injini VAZ-21213

Kwa misa ya SUV Lada Niva inafunika mphamvu yodalirika komanso yolimba. Akatswiri opanga a AvtoVAZ adatha kupanga ndikukhazikitsa.

mafotokozedwe

Mu 1994, omanga injini ya Vaz anayamba ndikuyambitsa kupanga injini yatsopano (panthawiyo) yotchedwa Vaz-21213. kamangidwe kake zinachitika limodzi ndi chilengedwe cha galimoto "Lada VAZ-2107", koma unsembe patsogolo anapatsidwa Niva SUVs.

Injini ya VAZ-21213 ndi injini yamagetsi yamagetsi yamagetsi yamphamvu yokhala ndi malita 1.7 ndi mphamvu ya malita 78,9. ndi torque ya 127 Nm.

Zakhazikitsidwa pamagalimoto a Lada:

• 2129 (1994-1996);
• 4x4 Niva 2121 (1997-2019);
• 4x4 Bronto (1995-2011);
• Niva Pickup (1995-2019).

Kuphatikiza apo, imapezeka pansi pa nyumba ya Lada Nadezhda, Lada 21213 ndi Lada 21313. Pa Ladas 21214, 21044 ndi 21074, idatumizidwa kunja.

madalaivala ambiri otsimikiza kuti Vaz-21213 kanthu kuposa "wotopetsa" Vaz-2121. Lingaliro loterolo ndi lolakwika. Mfundo ndi yakuti Vaz-21213 ndi chitukuko chatsopano. Pamene analengedwa, luso luso ntchito tingachipeze powerenga 2101-2106, dizilo ndi kutsogolo gudumu pagalimoto 2108.

Chida cha silinda nthawi zambiri chimakhala chitsulo choponyedwa, osati chokhala ndi mzere. Pansi pake pali mayendedwe asanu a crankshaft. Zipolopolo zazikulu zonyamula ndi zitsulo-aluminium. Chidacho chili ndi miyeso iwiri yokonza - 82,4 ndi 82,8. Choncho, VAZ-21213 injini kuyaka mkati akhoza mopanda ululu kupanga overhauls awiri.

Crankshaft imapangidwa ndi chitsulo cha ductile. Okonzeka ndi ma counterweights asanu ndi atatu kuti achepetse mphamvu yachiwiri ya inertial yomwe imayambitsa injini kugwedezeka. Sprocket yanthawi ndi pulley yoyendetsa mayunitsi (pampu, jenereta, chiwongolero champhamvu) amayikidwa pa chala cha crankshaft. Flywheel imamangiriridwa mbali ina.

Kumanzere crankshaft VAZ-2103, kumanja - VAZ-21213

Ndodo zachitsulo. Miyendo (zolowetsa) za mutu wapansi ndi zitsulo-aluminium, pamwamba pake ndi zitsulo zamkuwa zamkuwa. Chifukwa cha kusiyana kwakung'ono kwambiri mu tchire, kapu yolumikizira ndodo singakhoze kupendekeka pa msonkhano, apo ayi padzakhala mavuto ndi kubala mafuta. Mutu wapamwamba umapangidwira piston yoyandama.

Ma pistoni ndi apachiyambi, aluminiyamu, okhala ndi mphete zitatu, ziwiri zomwe ndi mphete zoponderezedwa, imodzi ndi mafuta opaka mafuta. Kupuma pansi ndi chipinda chowonjezera choyaka (chachikulucho chili pamutu wa silinda). Piston pin yoyandama mtundu, yokhazikika ndi zozungulira ziwiri.

Mutu wa silinda ndi woyambirira, aluminiyamu. Okonzeka ndi camshaft imodzi ndi mavavu 8. Valve hydraulic compensators saperekedwa, kotero kusiyana kwamafuta kumayenera kusinthidwa pamanja pamakilomita 7-10 aliwonse. Gasket yotayidwa yachitsulo imayikidwa pakati pa chipika ndi mutu.

