Toyota 1E injini
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka makumi asanu ndi atatu za zaka zapitazo, oyang'anira Toyota Motors adaganiza zoyambitsa injini zatsopano zomwe zimatchedwa E. Magawowa adapangidwira magalimoto ang'onoang'ono ndi ang'onoang'ono kuchokera kumagulu opanga makampani.
Ntchitoyo inali kupanga galimoto ya bajeti yogwira ntchito kwambiri, ngakhale kuwononga makhalidwe amphamvu, omwe safuna ndalama zambiri zogwiritsira ntchito ndi kukonza. Chizindikiro choyamba, chomwe chinatulutsidwa mu 1984, chinali Toyota 1E ICE, chomwe chinayikidwa pa Toyota Starlet.
Galimotoyo inali injini yapamtunda ya valavu yokhala ndi ma silinda anayi okhala ndi voliyumu yogwira ntchito ya 999 cm3. Malire osamutsidwa adalandiridwa chifukwa cha zolimbikitsa msonkho. Silindayo inali yopangidwa ndi chitsulo chonyezimira, chokhala ndi zomangira zopindika. Zida zamutu wa block ndi aluminiyamu alloy. Chiwembu chokhala ndi ma valve 3 pa silinda inagwiritsidwa ntchito, kwa ma valve 12 okwana. Panalibe zosinthira magawo ndi ma hydraulic valve clearance compensators; Kusintha kwanthawi ndi nthawi kwa valve kumafunika. Kuyendetsa nthawi kunkachitidwa ndi lamba wa mano. Kuti muthandizire injini, crankshaft yopanda kanthu idayikidwa. Mphamvu yamagetsi ndi carburetor.
Compress ratio inali 9,0:1, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti azitha kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta a A-92. Mphamvu idafika 55 hp. Mphamvu yafupika kwa lita imodzi ya voliyumu yogwira ntchito pafupifupi ikufanana ndi injini ya VAZ 2103, yomwe inayamba kupangidwa zaka khumi ndi chimodzi zapitazo. Chifukwa chake, injini ya 1E singatchulidwe mokakamizidwa.
Koma injini 1E anasiyanitsidwa ndi dzuwa bwino, ndi kuwala Starlet anayamwitsa mpaka 300 zikwi Km popanda mavuto. Kuchokera pamalingaliro awa, ntchito yokhazikitsidwa ndi utsogoleri wa Toyota Motors ikhoza kuganiziridwa kuti yatha.
Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa injini ya 1E
Ubwino waukulu wa injini yoyaka mkatiyi ndikugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ochepa. Toyota Starlet yokhala ndi injini yotereyi imakwana malita 7,3. mafuta m'mizinda m'mizinda, amene pa nthawi imeneyo ankaona ngati chizindikiro chabwino ngakhale magalimoto ang'onoang'ono.
Zoyipa zake ndi monga:
- gwero lotsika kuposa mndandanda A;
- kusowa kwamoto pafupipafupi chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa dongosolo loyatsira;
- zovuta kukhazikitsa carburetor;
- ngakhale kutenthedwa pang'ono, kumaswa mutu wa silinda.
Komanso, panali zochitika za mphete pisitoni ndi kuthamanga makilomita 100 zikwi.
Zofunikira za injini 1E
Gome likuwonetsa magawo ena a injini iyi:
| Chiwerengero ndi kapangidwe ka zonenepa | 4, mzere |
| Voliyumu yogwira ntchito, cm³ | 999 |
| Makina amagetsi | carburetor |
| Zolemba malire mphamvu, hp | 55 |
| Zolemba malire makokedwe, Nm | 75 |
| Dulani mutu | aluminiyamu |
| Cylinder awiri, mm | 70,5 |
| Pisitoni sitiroko, mm | 64 |
| Chiyerekezo cha kuponderezana | 9,0: 1 |
| Njira yogawa mafuta | Mtengo wa SOHC |
| chiwerengero cha mavavu | 12 |
| Hydraulic compensator | palibe |
| Nthawi yoyendetsa | lamba |
| Owongolera magawo | palibe |
| Kutembenuza | palibe |
| Analimbikitsa mafuta | Zamgululi 5W-30 |
| Kuchuluka kwa mafuta, l. | 3,2 |
| Mtundu wamafuta | AI-92 |
| Gulu lazachilengedwe | EURO 0 |
Ambiri, ngakhale zofooka zina, injini anali wotchuka. Ogula sanaimitsidwe ndi boma "disposability" wa galimoto, amene analipira ndi otsika mtengo ntchito ndi kupezeka kwa injini mgwirizano. Inde, ndipo sizovuta kwa amisiri kukonzanso magetsi, mapangidwe osavuta amathandizira izi.
