DOT pa tayala, i.e. chaka chopanga matayala - fufuzani ngati tsiku la kupanga ndilofunika.

Mukayang'ana zambiri zokhudza zaka za matayala, posachedwa mudzapeza chizindikiro cha DOT. ichi ndi chiyani? Ichi ndi chidule cha Dipatimenti ya Transport, kutanthauza "Faculty of Transport" mu Chipolishi. Chaka chopanga matayala nthawi zonse chimawonetsedwa pambiri pamaso pa chidule cha DOT. Kodi chizindikirochi chikuwoneka bwanji ndipo chimatanthauza chiyani? Kuti mudziwe zambiri!

Kodi matayala apangidwa bwanji?

Mukayang'ana tayala m'mbali mwa khoma, muwona mawu oti "DOT" akutsatiridwa ndi ma code angapo. Kutengera wopanga, izi zitha kukhala:

• chizindikiro chodziwitsa za malo opangira tayala;
• sikelo kodi;
• chizindikiro. 

Malo omaliza motsatizana amakhala ndi manambala 4 (omwe kale anali 3) omwe amatsimikizira chaka chopanga tayala. Zitha kuchitika popanda kusiyana pakati pawo, komanso ndi malire ooneka.

Momwe mungayang'anire chaka cha tayala chomwe chimayikidwa pagalimoto?

Ngati mukudziwa kale nambala ya DOT ya tayala, kudziwa tsiku lopanga tayala ndikosavuta. Tigwiritsa ntchito chitsanzo. Mu mbiri ya tayala mudzapeza mndandanda wa manambala, mwachitsanzo 3107. Kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani? Nambala yoyamba, 31, imasonyeza sabata la kupanga matayala m’chaka chimenecho. Chachiwiri ndi kutha kwa chaka choperekedwa, mu nkhani iyi 2007. Kodi si zophweka? Komabe, zinthu sizikhala zazing'ono nthawi zonse. Chifukwa chiyani?

Momwe mungayang'anire zaka za tayala yakale?

Nanga bwanji magalimoto opangidwa 2000 isanakwane? Mwachidziwitso, iwo sayeneranso kufalikira chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mazunzo. Tiyerekeze, komabe, mwapeza chitsanzo chokhala ndi nambala 279 ndi makona atatu owonjezera kumapeto. Kuyamba si vuto chifukwa 27 ndi sabata la chaka. 9 ndi makona atatu kumbuyo kwa nambala zikutanthauza 1999. Opanga sankadziwa kusiyanitsa chaka kupanga matayala 80s ndi 90s. Chifukwa chake, zomwe zidapangidwa mzaka khumi zapitazi zazaka za 2000 zidayikidwanso ndi makona atatu. Kuyambira ali ndi zaka 4, adayamba kulowetsa chingwe cha manambala XNUMX ndipo vutoli linathetsedwa.

Zaka za matayala ndi malamulo, mwachitsanzo, matayala angakhale azaka zingati?

Anthu ambiri amadabwa kuti matayala angakhale akale bwanji. Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti, malamulowo samatchula zaka zovomerezeka za tayala. Simungakumane ndi zomwe wapolisi akunena kuti popeza muli ndi matayala azaka 8, akuyenera kusinthidwa. Mkhalidwe wa kuvala umatsimikiziridwa makamaka ndi kutalika kwa kuponda. Ndipo sizingakhale zotsika kuposa 1,6 mm. Ngati "DOT" pa tayala ikuwonetsa kuti ili ndi zaka zingapo koma osawonetsa kuti yawonongeka kwambiri, itha kugwiritsidwabe ntchito.

Kodi chaka chopanga tayala chimakhudza katundu wake?

Matayala ndi zinthu zodyedwa, kotero kuti savala ngakhale pagalimoto iliyonse. Bah, mulibe ngakhale galimoto imodzi pakati pa ma axle. Choncho, sitinganene kuti matayala ndi oyenera kusinthidwa pakapita nthawi. Zili ngati kunena kuti turbocharger m'galimoto kale zaka 10, ayenera m'malo ndi watsopano. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, imatha nthawi yayitali kwambiri. N'chimodzimodzinso ndi matayala, moyo umene makamaka umadalira chisamaliro cha mwini galimotoyo.

Kodi tayala lingakhale lazaka zingati kuti ligwire mokwanira?

