Injini ya GM LS: zonse zomwe muyenera kudziwa

LS dziko!

Kusintha nthano yamtundu uliwonse ndi ntchito yovuta. Koma zikafika pa injini yotchuka ya V8 ya Chevrolet (yomwe idayamba kuyambira 1954 mpaka 2003 mumitundu ya Gen 1 ndi Gen 2, kupatsa mphamvu chilichonse kuchokera ku Corvettes kupita pamagalimoto onyamula), banja lililonse la injini lomwe likufuna kuyisintha lili ndi nsapato zazikulu. . .

Zachidziwikire, zoyembekeza zogwira ntchito komanso kutulutsa mpweya sikuli kofunikira, ndipo pamapeto pake, Chevrolet idafunikira m'malo mwa chipika chaching'ono choyambirira chomwe chimathetsa mavutowo. Chotsatira chake chinali banja la injini ya LS.

Kupanga kwa chipika chaching'ono ndi mtundu wa LS kudapitilira zaka zingapo (makamaka ku US), ndipo mtundu woyamba wa LS udawonekera mu 1997.

Chizindikiro ichi, chomwe chimadziwikanso kuti injini ya Gen 3, chinapangidwa kuti chisiyanitse V8 yatsopano kuchokera ku mapangidwe ang'onoang'ono a Gen 1 ndi Gen 2.

Banja la injini ya LS V8 limapezeka mumitundu yonse ya aluminiyamu ndi chitsulo choponyedwa, kusamuka kosiyanasiyana, komanso masanjidwe onse achilengedwe komanso okwera kwambiri.

Monga injini yoyambira ya Chevy V8, injini ya LS imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mamiliyoni amagalimoto ochokera kumitundu yosiyanasiyana ya GM, kuphatikiza magalimoto ndi magalimoto opepuka amalonda.

Ku Australia, takhala ochepa (m'lingaliro la fakitale) ku mtundu wa LS alloy muzinthu zamtundu wa Holden, magalimoto a HSV, ndi Chevrolet Camaro aposachedwa.

Kwa kanthawi kochepa, HSV inasintha Camaros kukhala yoyendetsa kumanja.

M'njira, Australian Holdens adalumikizidwa ndi kubwereza koyamba kwa 1-lita LS5.7, kuyambira 2 VT Series 1999, yomwe idadzitamandira ndi 220kW ndi 446Nm ya torque pa liwiro la 4400rpm.

VX Commodore yamtundu wa V8 idagwiritsanso ntchito LS1, yomwe ikuwonjezera mphamvu pang'ono kufika 225kW ndi 460Nm. Holden anapitirizabe kugwiritsa ntchito injini yomweyi pamitundu yake ya SS ndi V8 pamene Commodore inasinthiratu mitundu ya VY ndi VZ, yomwe ili ndi mphamvu zokwana 250kW ndi 470Nm.

2004 Holden VZ Commodore SS.

Zaposachedwa kwambiri za VZ Commodores adavumbulutsanso mtundu wa L76 wa injini ya LS, yomwe inali ndi kusamutsidwa okwana malita 6.0 ndikuwonjezera pang'ono mphamvu mpaka 260 kW koma kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa torque mpaka 510 Nm.

Zogwirizana kwambiri ndi zomwe zimadziwikanso kuti injini ya LS2, L76 inali chiwombankhanga chenicheni cha lingaliro la LS. VE Commodore (ndi Calais) V8 yatsopano yonse idatsalira ndi L76, koma mndandanda wa 2 VE ndi mndandanda woyamba wa Commodore waku Australia womaliza, VF, adasinthira ku L77, yomwe kwenikweni inali L76 yokhala ndi mphamvu yosinthira mafuta. .