Camshaft ndi chitsulo choponyedwa. Woikidwa pa mizati isanu. Ili ndi mawonekedwe apadera a makamera, kupereka kutseguka kwautali kwa ma valve odya. Kusintha kumeneku kumabweretsa kudzaza bwino kwa chipinda choyaka moto ndi kusakaniza kogwira ntchito, komwe kumawonjezera mphamvu yamagetsi.

Kuyendetsa kwanthawi yayitali. Kupititsa patsogolo magwiridwe antchito, cholumikizira chatsopano chokhala ndi nsapato yayitali chimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kutambasula unyolo kumapangitsa mavavu kupindika ndikuswa pisitoni ikakhudza.

Njira yophatikizira mafuta. Pampu yamafuta amtundu wa Gear.

Mafuta oyambirira akulimbikitsidwa ndi wopanga ndi Lukoil Lux 10W-30 kapena 10W-40. Kuchokera ku zomwe sizinali zoyambirira, zokonda zitha kuperekedwa kwa mtundu wapakhomo Rosneft, G-Energy ndi Gazpromneft.

Makina opangira mafuta a Carburetor. Zatsopano ndikugwiritsa ntchito 21073 Solex carburetor.

Dongosolo loyatsira silimalumikizana ndi koyilo imodzi yodziwika kwambiri yamagetsi. Makandulo ovomerezeka - AU17DVRM kapena BCPR6ES (NGK).

Machitidwe otsala ndi mfundo zinakhalabe zapamwamba.

Zolemba zamakono

Wopanga	Autoconcern "AvtoVAZ"
Chaka chomasulidwa	1994
Voliyumu, cm³	1690
Mphamvu, l. Ndi	78.9
Makokedwe, Nm	127
Chiyerekezo cha kuponderezana	9.3
Cylinder chipika	chitsulo choponyedwa
Chiwerengero cha masilindala	4
Lamulo la jekeseni wamafuta	1-3-4-2
Cylinder mutu	aluminium
Cylinder awiri, mm	82
Pisitoni sitiroko, mm	80
Chiwerengero cha mavavu pa silinda iliyonse	2
Nthawi yoyendetsa	unyolo
Kutembenuza	palibe
Hydraulic compensator	palibe
Wowongolera nthawi ya valve	palibe
Lubrication dongosolo mphamvu, l.	3.75
Mafuta ogwiritsidwa ntchito	5W30, 5W40, 10W40, 15W40
Mafuta dongosolo	carburetor
Mafuta	AI-92 mafuta
Mfundo zachilengedwe	Yuro 0
Resource, kunja. km	80
Malo:	longitudinal
Kulemera, kg	117
Kukonza (kuthekera), l. Ndi	200 *

*popanda kuchepetsa gwero 80 l. Ndi.

Kudalirika, zofooka, kusakhazikika

Kudalirika

Kukambitsirana kwa eni galimoto pa kudalirika kwa VAZ-21213 sikungathe kuchepetsedwa kukhala njira yothetsera vutoli. Ena amakonda kuziwona ngati "zosalimba", zovuta komanso zosadalirika. Koma ambiri ali ndi maganizo osiyana.

Ngakhale kuti wopanga sanatsimikizire moyo wautali wautumiki, oyendetsa galimoto ambiri amanena kuti zadutsa. Mwachilengedwe, zimatengera ma nuances ena.

Choncho, wotchedwa Dmitry mumzinda wa Kushva analemba kuti: "...kwa zaka 10 ndinasintha carburetor yokha, koma mayendedwe a magudumu, ena onse - pa tinthu tating'ono: faucet pa chitofu, thermostat, slider anawotcha kangapo.". Vovan amagwirizana naye kwathunthu: "...anayenda 282, anasintha magulu awiri a mpira ndi seti imodzi ya ndodo zowongolera, panalibenso mavuto.". Ndemanga yosangalatsa pamutuwu idalembedwa ndi Sergey wakumudzi. Almetevsky (KhMAO): "...adadutsa zigawo za injini za 112000km ndi misonkhano yayikulu. Ndinangosintha zovundikira zoteteza ndi zotsekera ndi batire lina".

