Opel A20NHT injini
Zamkatimu
Magalimoto opangidwa ndi nkhawa yagalimoto ya Opel ndi otchuka osati pakati pa anzathu okha, komanso okhala m'maiko aku Europe. Bajeti yofananira, mtundu wamagalimoto abwino, magwiridwe antchito ndi zida zaukadaulo ndizifukwa zochepa zomwe magalimoto a Opel amasankhidwa. Opel Insignia yadzikhazikitsa yokha pakati pa zombo zamagalimoto zoperekedwa ndi nkhawa.
Galimotoyo ndi ya "pakati" kalasi ndipo m'malo Opel Vectra mu 2008. Galimotoyo inali yotchuka kwambiri moti zaka zingapo zapitazo mbadwo wachiwiri unayambitsidwa.
Galimoto iyi inali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya injini m'zaka zosiyanasiyana. Kuyambira kutulutsidwa kwa chitsanzo ichi mpaka 2013, Opel Insignia anali ndi injini ya A20NHT. Ichi ndi chigawo cha-lita, chomwe chinayikidwa pamitundu yodula ya galimoto.
Injini inatha kudziwonetsera yokha chifukwa cha zinthu zingapo zaukadaulo ndi mawonekedwe. Pa nthawi yomweyo, kuyambira 2013, Mlengi anaganiza kukhazikitsa injini chitsanzo A20NFT pa magalimoto opangidwa. Anathetsa zophophonya zingapo.
Mafotokozedwe a injini ya A20NHT ndi awa:
| Kugwiritsa ntchito injini | 1998 CC cm |
|---|---|
| Mphamvu yayikulu | 220-249 HP |
| Zolemba malire makokedwe | 350 (36) / 4000 N*m (kg*m) pa rpm |
| 400 (41) / 2500 N*m (kg*m) pa rpm | |
| 400 (41) / 3600 N*m (kg*m) pa rpm | |
| Mafuta ogwiritsidwa ntchito | AI-95 |
| Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta | 9-10 l / 100 km |
| mtundu wa injini | 4-yamphamvu, mu mzere |
| Kutulutsa kwa CO2 | 194g / Km |
| Chiwerengero cha mavavu pa silinda iliyonse | 4 |
| Mphamvu yayikulu | 220 (162) / 5300 hp (kW) pa rpm |
| 249 (183) / 5300 hp (kW) pa rpm | |
| 249 (183) / 5500 hp (kW) pa rpm | |
| Chiyerekezo cha kuponderezana | 9.5 |
| Zowonjezera | Turbine |
Kuti mudziwe nambala yachizindikiritso cha injini, muyenera kupeza chomata chomwe chili ndi chidziwitso chofunikira pa injiniyo.
Ambiri omwe adagwiritsa ntchito mtundu wa Insignia womwe injiniyi idayikidwapo adakumana ndi vuto loti anali ndi moyo wocheperako. Unyolo wa nthawi nawonso suli wangwiro. Zotsatira zake, madalaivala akukumana ndi kudzaza gulu la pistoni. Chifukwa chakuti injini ya chitsanzo ichi ndi "tcheru" mafuta, mavuto angabwere pa ntchito.
Panthawi imodzimodziyo, mu injini yokhala ndi mavavu anayi, nthawi imayendetsedwa ndi unyolo, moyo wogwira ntchito womwe umakhala mpaka makilomita 200 zikwi. Kuti awonjezere gwero, wopanga amagwiritsa ntchito ma compensators a hydraulic.
Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa injini zoyatsira mkati
Mtundu wa injini uwu umakupatsani mwayi wopereka magwiridwe antchito abwino. Koma panthawi imodzimodziyo, gawo lamagetsi silimadya mafuta ochepa. Nthawi yoyendetsa ndi chain. Zida zogwiritsira ntchito nthawi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazitsulo, zomwe sizingatchulidwe kuti zimakhala zolimba. Mtengo wawo ndi wokwera mtengo kuposa womwewo womwe umayikidwa pa injini ya 1,8.
Chimodzi mwa zolakwika za injini zomwe zinapangidwa m'zaka zoyambirira zinalinso kuwonongeka kwa magawo pakati pa mphete za pistoni.
Tsoka ilo, oyendetsa galimoto amaona kuti "capricious". Kulephera kwamphamvu kumachitika ngakhale panthawi yopuma. Monga lamulo, mutatha kuchita "kuyambiranso" mwachizolowezi, ndiko kuti, kuzimitsa galimoto ndikuyambiranso, vutoli linatha kwa nthawi inayake. Komabe, posakhalitsa zimabweretsa kufunika kosintha turbocharger.
Madalaivala ambiri salabadira vutoli. Chifukwa chake, injiniyo iyenera kusinthidwa kapena kusinthidwa. Nyali yochenjeza yomwe ikuwonetsa vuto m'galimoto imagwira ntchito mochedwa pamene kukonzanso kwakukulu kukufunika. Mwa njira, pamene kuwonongeka koteroko kunachitika pa nthawi ya chitsimikizo cha galimoto, ogulitsa adanena kuti chifukwa chake chinali kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta otsika kwambiri, komanso kulephera kwa dalaivala kumvetsera kuwongolera mafuta.
Kuchita kukonza injini
Kukonzanso injini ya chitsanzo ichi kumaphatikizapo ntchito zotsatirazi:
- Kuthamanga mkati mwa injini, kuyeretsa ndi kupukuta ma valve, m'malo mwa pistoni ndi zatsopano.
- Kusintha mafuta, spark plugs, ozizira. Kuwotcha dongosolo mafuta.
- Kutsuka ndi kuyika zida zokonzetsera pa majekeseni.
Kusintha kwa injini ya chip
Kukonza chip cha injini kumathandizidwa. Kulumikizana ndi malo apadera othandizira kumakupatsani mwayi woyitanitsa ntchito zomwe zingalole:
- Wonjezerani mphamvu ya injini ndi torque.
- Kutsirizitsa dongosolo la kudya ndi kutulutsa mpweya, kulimbikitsa, komanso kukonzanso magalimoto onse.
- Kukonza injini.
- Konzani ndi kukonza firmware.
Kugula injini ya mgwirizano
Zikachitika kuti mkhalidwewo ndi ntchito ndi kukonza galimotoyo "yakhazikitsidwa", ndiye kuti ndi mwayi waukulu kuti kukonzanso kudzakhala kochuluka kuposa kugula injini yatsopano. Nthawi zambiri, palibe zovuta kupeza mota. Mtengo wa injini yatsopano ya mgwirizano ndi pafupifupi 3500-4000 US dollars.
Ndizothekanso kupeza galimoto yopereka ndalama ndikugula mota pamtengo wotsika kwambiri.
Ziyenera kumveka kuti nkhani yosintha injini yagalimoto ndi mtundu wovuta wa ntchito yomwe iyenera kuperekedwa kwa akatswiri okhawo. Chowonadi ndi chakuti kugula injini yatsopano kapena yogwiritsidwa ntchito yomwe imagwira ntchito mokwanira komanso yoyenera kuti igwire ntchito zina, sikosangalatsa kotsika mtengo. Pachifukwa ichi, ngati injini yayikidwa molakwika, ndiye kuti m'tsogolomu ntchito ya galimotoyo idzakhala yovuta kapena yosatheka.
Pachifukwa ichi, tikulimbikitsidwa kulumikizana ndi mautumiki omwe amagwira ntchito pamagalimoto a Opel. M'mbuyomu, ogwira ntchito ku station station azitha kulangiza kasitomala, kuphatikiza pa nkhani yogula injini.
