.
Mutu wa block umapangidwa ndi njira yosinthira masilindala (mavavu olowera ndi otulutsa amakhala mbali zotsutsana za mutu wa silinda). Pamwamba pamutu pali bedi la camshafts ziwiri zachitsulo. Mkati mwa mutu wa silinda muli ma valve 16 okhala ndi ma hydraulic compensators.
Aluminium pistons okhala ndi mphete zitatu. Awiri chapamwamba compression, m'munsi mafuta scraper. Masiketi a piston amakutidwa ndi graphite. Pansi pa pisitoni amasungunulidwa ndi ma nozzles apadera amafuta. Zikhomo za pistoni zimayandama, zotetezedwa motsutsana ndi kusamuka kwa axial posunga mphete.
Ndodo zolumikizira ndi zitsulo, zopangira. Mu gawo ali ndi gawo la I.
Crankshaft imakhazikika pama bere asanu, imazungulira muzitsulo zazitsulo zokhala ndi mipanda yopyapyala yokhala ndi anti-friction. Kuti muyike bwino kwambiri, shaft ili ndi zida zisanu ndi zitatu zowerengera.
Kuyendetsa nthawi kumagwiritsa ntchito unyolo wa lamellar wamitundu yambiri. Malinga ndi eni magalimoto, ndi kukonza nthawi yake, 250-300 Km amayamwitsidwa mosavuta.
Ngakhale izi, cholakwika cham'mbuyomu pagalimoto chidakalipo. Ikukambidwa mwatsatanetsatane mu Chap. "Malo ofooka".
Injector yopangira mafuta, jekeseni wogawidwa. Mafuta ofunikira ndi AI-95, koma oyendetsa galimoto amanena kuti kugwiritsa ntchito AI-92 sikukhudza ntchito ya unit konse. Dongosololi limayendetsedwa ndi Magnetti Marelli 7GV ECU.
Dongosolo lophatikizana lopaka mafuta lilibe mapangidwe apadera.
Kawirikawiri, malinga ndi eni galimoto, CLRA imalowa m'gulu la injini zopambana kwambiri za VAG.
Zolemba zamakono
| Wopanga | Auto nkhawa VAG |
| Chaka chomasulidwa | 2011 * |
| Voliyumu, cm³ | 1598 |
| Mphamvu, l. Ndi | 105 |
| Mphamvu index, l. s/1 lita imodzi | 66 |
| Makokedwe, Nm | 153 |
| Chiyerekezo cha kuponderezana | 10.5 |
| Cylinder chipika | aluminium |
| Chiwerengero cha masilindala | 4 |
| Cylinder mutu | aluminium |
| Kuchuluka kwa ntchito ya chipinda choyaka moto, cm³ | 38.05 |
| Lamulo la jekeseni wamafuta | 1-3-4-2 |
| Cylinder awiri, mm | 76.5 |
| Pisitoni sitiroko, mm | 86.9 |
| Nthawi yoyendetsa | unyolo |
| Chiwerengero cha mavavu pa silinda iliyonse | 4 (DOHC) |
| Hydraulic compensator | pali |
| Kutembenuza | palibe |
| Wowongolera nthawi ya valve | palibe |
| Lubrication dongosolo mphamvu, l | 3.6 |
| Mafuta ogwiritsidwa ntchito | 5W-30, 5W-40 |
| Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta (kuwerengeredwa), l / 1000 km | 0,5 ** |
| Mafuta dongosolo | jekeseni, jekeseni wa doko |
| Mafuta | AI-95 mafuta |
| Mfundo zachilengedwe | Yuro 4 |
| Resource, kunja. km | 200 |
| Malo: | chopingasa |
| Kukonza (kuthekera), l. Ndi | 150 *** |
* tsiku la maonekedwe a injini woyamba mu Russian Federation; ** pa injini yoyatsira mkati yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito, osapitirira 0,1 l; *** popanda kutaya kwazinthu mpaka 115 l. Ndi
Kudalirika, zofooka, kusakhazikika
Kudalirika
Kudalirika kwa injini iliyonse kumakhala pazithandizo zake komanso chitetezo. Pali zambiri za mtunda kuti 500 zikwi Km si malire kwa iye. Koma panthawi imodzimodziyo, ntchito yake yapanthawi yake komanso yapamwamba imayikidwa patsogolo.
Grafu limasonyeza kuti mtunda wa injini kuposa 500 zikwi Km.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta apamwamba kumathandiza kuonjezera moyo wa unit. Kuchokera pa chithunzi chomwe chili pansipa zikuwonekeratu kuti kusagwirizana kwa mtundu wa mafuta ovomerezeka kumabweretsa zotsatira za "kukhetsa" zinthu za injini zoyaka zomwe zimafunikira mafuta. Chithunzi chomwecho chimawonedwa pamene mawu a m'malo mwake samawonedwa.
Zikuwonekeratu kuti mu nkhani iyi, kulimba kwa galimoto kuyenera kuyiwalika.
Wopangayo, pokonza zoyendetsa nthawi, adayang'ana pa kukulitsa moyo wake wautumiki. Kupititsa patsogolo unyolo ndi tensioner kumawonjezera chuma chawo mpaka 300 km.
Injini imatha kukwera mpaka 150 hp. s, koma simukuyenera kutero. Choyamba, kulowerera koteroko kudzachepetsa kwambiri moyo wagalimoto. Kachiwiri, mawonekedwe aukadaulo asintha, osati abwino.
