FSI (Volkswagen) injini - ndi mtundu wanji wa injini, makhalidwe

Injini ya FSI ndiyo njira yamakono kwambiri komanso yogwirizana ndi chilengedwe, yomwe timadziwa bwino ngati jekeseni wachindunji. Dongosololi linapangidwa kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 2000 ndi Volkswagen ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito ku magalimoto a Audi. Opanga magalimoto ena achitanso chitukuko chawo mbali iyi, ndi zilembo zina zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa injini zawo:

Renault - IDE;
Alfa Romeo - JTS;
Mercedes - CGI;
Mitsubishi - GDI;
Ford - EcoBoost ndi zina zotero.

Koma injini zonsezi zimamangidwa pa mfundo imodzi.

Makhalidwe a injini yamtunduwu ndi awa:

kukhalapo kwa njira ziwiri zoyendetsera mafuta - maulendo otsika komanso othamanga kwambiri;
pampu yamafuta yomwe imayikidwa mwachindunji mu tanki imapopera petulo mu dongosolo pamphamvu ya pafupifupi 0,5 MPa, ntchito ya mpope imayendetsedwa ndi gawo lowongolera;
mapampu amafuta amangoyerekeza kuchuluka kwamafuta, kuchuluka kumeneku kumawerengedwa ndi gawo lowongolera potengera deta kuchokera ku masensa osiyanasiyana, ma pulses omwe amalowa pampu amapangitsa kuti azigwira ntchito ndi mphamvu zambiri kapena zochepa.

Dera lothamanga kwambiri limayang'anira mwachindunji kupatsa cylinder block ndi mafuta. Mafuta amaponyedwa mu njanji ndi mpope wothamanga kwambiri. Kupanikizika mu dongosolo pano kumafika chizindikiro cha 10-11 MPa. Njirayi ndi chubu chopangira mafuta chokhala ndi ma nozzles kumapeto, mphuno iliyonse ikapanikizika kwambiri imalowetsa mafuta ofunikira m'zipinda zoyatsira ma pistoni. Mafuta amafuta amasakanizidwa ndi mpweya womwe uli kale m'chipinda choyaka, osati m'njira zambiri, monga momwe zimakhalira mumayendedwe akale a carburetor ndi jakisoni. Mu cylinder block, kusakaniza kwamafuta a mpweya kumaphulika pansi pa kupanikizika kwakukulu ndi spark, ndikuyika pistoni kuyenda.

Zinthu zofunika kwambiri pazigawo zothamanga kwambiri ndi:

mafuta kuthamanga chowongolera - amapereka mlingo wolondola wa petulo;
chitetezo ndi mavavu odutsa - amakulolani kuti mupewe kuwonjezereka kwamphamvu mu dongosolo, kutulutsa kumachitika potulutsa mpweya wochuluka kapena mafuta kuchokera ku dongosolo;
Pressure sensor - imayesa kuchuluka kwa kupanikizika m'dongosolo ndikudyetsa chidziwitsochi kugawo lowongolera.

Monga mukuonera, chifukwa cha dongosolo la chipangizochi, zinakhala zotheka kupulumutsa kwambiri mafuta ogwiritsidwa ntchito. Komabe, pa ntchito yogwirizana bwino, kunali koyenera kupanga mapulogalamu ovuta kulamulira ndikuyika galimoto ndi mitundu yonse ya masensa. Kulephera kugwira ntchito kwa unit control unit kapena masensa aliwonse kungayambitse zinthu zosayembekezereka.

Komanso, injini za jekeseni mwachindunji zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi khalidwe la kuyeretsa mafuta, kotero kuti zosefera zamafuta zimayikidwa pazifukwa zamafuta, zomwe ziyenera kusinthidwa motsatira malangizo omwe ali m'buku lagalimoto.

Ndikofunikiranso kuti injini zotere zipereke pafupifupi kuyaka kwathunthu kwamafuta, motero, kuchuluka kwa zinthu zovulaza kumatulutsidwa mumlengalenga pamodzi ndi mpweya wotulutsa mpweya. Chifukwa cha zopanga zoterezi, zinali zotheka kusintha kwambiri zachilengedwe m'maiko aku Europe, North America ndi Southeast Asia.

Mu kanemayu muwona ndikumva momwe injini yotentha ya 2-lita FSI imagwirira ntchito ndi kuthamanga kwa 100 km.