Komabe, ndi ukalamba, ngakhale gawo lokonzedwa bwino lomwe, lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse, limatha. Ngakhale kuti moyo wa matayala sunadziwikiretu, makampani a matayala amanena nthawi yoti asinthe matayala. Kodi tikukamba za nthawi yanji? Ndi pafupi zaka 10 zakubadwa. Komabe, ziyenera kunenedwa mosapita m’mbali kuti matayala ochepa kwambiri adzakhalapo kwa zaka khumi. Chifukwa chake, chaka chopanga matayala sichikhala chofunikira kwambiri, ndipo m'malo mwake muyenera kulabadira luso lawo komanso mawonekedwe awo.

Moyo wa matayala - mtundu uliwonse umatha makilomita angati?

Opanga amawonetsa muukadaulo waukadaulo pafupifupi mtunda wamitundu ina. Zowona, sizingakhazikike molimba, chifukwa munthu amatha kukwera mofewa kwambiri ndipo matayala amakhala nthawi yayitali. Dalaivala yemwe amakonda kuyendetsa galimoto mwamphamvu amatopa kale matayala. Ndipo kodi zimawoneka bwanji mu manambala?

Ndi zaka zingati zomwe mungakwere matayala achisanu?

Chaka chopanga matayala chimanena zambiri za chikhalidwe chawo, koma osati zonse. Komabe, pankhani ya zitsanzo zachisanu, izi ndizofunikira. Rubber wokonzekera kupanga matayala oterowo ndithudi ndi ofewa. Choncho, zimauma pakapita nthawi, makamaka ngati mawilo sanasungidwe bwino. Komabe, zaka 6 ziyenera kukhala malire apamwamba a matayala achisanu. Zambiri zimadalira pamene asintha - ngati kutentha kumapitirira 10-15^oC, amatha msanga kuposa nthawi yachisanu.

Kodi matayala achilimwe amathamanga makilomita angati?

Mayendedwe a dalaivala amakhudza kwambiri moyo wa matayala achilimwe. Komanso musaiwale kusintha matayala ngati mulibe mikondo yolunjika muzolemba zanu. Kenako matayala amavala mofanana. Madalaivala nthawi zambiri amakwanitsa mtunda wa makilomita 60-100 zikwi pa matayala abwino achilimwe. Inde, chaka chopanga matayala sichingasonyeze kuti ali ndi zaka zoposa 10, chifukwa ndiye kuti khalidwe lawo limawonongeka.

Kodi matayala anthawi zonse amakhala otani?

Madalaivala omwe amagwiritsa ntchito matayala anthawi zonse amazindikira kuti amatha kuthamanga pang'ono kuposa matayala apadera. N'zosadabwitsa - ayenera kukhala osakaniza oyenera yozizira ndi chilimwe. Nthawi zina kusiyana kwa kutentha pakati pa nyengo kumatha kufika madigiri 50.^oC, kotero zimapangitsa kusiyana kwakukulu mu moyo wautali. Chifukwa chake, zitsanzo zabwino zanyengo zonse zimatha kuyendetsedwa mpaka ma kilomita 50.

Mukudziwa kale kufunika kwa chaka cha matayala. Ndipo momwe mungasungire matayala pamalo abwino kwa nthawi yayitali? Choyamba - kusamalira olondola mpweya kuthamanga matayala. Pewani mabuleki olimba komanso kuthamanga ndi matayala olira. Yesani kuzungulira mawilo nthawi iliyonse mukasintha gudumu. Onaninso zosungirako zolondola. Ndiye matayala adzakutumikirani motalika.

Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri

Momwe mungayang'anire chaka chopanga matayala?

Mudzapeza manambala a DOT pamphepete mwa tayala. Amatanthawuza magawo osiyanasiyana a matayala. Pamapeto pa code iyi, mupeza manambala anayi omwe akuwonetsa tsiku lomwe tayalalo linapangidwa.

Kodi tayala lili ndi tsiku lotha ntchito?

Zimaganiziridwa kuti matayala ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zaka 10, chifukwa ndi nthawi yomwe amasunga katundu wawo. Kuphatikiza pa zaka za tayala, kutalika kwa kuponda kwake ndikofunikira - ngati kuli kochepera 1,6 mm, muyenera kusintha matayala ndi atsopano.

Kodi chaka cha matayala ndi chofunikira bwanji?

Matayala ndi chinthu chogwira ntchito m'galimoto, chomwe chitetezo choyendetsa galimoto chimadalira kwambiri. Chaka chopangidwa chikhoza kusonyeza kuti tayala likufunikira cheke kapena kusintha kwathunthu. Akuti tayala likakhala ndi zaka 5, liyenera kuyang'aniridwa pafupifupi miyezi 12 iliyonse.