Engine Hyundai, KIA D4EA
Zamkatimu
Akatswiri - omanga injini ku Korea kampani Hyundai kwa Hyundai Tucson crossover apanga ndi kupanga chitsanzo chatsopano cha mphamvu unit. Kenako, injini anaikidwa pa Elantra, Santa Fe ndi zopangidwa ena galimoto. Kutchuka kwakukulu kwa gawo lamagetsi ndi chifukwa cha njira zingapo zamakono zamakono.
mafotokozedwe
Injini ya D4EA yakhala ikupezeka kwa ogula kuyambira 2000. Kutulutsidwa kwa chitsanzocho kunatenga zaka 10. Ndi dizilo anayi yamphamvu mu mzere turbocharged mphamvu unit ndi buku la malita 2,0, mphamvu ya 112-151 HP ndi makokedwe 245-350 Nm.
Injini idayikidwa pamagalimoto a Hyundai:
- Santa Fe (2000-2009);
- Tucson (2004-2009);
- Elantra (2000-2006);
- Sonata (2004-2010);
- Makhalidwe (2000-2008).
Pamagalimoto a Kia:
- Sportage JE (2004-2010);
- Kusowa UN (2006-2013);
- Magentis MG (2005-2010);
- Cerato LD (2003-2010).
Mphamvu wagawo anali okonzeka ndi mitundu iwiri ya turbines - WGT 28231-27000 (mphamvu anali 112 HP) ndi VGT 28231 - 27900 (mphamvu 151 HP).
Chophimbacho chimapangidwa ndi chitsulo cha ductile. Ma cylinders amatopa mkati mwa chipikacho.
Aluminium alloy silinda mutu. Ili ndi ma valve 16 ndi camshaft imodzi (SOHC).
Chitsulo cha Crankshaft, chopangidwa. Imakhala pa nsanamira zisanu.
Ma pistoni ndi aluminiyamu, ndi kuziziritsa kwamkati mkati ndi mafuta.
Kuthamanga kwambiri kwa mafuta pampu yoyendetsa galimoto, kuchokera ku camshaft.
Kuyendetsa belt nthawi. Lamba wapangidwa kuti 90 zikwi makilomita galimoto.
Bosch common rail fuel system. Kuyambira 2000 mpaka 2005, kuthamanga kwa jekeseni wamafuta kunali 1350 bar, ndipo kuyambira 2005 kwakhala 1600 bar. Choncho, mphamvu yoyamba inali 112 hp, yachiwiri 151 HP. Chinthu chowonjezera pakukweza mphamvu chinali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma turbines.
Ma compensators a hydraulic amathandizira kwambiri kusintha kwa kutentha kwa ma valve. Koma iwo anaika kokha pa injini ndi camshaft limodzi (SOHC). Kutentha kwa ma valve pamitu ya silinda yokhala ndi ma camshaft awiri (DOHC) kumayendetsedwa ndi kusankha kwa ma shimu.
Lubrication system. Injini ya D4EA imadzaza ndi malita 5,9 amafuta. Fakitale imagwiritsa ntchito Shell Helix Ultra 5W30. Pa ntchito, anasankha njira yabwino - Hyundai / Kia umafunika DPF Dizilo 5W-30 05200-00620. Wopanga amalimbikitsa kusintha mafuta mu makina opangira mafuta pambuyo pa 15 km kuchokera pagalimoto. Buku lachidziwitso la mtundu wina wagalimoto likuwonetsa mtundu wamafuta oti mugwiritse ntchito ndipo sikoyenera kuwasintha ndi wina.
Balance shaft module ili mu crankcase. Amamwa mphamvu inertial ya dongosolo lachiwiri, amachepetsa kwambiri kugwedezeka kwa injini.
Valve ya EGR ndi fyuluta ya particulate imakulitsa kwambiri miyezo ya chilengedwe cha utsi. Iwo anaikidwa pa Mabaibulo atsopano a injini.
Zolemba zamakono
| Wopanga | GM IZI |
|---|---|
| Voliyumu ya injini, cm³ | 1991 |
| Mphamvu, hp | 112-151 * |
| Torque, Nm | 245-350 |
| Chiyerekezo cha kuponderezana | 17,7 |
| Cylinder chipika | chitsulo choponyedwa |
| Cylinder mutu | aluminium |
| Cylinder awiri, mm | 83 |
| Pisitoni sitiroko, mm | 92 |
| Kugwedera damping | kusanja shaft module |
| Mavavu pa yamphamvu iliyonse | 4 (SOHC) |
| Hydraulic compensator | + |
| Nthawi yoyendetsa | lamba |
| Kutembenuza | WGT 28231-27000 ndi VGT 28231 - 27900 |
| Wowongolera nthawi ya valve | palibe |
| Mafuta dongosolo | CRDI (Common Rail Bosch) |
| Mafuta | dizilo mafuta |
| Kugwiritsa ntchito ma silinda | 1-3-4-2 |
| Mfundo zachilengedwe | Euro 3/4** |
| Service moyo, chikwi Km | 250 |
| Kulemera, kg | 195,6-201,4*** |
* Mphamvu zimatengera mtundu wa turbine yomwe idayikidwa, ** pamatembenuzidwe aposachedwa, valavu ya EGR ndi fyuluta ya particulate idayikidwa, *** kulemera kumatsimikizira mtundu wa turbocharger woyikidwa.
