Injini ya Mitsubishi 4n14
Zamkatimu
Mtundu wopunduka wokopera kuchokera ku injini za dizilo ku Europe, zomwe zayikidwa pagalimoto ya L200 kwa zaka ziwiri zapitazi. Iyi ndi injini yokhala ndi ma jekeseni a piezo ndi turbine yosinthika ya geometry.
Kufotokozera mozama
Injini ya 4n14 ndi dizilo yokondedwa ndi oyendetsa ambiri aku Russia chifukwa cha kulimba kwachuma. Komabe, palibe chiyembekezo chomwe chikuwoneka pa chopangira magetsi chatsopano, popeza injiniyo ndi yofatsa kwambiri komanso imakhudzidwa ndi mafuta oyipa. Ndipo ndi chiyani chomwe mungadabwe - mawonekedwe onse adasinthidwa kukhala miyezo yamakono ya Euro-5. Chotsatira chake chinali injini yovuta, yosadziŵika bwino yomwe sizingatheke popanda kukonzanso kufika pamtunda wa makilomita 100.
Masiku ano chakhala chizoloŵezi kupanga injini zomwe zimawoneka zonyezimira komanso zotsika mtengo. Ndipotu, pambuyo pa nthawi ya chitsimikizo, ndizovuta kwambiri komanso zodula kukonza kapena kuzigwiritsira ntchito. Kodi tikukamba za kudalirika kotani apa?
Apanso, chifukwa cha mafashoni atsopano, 8-speed automatic transmission imaphatikizidwa ndi injini. Ganizilani za izi, 8 liwiro - chifukwa ambiri? Imawononga katundu, mtundu wina wa zinthu zogula zaku China. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, anthu opitilira XNUMX ndi osowa kwambiri pakati pa ma multi-speed automatic transmissions, ndipo izi sizosadabwitsa.
Zikuoneka kuti 4n14 ndi osowa, zovuta, mtengo ndi osadalirika galimoto? Inde, magalimoto omwe ali ndi izi amataya mtengo pambuyo pokonza chitsimikizo chilichonse. Komanso mafuta athu dizilo Russian, amene amapha amphamvu kwambiri Japanese injini - 4d56, 4m40.
Zolemba zamakono
| Kusamutsidwa kwa injini, masentimita masentimita | 2267 |
| Zolemba malire mphamvu, hp | 148 |
| Zolemba malire makokedwe, N * m (kg * m) pa rpm. | Zamgululi. 360 (37) / 2750 |
| Mafuta ogwiritsidwa ntchito | Mafuta a dizilo |
| Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta, l / 100 km | 7.7 |
| mtundu wa injini | mu mzere, 4-yamphamvu, DOHC |
| Onjezani. zambiri za injini | Njanji wamba |
| Kutulutsa kwa CO2 mu g / km | 199 |
| Cylinder awiri, mm | 86 |
| Chiwerengero cha mavavu pa silinda iliyonse | 4 |
| Zolemba malire mphamvu, hp (kW) pa rpm | Zamgululi. 148 (109) / 3500 |
| Makina osinthira voliyumu yamphamvu | palibe |
| Zowonjezera | Turbine |
| Yambani-amasiya dongosolo | palibe |
| Chiyerekezo cha kuponderezana | 14.9 |
| Pisitoni sitiroko, mm | 97.6 |
| Magalimoto | Delica, L200 |
Mavuto
Injini ya 4n14 ndi yatsopano, kotero sinalandire ndemanga zambiri. Komabe, ndizotheka kale kuganiza mozama powerenga mawonekedwe ake.
- Majekeseni a Piezo amaonedwa kuti ndi zatsopano zamakono zomwe zafalikira mofulumira padziko lonse lapansi. Amagwira ntchito ka 4 mwachangu kuposa ma electromagnetic, koma amalephera mwachangu.
Dizilo piezo injector - Turbine yokhala ndi geometry yosinthika imakutidwa ndi mwaye mwachangu kwambiri, kupanikizana pakugwira ntchito.
- EGR vavu - kawirikawiri kufika makilomita zikwi 50 za galimoto. Kuwotcha valavu pambuyo 15 zikwi Km akulimbikitsidwa ndi Mlengi.
- Maivek - dongosolo lodziwika bwino la Mitsubishi la magawo osinthika limagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri pakadali pano, pakadali pano. Pambuyo pake, kulowererapo koyenera pa nthawiyo kumafunika.
- Common Rail ndi njira yokwera mtengo yokhala ndi ma nozzles oyendetsedwa ndimagetsi. Kwenikweni, zaka zana zatsopano, koma kumbali ina, jekeseni wokhazikika amawoneka wosavuta komanso wodalirika.
- Unyolo wanthawi womwe uli kale pa injini yatsopano ya 4m41 udawonetsa momveka bwino kuti zaka zaposachedwa zakhala zikuipiraipira. Chida cha 70 makilomita zikwi pagalimoto yachitsulo, mukuwona, chabwino, sizolimba kwambiri! Komanso, injini iyenera kuchotsedwa ikasinthidwa, chifukwa chiyani sanayike lamba nthawi yomweyo.