Mitundu yaposachedwa ya VF Series 2 V8 yasinthira kukhala injini ya 6.2-lita LS3 (yomwe kale inali mitundu ya HSV yokha) yokhala ndi 304kW ndi torque 570Nm. Ndi kutha kwa ma module awiri komanso kusamala mwatsatanetsatane, ma Commodores oyendetsedwa ndi LS3 awa akhala zinthu za otolera.

Yomaliza ya Commodore SS idayendetsedwa ndi injini ya 6.2 lita LS3 V8.

Pakadali pano ku Holden Special Vehicles, injini ya LS-family yathandiziranso zinthu zochokera ku Commodore kuyambira 1999, ndikusintha kupita ku 6.0-lita L76 yamagalimoto otengera VZ mu 2004 kenako ku 6.2-lita LS3 yamagalimoto otengera VZ. . E-series magalimoto kuyambira 2008.

HSV yakhala ikusintha minyewa yake pakuthamanga komaliza kwa magalimoto ake a Gen-F okhala ndi mtundu wa Series 2 woyendetsedwa ndi injini yamphamvu ya 6.2-lita LSA yokhala ndi 400kW ndi 671Nm.

GTSR W1 idzakhala HSV yabwino kwambiri mpaka kalekale.

Koma sanali HSV yomaliza, ndi kumanga ochepa GTSR W1 ntchito dzanja anamanga buku la injini LS9 ndi malita 6.2, 2.3 lita supercharger, titaniyamu kulumikiza ndodo ndi youma sump kondomu dongosolo. Zotsatira zake zinali 474 kW mphamvu ndi 815 Nm ya torque.

Mainjini a LS oti azigwira ntchito ku Australia adaphatikizanso injini yosinthidwa ya 5.7kW Callaway (USA) 300L yamtundu wapadera wa HSV wooneka ngati VX, komanso galimoto yothamanga ya HRT 427 yomwe idabadwa ikufa yomwe idagwiritsa ntchito 7.0L LS7. injini mwachilengedwe, yomwe ma prototypes awiri okha adamangidwa projekitiyo isanathedwe mwachiwonekere chifukwa cha bajeti.

Malingaliro a HRT 427.

Zotulutsa zina zambiri za LS zilipo, monga LS6, yomwe idasungidwa ku American Corvettes ndi Cadillacs, komanso mitundu ya LS yopangidwa ndi chitsulo, koma sanafike pamsikawu.

Kuti mudziwe zomwe mukuchita nazo (ndipo izi zitha kukhala zopusitsa popeza zambiri za injini za LS zidatumizidwa pano mwachinsinsi), yang'anani makina ojambulira manambala a injini ya LS pa intaneti omwe angakuuzeni mtundu wa LS womwe mukuyang'ana.

Ubwino wa LS ndi chiyani?

LS imabwera mosiyanasiyana.

Injini ya LS yakopa otsatira ambiri pazaka zambiri, makamaka chifukwa ndi njira yosavuta yothetsera mphamvu ya V8.

Ndiwodalirika, wokhazikika, komanso wosinthika modabwitsa, ndipo imapereka mphamvu zabwino komanso torque kunja kwa bokosilo.

Gawo lalikulu la pempholi ndikuti banja la LS ndi lolimba. Pogwiritsa ntchito mapangidwe a Y-block, opanga adayika LS ndi zitsulo zazikulu zisanu ndi chimodzi (zinayi zomangirira kapu yonyamulira molunjika ndi ziwiri zopingasa mbali ya chipikacho), pomwe ma V8 ambiri anali ndi zipewa zinayi kapena ziwiri zokhala ndi mabawuti awiri.

Izi zidapatsa injiniyo, ngakhale munkhani ya aluminiyamu, kukhazikika kodabwitsa ndipo idakhala ngati maziko abwino kwambiri opangira mphamvu zamahatchi. Chithunzi cha injini chomwe chikuwonetsa kapangidwe kake kamene kamawonetsa posachedwapa chifukwa chake mapeto a LS ali odalirika.