Kudalirika, zofooka, kusakhazikika
Chikhalidwe chilichonse chaumisiri sichidzapereka chithunzi chonse cha injini mpaka zinthu zitatu zazikulu zomwe zikuwonetsa kuthekera kwa gawo lamagetsi zimaganiziridwa.
Kudalirika
Pankhani ya kudalirika kwa injini, malingaliro a oyendetsa si omveka. Kwa wina, amayamwitsa makilomita 400 zikwi popanda lingaliro pang'ono kuti n'zotheka kukonza oyambirira, munthu kale pambuyo 150 zikwi Km akuyamba kukonza yaikulu.
Madalaivala ambiri amanena motsimikiza kuti ngati malangizo onse omwe amaperekedwa ndi wopanga kukonza ndi kuyendetsa galimoto akutsatiridwa, akhoza kupitirira kwambiri zomwe zalengezedwa.
Zofunikira zapadera zimayikidwa pamtundu wamadzimadzi aukadaulo, makamaka mafuta ndi dizilo. Inde, mu Russian Federation (ndi maiko ena omwe kale anali CIS) mafuta ndi mafuta sizimayenderana ndi miyezo nthawi zonse, koma ichi si chifukwa chothira mafuta oyambirira omwe amakumana nawo pa malo opangira mafuta mu thanki yamafuta. Zotsatira zogwiritsa ntchito mafuta a dizilo otsika kwambiri pachithunzichi.
Izi zimangowonjezeranso kusinthidwa mobwerezabwereza kwa zinthu zamakina amafuta, kukwera pafupipafupi (osati kwaulere) kupita kumalo ochitirako chithandizo, zowunikira zosafunikira zamagalimoto, ndi zina zambiri. Mophiphiritsa, "mafuta a dizilo" ochokera kuzinthu zokayikitsa amasintha kukhala ndalama zambiri za ruble kukonza injini.
D4EA imakhudzidwanso kwambiri ndi mtundu wamafuta. Kuwonjezera mafuta ndi mitundu yosavomerezeka kumabweretsa zotsatira zosasinthika. Pankhaniyi, kukonzanso kwa injini sikungapeweke.
Chifukwa chake, mavuto onse agalimoto amayamba kuwonekera pokhapokha atagwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika ndipo malingaliro a wopanga samatsatiridwa. Injini yokha ndi yodalirika komanso yolimba.
Mawanga ofooka
Galimoto iliyonse ili ndi zofooka zake. D4EA ilinso nawo. Chimodzi mwa zowopsa kwambiri ndi kuthekera kwa mafuta. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kutsekeka kwa crankcase ventilation system. Mtundu woyamba (112 hp) wa injini analibe cholekanitsa mafuta. Zotsatira zake, mafuta ochulukirapo adasonkhana pachivundikiro cha valve, ena amalowa m'zipinda zoyaka. Panali kutaya mafuta wamba.
Kupumira kotsekeka kwa mpweya wabwino kunathandizira kupanga mpweya wochulukirapo mu crankcase. Izi zimatha pofinya mafuta kudzera m'zisindikizo zosiyanasiyana, monga zosindikizira zamafuta a crankshaft.
Amakumana zotsuka zomata zopsereza pansi pa mphuno. Ngati kusagwira ntchito sikudziwika mu nthawi, mutu wa silinda umawonongeka. Choyamba, zisa zomwe zimatera zimavutika. Nozzles akhoza kupereka vuto lina - ngati iwo watopa, ntchito khola injini kusokonezedwa, ndipo chiyambi chake chikuipiraipira. Chifukwa cha kuvala nthawi zambiri sipamwamba mafuta a dizilo.
Pambuyo pakuyenda kwanthawi yayitali pama motors ena, zimazindikirika rotor yapampu yamadzi yopanikizana. Choopsa chagona pakuthyoka kwa lamba wa nthawi ndi zotsatira zake zonse.
Lamba wa nthawi ali ndi moyo waufupi wautumiki (90 km). Pakusweka kwake, ma valve amapindika, ndipo izi ndizokonzanso kwambiri mphamvu yamagetsi.
Si zachilendo kukumana ndi vuto ngati Vavu ya EGR yakhala yotseguka. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti oyendetsa galimoto ambiri amaika pulagi pa valve. Kugwira ntchito koteroko sikubweretsa vuto kwa injini, ngakhale kuti kumachepetsa miyezo ya chilengedwe.