Choncho, kupitirira gwero mtunda zimasonyeza bwino kudalirika kwa injini.

Chofunikanso chimodzimodzi ndi kalembedwe ka ntchito ya injini. Nthawi zambiri mu ndemanga za eni galimoto mukhoza kuwerenga kuti "pa chiyambi ndinayendetsa pa liwiro la 140 Km / h, ndiye injini anayamba kutenga". Palibe chonena poteteza injini. Wokwera wothamanga amayimitsa dala injini, ndiyeno amalengeza kuti ndi yosadalirika. Zikuoneka kuti si woyendetsa galimoto aliyense amadziwa kuti Niva si galimoto yothamanga.

Kutsatira malingaliro onse a wopanga injini yogwiritsira ntchito injini kumawonjezera kudalirika kwake ndipo, chifukwa chake, gwero lolengezedwa.

Mawanga ofooka

Kukhalapo kwawo ndi khalidwe la injini iliyonse. Pa Vaz-21213, iwo akhoza mwachidule m'magulu anayi akuluakulu.

• Kutentha kwambiri. Zitha kuyambitsidwa ndi chotenthetsera cholakwika kapena radiator yakuda. Kuwonongekako kumathetsedwa mosavuta ndi mwini galimoto mwiniwake.

Zotsatira za kutenthedwa

• Kuchitika kwa phokoso losaloledwa ndi kugogoda. Izi zimafuna kufufuza bwinobwino zigawo zambiri za injini. Ma valve osokonezeka, kulephera kugwira ntchito pa nthawi yoyendetsa nthawi (zovuta mu dampers kapena tensioners unyolo), kuvala pa zikhomo za pistoni, zitsulo zazikulu kapena zolumikizira ndodo ndizo zomwe zimayambitsa phokoso lamoto. Diagnostics pa siteshoni yapadera utumiki adzaulula chifukwa chenicheni cha kulephera kwaonekera.
• Mafuta ndi zoziziritsa kutayikira. Chifukwa cha zochitika zawo ndi kufooketsa kwa kumangiriza kwa kugwirizana kwa chitoliro ndi kutayika kwa zolimba za gaskets kapena zisindikizo. Ngati kutayikira kwamadzimadzi aukadaulo kumapezeka, njira zofulumira ziyenera kuchitidwa kuti zithetse.
• Gawo lamagetsi. Jenereta ndi zoyambira zimakhala ndi moyo waufupi wautumiki. Pano, njira yokhayo yothetsera vutoli ndikusintha.

Kuchepetsa zotsatira zoyipa za kuwonekera kwa zofooka, m'pofunika kuchitapo kanthu kuti azindikire ndi kuthetseratu panthawi yake.

Kusungika

Kukonza injini Vaz-21213 sikuyambitsa mavuto. Ikhoza kuchitidwa ngakhale m'magalasi. Zovuta zina zimachitika chifukwa chosowa zomangira m'masilinda. Kuti akonzenso kwathunthu, cylinder block iyenera kuperekedwa kubizinesi, komwe idzabowoledwa, kugwa ndikukulitsidwa.

Kusankha ndi kugula zida zosinthira kuti zikonzedwe kulibe vuto. Malingaliro okhawo ndikuti musathamangire zabodza ngati mutagula nokha. Kuchuluka kwa zinthu zabodza pamsika kumabweretsa zovuta zina kwa eni ake agalimoto osadziwa zambiri.

Kuti mugwire bwino ntchito yagalimoto pambuyo pokonzanso, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito zida zoyambirira ndi magawo.

Musanayambe kukonzanso kwakukulu mokwanira, muyenera kuwerengera mosamala komanso mosamala ndalama zomwe zingatheke. Zitha kuchitika kuti kugula injini ya mgwirizano kumakhala njira yopindulitsa kwambiri.

Vaz-21213 ndi odalirika kwathunthu ndi wodzichepetsa mphamvu unit ndi akuchitira bwino. Utumiki wapanthawi yake komanso wapamwamba kwambiri udzakulitsa kwambiri nthawi ya ntchito yake yosasokoneza, kuonjezera gwero la ntchito.