- Fyuluta yapang'onopang'ono yophatikizidwa ndi chothandizira ndiyosavuta kwambiri, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti sitenga nthawi yayitali.
Majekeseni a piezo
Zimanenedwa bwino komanso molondola: zomwe zili zabwino kwa injiniya ndizoyipa kwa wotchinga maloko. Izi ndi za majekeseni a piezo, kukonzanso komwe kumakhala koopsa kwambiri kwa ogwira ntchito yokonza galimoto. Masiku ano, ma jakisoni a piezo akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mumayendedwe a Common Rail pamainjini a dizilo. Akukankhidwa ndi opanga omwe atengera zida zapamwamba kwambiri zosinthira bwino injini yoyaka mkati. Koma amakanika ndi eni magalimoto amatha kukhala ndi mavuto azachuma ndi luso omwe amakhala ovuta kuwathetsa.
M'malo mwa maginito amagetsi okhala ndi maziko osuntha, jekeseni wa piezo amapatsidwa chinthu chapadera mu mawonekedwe a square column. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, iyi ndi mbale za ceramic zomwe zimayikidwa pamwamba pa wina ndi mzake ndikugulitsidwa, zomwe, mothandizidwa ndi zamakono, mphamvu ya piezoelectric imapezeka. Mapangidwe a jekeseni ya piezo ndi chilengedwe chonse, amatha kusintha kutalika kwake mu nthawi yochepa, potero akugwira ntchito pa valve yolamulira. Poyerekeza ndi jekeseni wamba, uku ndiko kuwonjezeka kwa liwiro la kuyankha ndi 0,4 ms, mphamvu yaikulu pa valve ndi kulondola kwakukulu kwa kudula mafuta. M'mawu amodzi, mwachidziwitso ma pluses amodzi okha.
Tsopano za kuipa. Kuchokera kumbali ya utumiki, vuto lalikulu la majekeseni a piezo ndizovuta kwambiri za kukonza kwawo. Komanso, izi ndi zinthu tcheru kwambiri zimene zimachitikira kuwonongeka pang'ono khalidwe la mafuta dizilo. Kuthira mafuta abwino nthawi zonse ndi kuyeretsedwa kwakukulu pamagalasi amafuta ku Russia sikokwanira, chifukwa chake, patatha makilomita masauzande angapo, magalimoto okhala ndi makina otere amakonzedwa.
Njira yonse yosinthira ikuganiziridwanso. Koma apanso, palibe chabwino kwa aku Russia - majekeseni atsopano a piezo ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri. Ulalo wosatetezeka kwambiri mu dongosolo la jekeseni wa piezo ndi valavu yowongolera, kulephera kwake komwe kumawopseza kuwononga jekeseni yonse.
Mitundu yamagetsi yama geometry
Kusiyana pakati pa turbine wamba ndi chosiyana chokhala ndi geometry yosinthika ndikuti, poyerekeza ndi yakale, gawo la gudumu lolowera limasinthidwa apa. Izi zimachitidwa ndi cholinga chokhacho chowonjezera mphamvu ya turbine pa katundu woperekedwa.
Injini yokhala ndi turbine yotere imakhala ndi kuthamanga kwambiri. Supercharging imayendetsedwa ndi drive, vacuum regulator ndi stepper motor.
M'malo mwake, turbine yosinthika ya geometry imatengedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwamakina abwino kwambiri opangira ma turbocharging. Ndi bwino kuposa twinscroll, turbo ndi single turbine, pafupifupi yabwino ngati turbine yamagetsi ndi twinscroll yosinthika. Koma, kachiwiri, khalidwe la mafuta a dizilo limabwera poyamba - mafuta osauka amawononga turbine yamtunduwu.
Fyuluta yapadera
Chinthucho chayikidwa pa injini za dizilo kwa nthawi yayitali. Amapangidwa kuti aziyeretsa mlengalenga wa mwaye wochuluka, womwe umakhala wochuluka mumafuta a dizilo. Kukhazikitsa fyuluta ya particulate pa Mitsubishi 4n14 kuli ngati msonkho kwa akatswiri azachilengedwe, chifukwa ndi omwe adabwera ndi njira iyi.
M'malo mwake, fyuluta ya particulate ndi m'malo mwa chothandizira kapena kuwonjezera kwake. Ndi gawo lapadera lomwe limayikidwa pambuyo pa chothandizira kapena kuphatikizidwa - monga pa 4n14 ndi injini za Volkswagen.
Mwachiwonekere, kuchokera ku mafuta oipa, fyuluta ya particulate idzatsekedwa mwamsanga, zomwe zidzapangitse chotchinga chowoneka cha mpweya ndi kuchepetsa mphamvu ya injini.
Kanema: Ndemanga ya Delica yokhala ndi injini ya dizilo
Kutsiliza kwa injini ya 4n14: yatsopano, yaukadaulo, imakumana ndi miyezo ya Euro-5. Koma ndizovuta kuzitcha zodalirika, zosungika komanso zotsika mtengo.