LS nayonso ndi yaying'ono komanso yopepuka. Mtundu wa alloy wopepuka wa injini ya LS umalemera pang'ono kuposa injini za silinda zinayi (zosakwana 180 kg) ndipo zitha kukhazikitsidwa kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito zosiyanasiyana.

Ilinso ndi injini yopumira yaulere yokhala ndi mitu ya silinda yomwe imathandizira mphamvu zambiri kuposa katundu.

Ma LS oyambirira anali ndi madoko otchedwa "cathedral" amadoko aatali omwe amalola kupuma kwambiri. Ngakhale kukula kwakukulu kwapakati pa camshaft kumamveka ngati kunapangidwira ma tuner, ndipo LS imatha kuthana ndi camshaft yayikulu isanayambe kutsindika zina zonse zomanga.

LS imalemera pang'ono poyerekeza ndi injini za silinda zinayi.

LS ndiyosavuta kupeza komanso yotsika mtengo kugula. Kalekale, ma junkyards anali odzaza ndi ma Commodore SS osweka, ndipo ngakhale zinthu zasintha posachedwa, kupeza LS1 yogwiritsidwa ntchito bwino ndikosavuta kuposa kuthamangitsa injini ya 5.0-lita Holden.

LS nayonso ndiyotsika mtengo. Apanso, izi zasintha pang'ono kuyambira Covid, koma LS yogwiritsidwa ntchito sidzaphwanya banki poyerekeza ndi zina.

Kuphatikiza pa disassembly auto, classifieds ndi malo abwino kupeza LS injini zogulitsa. Nthawi zambiri, injini yoyambirira ya LS1 idzagulitsidwa, koma pambuyo pake palinso mitundu ina yachilendo.

Njira ina ndi injini yatsopano ya crate, ndipo chifukwa cha kufunikira kwakukulu kwapadziko lonse, mitengo yake ndi yabwino. Inde, injini ya crate ya LSA idzakupatsanibe zosangalatsa zambiri, koma ndiye malire, ndipo pali zosankha zambiri ndi injini za injini panjira.

Pakupanga bajeti, injini yabwino kwambiri ya LS ndi yomwe mungapeze pamtengo wocheperako, ndipo osintha ambiri amakhutira kusiya injini zomwe zagwiritsidwa ntchito momwe zilili, kutengera kulimba komanso kudalirika kwa unit.

Kukonza n'kosavuta, ndipo pamene ma spark plugs amafunika kusinthidwa ma kilomita 80,000 aliwonse, LS imakhala ndi nthawi ya moyo wonse (osati lamba wa rabara).

Eni ake ena adalekanitsa ma LS ndi 400,000 km kapena 500,000 km pa odometer ndikupeza injini zomwe zimagwirabe ntchito ndi zovala zochepa zamkati. 

Mavuto

Ma LS1 oyambilira mu Holden ena adakhala oyaka mafuta.

Ngati injini ya LS ili ndi chidendene cha Achilles, idzakhala valvetrain, yomwe imadziwika kuti imawotcha ma hydraulic lifters ndi akasupe a valve clog. Kusintha kulikonse kwa camshaft kumafuna chidwi m'derali, ndipo ngakhale zomasulira zamtsogolo zidavutitsidwabe ndi kulephera konyamula.

Ma LS1 oyambirira kwambiri ku Holden ankawotcha mafuta, koma izi nthawi zambiri zinkachitika chifukwa cha kusasonkhana bwino pafakitale yaku Mexico komwe anamangidwa.

Pamene khalidwe linakula, momwemonso chomaliza chinakula. Chophimba chachikulu, chophwanyika, chozama chimatanthauzanso kuti galimotoyo iyenera kukhala pamtunda wokwanira poyang'ana mlingo wa mafuta, chifukwa ngodya yaing'ono imatha kutaya kuwerenga ndipo mwina ndi chifukwa cha nkhawa yoyambirira.