Pali zofooka mu D4EA, koma zimachitika pamene malamulo oyendetsera galimoto akuphwanyidwa. Kukonza nthawi yake ndi diagnostics a chikhalidwe injini kumathetsa zimayambitsa malfunction mu mphamvu unit.
Kusungika
ICE D4EA ili ndi kusamalidwa bwino. Chinsinsi cha izi ndi chotchinga chake chachitsulo chachitsulo. N'zotheka kunyamula masilinda ku miyeso yokonzekera yofunikira. Mapangidwe a injini yokha sizovuta kwambiri.
Palibe zovuta ndi zida zosinthira zosinthira zomwe zidalephera. Amapezeka muzosiyana zilizonse m'masitolo apadera komanso pa intaneti. Mutha kusankha kugula zida zoyambirira ndi magawo kapena ma analogi awo. Nthawi zovuta kwambiri, gawo lililonse logwiritsidwa ntchito ndilosavuta kupeza pama disassemblies ambiri.
Tikumbukenso kuti kukonza injini ndi okwera mtengo ndithu. Node yotsika mtengo kwambiri ndi turbine. Osatsika mtengo adzakhala m'malo mwa dongosolo lonse lamafuta. Ngakhale izi, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito zida zoyambirira zokha zosinthira. Analogues, monga lamulo, amapangidwa ku China. Ubwino wawo nthawi zambiri umakayikira. Misonkhano ndi magawo omwe amagulidwa pa disassembly nawonso samakwaniritsa zomwe amayembekeza - palibe amene angadziwe bwino zomwe zidatsalira za gawo lomwe lagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Nthawi zambiri pali zinthu pamene m'malo chinthu chimodzi cha injini kuchititsa kuvomerezedwa m'malo ena. Mwachitsanzo, pakagwa nthawi yopuma, kapena kusinthidwa kwa lamba wanthawi yake, wodzigudubuza wake ayeneranso kusinthidwa. Ngati opareshoni iyi inyalanyazidwa, chofunikira pakugwedeza wodzigudubuza chidzapangidwa, chomwe chidzapangitsanso kuti lamba liduke.
Pali ma nuances ambiri mu injini. Choncho, okhawo amene amadziwa bwino dongosolo la injini ali ndi luso pa ntchito imeneyi ndi zofunika zida zapadera angathe kukonza paokha. Njira yabwino kwambiri ndiyo kupereka kubwezeretsedwa kwa gawolo kwa akatswiri ochokera kumagalimoto apadera.
Mutha kupeza lingaliro la chipangizocho ndi magawo a disassembling injini powonera kanema.
Kutsegula
Ngakhale kuti injini amapangidwa poyamba anakakamizika, kuthekera kuonjezera mphamvu zake zilipo. Tikumbukenso kuti izi zikugwira ntchito kwa Mabaibulo oyambirira a injini (112 HP). Tiyeni tiyang'ane nthawi yomweyo kuti kukonza makina a D4EA sikutheka.
Kung'anima kwa ECU kumakupatsani mwayi wowonjezera mphamvu kuchokera ku 112 hp mpaka 140 ndi kuwonjezeka komweku kwa torque (pafupifupi 15-20%). Panthawi imodzimodziyo, pamakhala kuchepa pang'ono kwa mafuta ogwiritsidwa ntchito m'tawuni. Kuphatikiza apo, pagalimoto zina zimawonekera pamagalimoto (Kia Sportage).
Momwemonso, ndizotheka kukonzanso mtundu wa ECU wa injini ya 125-horsepower. Ntchitoyi idzawonjezera mphamvu ku 150 hp ndikuwonjezera torque mpaka 330 Nm.
Kuthekera kokonzekera mtundu woyamba wa D4EA ndi chifukwa chakuti zoikamo zoyamba za ECU pamalo opangira zinthu zimachepetsedwa mphamvu kuchokera ku 140 hp mpaka 112. Ndiko kuti, injini yokhayo idzapirira katundu wochuluka popanda zotsatirapo.
Kuti mukonze chip chamagetsi, muyenera kugula adaputala ya Galletto1260. Pulogalamuyo (firmware) idzaperekedwa ndi katswiri yemwe adzakonzanso gawo lolamulira.
Kusintha makonda a ECU kutha kuchitidwa m'malo apadera apadera.
Sikoyenera kuyimba injini zamitundu ina pambuyo pake, chifukwa kulowererako kudzachepetsa kwambiri moyo wa injini yoyaka moto.
Omanga injini aku Korea sanapange turbodiesel yoyipa. Odalirika ntchito pambuyo 400 zikwi makilomita kuthamanga amatsimikizira mawu awa. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kwa oyendetsa galimoto, kumafuna kukonzanso kwakukulu pambuyo pothawa 150 km. Zonse zimadalira maganizo pa galimoto. Ngati malingaliro onse a wopanga atsatiridwa, adzakhala odalirika komanso okhazikika, apo ayi zidzabweretsa mavuto ambiri kwa mwiniwake ndikuchepetsa kwambiri bajeti yake.