Ngati sangapirire kwathunthu, ndiye kuti kung'anima ECU (chip chosavuta ikukonzekera) ndi zokwanira 10-13 hp injini. mphamvu.
Ambiri mwa eni magalimoto amadziwika kuti CLRA ndi injini yodalirika, yolimba, yolimba komanso yotsika mtengo.
Mawanga ofooka
CLRA imatengedwa ngati mtundu wopambana kwambiri wa injini za Volkswagen. Ngakhale zili choncho, pali zofooka mmenemo.
Oyendetsa galimoto ambiri amavutika ndi kugogoda pamene akuyambitsa injini yozizira. Bulldozer 2018 kuchokera ku Stavropol amalankhula pamutuwu motere: "… Jeta 2013. Injini 1.6 CLRA, Mexico. 148000 zikwi km mtunda. Pali phokoso mukayamba pa ozizira 5-10 masekondi. Ndipo kotero, monga, zonse ziri bwino. Ndithudi ma chain motors ndiaphokoso kwambiri".
Pali zifukwa ziwiri zogogoda zomwe zimawonekera - kuvala kwa zonyamula ma hydraulic ndikusintha ma pistoni kupita ku TDC. Pa injini zatsopano, chifukwa choyamba chimasowa, ndipo chachiwiri ndi mawonekedwe a injini yoyaka mkati. Pamene injini ikuwotha, kugogoda kumasowa. Chochitika ichi chikuyenera kugwirizana.
Tsoka ilo, kuyendetsa nthawi kwatenga zovuta za omwe adatsogolera. Pamene unyolo unalumpha, kupindika kwa ma valve kunakhalabe kosapeŵeka.
Chomwe chimayambitsa vutoli ndikusowa kwa hydraulic tensioner plunger stopper. Kukanikizidwa kwa makina opangira mafuta kukangotsika, kuthamanga kwa chain chain kumamasulidwa nthawi yomweyo.
Izi zikutsatira kuti pali njira imodzi yokha yochotsera kuthekera kwa kudumpha - musasiye galimotoyo ndi zida zomwe zimayikidwa pamalo oimikapo magalimoto (muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mabuleki oimika magalimoto) ndipo musayese kuyimitsa galimoto. kukoka.
Eni magalimoto ena ali ndi vuto ndi njira yoyatsira jekeseni. Pankhaniyi, makandulo ndi msonkhano wa throttle umayesedwa mosamala. Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta otsika kwambiri kumabweretsa ma depositi a carbon mu throttle ndi kuyendetsa kwake, zomwe zimasokoneza ntchito ya injini.
Ndipo, mwinamwake, chofooka chotsiriza ndicho kukhudzika kwa ubwino wa mafuta ndi nthawi yake. Kunyalanyaza zizindikirozi poyamba kumabweretsa kuvala kwazitsulo za crankshaft. Zomwe izi zimatsogolera ndi zomveka popanda kufotokoza.
Kusungika
Mapangidwe osavuta a injini amatanthauza kukhazikika kwake kwakukulu. Izi ndi zoona, koma apa m'pofunika kuganizira zovuta za ntchito yobwezeretsa. Kwa ntchito zamagalimoto, izi sizowopsa, koma kudzikonza nokha kumabweretsa zotsatira zosasinthika.
Chofunikira cha vutoli chimatsikira ku chidziwitso chokwanira cha njira zamakono zobwezeretsera, kukhala ndi zida zofunikira ndi zipangizo. Mwachitsanzo, ntchito wamba ndikukhazikitsa TDC.
Ngati palibe chizindikiro choyimba, ndiye kuti sikoyenera kutenga ntchitoyi. Pankhaniyi, zosinthazo ziyenera kuphatikizapo camshaft ndi crankshaft clamps, komanso chida chapadera.
Sikophweka kusintha chisindikizo cha crankshaft. Sikuti aliyense amadziwa kuti mutatha kukhazikitsa yatsopano, zimatengera maola anayi kuti muyime osatembenuza crankshaft. Kuphwanya njira zamakono kudzachititsa chiwonongeko cha stuffing bokosi.
Zigawo zosinthira zamagalimoto ndizosavuta kuzipeza m'sitolo iliyonse yapadera. Chinthu chachikulu si kugula zinthu zachinyengo. Kukonzanso kwa unit kumachitika kokha pogwiritsa ntchito zida zosinthira zoyambirira.
Manja achitsulo oponya amakulolani kusintha CPG mokwanira. Boring liners kwa kukula ankafuna kukonza amapereka kukonzanso kwathunthu kwa injini kuyaka mkati.
Pobwezeretsa injini, nthawi yomweyo muyenera kukonzekera ndalama zazikulu zakuthupi. Kukwera mtengo kwa kukonzanso sikungotengera zida zamtengo wapatali, komanso zovuta za ntchito yomwe yachitika.
Mwachitsanzo, kubwezeretsanso phula la silinda kumafuna kutengapo mbali kwa akatswiri odziwa bwino ntchito. Motero, malipiro awo adzawonjezedwa.
Kutengera zomwe tafotokozazi, sizingakhale zovuta kulingalira mwayi wopeza injini ya mgwirizano. Mtengo wapakati wa galimoto yotereyi ndi ma ruble 60-80.
Injini ya Volkswagen CLRA idasiya chidwi kwambiri pa oyendetsa galimoto aku Russia. Zodalirika, zamphamvu komanso zandalama, komanso ndi kukonza nthawi yake, zimakhalanso zolimba.