Eni ake ambiri adalimbananso ndi mtundu wamafuta kuti achepetse kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta, ndipo mafuta abwino a injini ndizofunikira kwa LS.

Eni ake ambiri amafotokoza pisitoni ikugogoda ngakhale ndi injini zatsopano, ndipo ngakhale zokwiyitsa, sizikuwoneka kuti zimakhala ndi nthawi yayitali pa injini kapena moyo wake.

Nthawi zambiri, pisitoni kugogoda mbisoweka ndi yachiwiri giya kusintha masana ndipo sikunabwerenso mpaka lotsatira ozizira chiyambi.

M'mainjini ena, kugunda kwa piston ndi chizindikiro cha chiwonongeko chomwe chikubwera. Ku LS, monganso ndi injini zina zambiri za aloyi, zimamveka ngati ndi gawo chabe la mgwirizano.

Sinthani

Ndi 7.4-lita mapasa-turbocharged V8 okha mu Honda Civic… (Mawu azithunzi: LS the world)

Chifukwa ndi nsanja yodalirika, yosinthika makonda, injini ya LS yakhala yotchuka ndi ma tuner padziko lonse lapansi kuyambira tsiku loyamba.

Komabe, kusinthidwa koyamba komwe eni ake ambiri aku Australia a LS1 V8s adapanga kale kunali kuchotsa chivundikiro cha injini ya fakitale yapulasitiki ndikugwiritsa ntchito mabaraketi ovundikira masheya kukhazikitsa chivundikiro chazigawo ziwiri chowoneka bwino.

Pambuyo pake, chidwi nthawi zambiri chimatembenukira ku camshaft yaukali, mutu wina wa silinda, kulowetsa mpweya wozizira, ndikukonzanso makompyuta afakitale.

LS imayankhanso bwino pamakina otulutsa mpweya wabwino, ndipo eni ake achita bwino kwambiri pongoyika makina otulutsa aulere. Nthawi zina ngakhale dongosolo la mayankho limatulutsa kuthekera pang'ono.

Komanso, pafupifupi chirichonse chimene chingachitike ndi injini zachitika ndi LS V8. Zosintha zina zasiya jekeseni wamba wamafuta amagetsi ndikuyika ma LS awo ndi manifold okwera komanso carburetor yayikulu pamakongoletsedwe a retro.

Anthu adzaponya LS pa chilichonse. (Chithunzi: LS world)

M'malo mwake, mukadutsa zida zoyambira za LS, zosintha sizimatha. Tawonapo ma LS V8s amapasa ambiri komanso amodzi (ndipo injiniyo imakonda kuchulukirachulukira, monga zikuwonetseredwa ndi mtundu wa LSA wapamwamba kwambiri).

Mchitidwe wina wapadziko lonse lapansi ndi wokwanira ma LS mpaka chilichonse, kuyambira pamagalimoto othamanga mpaka magalimoto ammisewu amitundu yonse ndi makulidwe osiyanasiyana.

Mutha kugula makina okwera injini kuti mugwirizane ndi LS kumitundu yambiri yamapangidwe ndi mitundu, ndipo kulemera kwa aloyi LS kumatanthauza kuti ngakhale magalimoto ang'onoang'ono amatha kuthana ndi mankhwalawa.

Ku Australia, makampani monga Tuff Mounts alinso ndi zida zoyikirapo zosinthira zambiri za LS.

Kutchuka kwa injiniyo kumatanthauza kuti palibe gawo limodzi lomwe simungagule la LS V8, ndipo palibe pulogalamu yomwe sinagwiritsidwepobe. Izi zikutanthauza kuti msika wam'mbuyo ndi waukulu ndipo maziko a chidziwitso ndi ambiri.

Banja la LS litha kukhala lopangidwa ndi ma valve awiri, koma kutengera momwe lidakhudzira dziko lapansi, palibe injini zina za V8 (ngati zilipo) zomwe zingafanane nazo.