Ndi injini ziti zomwe mafuta amchere ali oyenera?

Pali wamba nzeru zamagalimoto: mafuta opangira ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mtunda wa makilomita 100 agalimoto, mafuta opangira theka mpaka makilomita 200, kenako mafuta amchere mpaka zitsulo zachitsulo. Kutsatira lamuloli kungabweretse zotsatira. Pongoganiza kuti mukufuna kupha galimoto yanu... M'nkhani ya lero, tiwona nthano zamafuta agalimoto ndikuwonetsa magalimoto omwe angagwiritse ntchito mafuta amchere.

Mwachidule

Mafuta amchere amaonedwa kuti ndi osatha ndi makina ambiri. Komabe, zimagwira ntchito bwino m'mayunitsi akale, ovala kwambiri, momwe zopangira zokhala ndi zowonjezera zowonjezera zimatha kutulutsa dothi ndikutsegula injini.

Maminolo ndi kupanga mafuta - kusiyana

Maziko a kulengedwa kwa mafuta aliwonse a injini ndi mafuta maziko... Timasiyanitsa ziwiri: mcherezomwe ndi zotsatira za kuyenga mafuta osapsa, ndi kupanga, opangidwa m'ma laboratories chifukwa cha kaphatikizidwe ka mankhwala. Mafuta amchere amapangidwa kuchokera ku mafuta amchere, pomwe mafuta opangira amapangidwa kuchokera kumafuta opangira mafuta. Kumbali ina, mafuta opangira semi-synthetic ndi ophatikiza onse awiri.

Kupanga mafuta

Ma Synthetics pakadali pano ali mu ligi yayikulu yamafuta amagalimoto. Ubwino wawo pa mchere umakhudzana ndi kupanga mamolekyu pawokha. Njira za kaphatikizidwe ka mankhwala, distillation, kuyeretsedwa ndi kulemeretsa ndi zowonjezera zosiyanasiyana zimapanga mafuta opangira particles ndi homogeneous amafanana kukula ndi mawonekedwe. Chotsatira chake, amaphimba ndendende zigawo za injini ndikuchepetsa kukangana pakati pawo, kuteteza gawo loyendetsa kuti lisavale. Chifukwa amamanga mpweya pang'onopang'ono mafuta opangira amalimbana kwambiri ndi okosijeni komanso kutayika kwa zinthu zake. Imalimbananso bwino ndi kutentha kwambiri - imasunga madzi mu chisanu komanso nyengo yotentha.

Opanga nthawi zonse akupanga ukadaulo wamafuta opangira, ndikupanga zowonjezera zosiyanasiyana, zoyeretsa ndi zobalalitsa. M'magulu apamwamba zowonjezera mpaka 50% kuchuluka kwa mafuta. Chifukwa cha iwo, ma synthetics a m'badwo wotsatira amasamalira zoyendetsa bwino kwambiri, kuwayeretsa kuti asaipitsidwe, kuwateteza ku kutentha kwakukulu ndi dzimbiri, komanso kuchepetsa kukangana.

Mafuta amchere

Mamolekyu amafuta amchere ndi osiyanasiyana - amafanana ndi mawonekedwe a geometric amitundu yosiyanasiyana, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti samaphimba mbali zonse za injini. Mafuta amtundu uwu ndi otsika poyerekeza ndi zinthu zopangira pafupifupi mbali zonse. Amakhala ndi mafuta oyipa kwambiri komanso oyeretsa, ndipo pakutentha kwambiri amataya kachulukidwe komanso kukhuthala.

Kodi mafuta amchere amagalimoto akale okha?

Yankho lalifupi ndi inde. Makina ndi akatswiri pamakampani a petrochemical amavomereza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta amchere kumangomveka pamagalimoto akale: achikulire ndi achichepere komanso omwe adapangidwa m'ma 80s ndi koyambirira kwa 90s. Magawo atsopano, omwe akuphatikizapo kale magalimoto kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 90 ndi 00s, ndi mapangidwe ovuta kwambiri kuti ma synthetics ndi semi-synthetics okha angapereke chitetezo choyenera.

Kodi kuipa kwa mafuta amchere ndi chiyani, mukathira munjira yamafuta a makina akale kumakhala mwayi. Mafuta amtundu uwu ali ndi zinthu zoyeretsa kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa sichimatsuka dothi lomwe launjikana mu injini. N’chifukwa chiyani timati zimenezi n’zabwino? Scale, soot, ndi madipoziti ena amapanga damu yomwe imalepheretsa kutayikira kuchokera pagalimoto yayikulu yama mileage. Kuwonongeka kwawo kungakhale kowopsa - kungayambitse kutayikira ndi kutsekeka kwa dongosolo lonse lopaka mafuta.

Komabe, posankha mafuta a injini kwa galimoto yotereyi, muyenera kumvetsera zili ndi zotsukira - katundu woyeretsa wa mafuta amadalira iwo, osati pamunsi. Kuphatikiza apo, zinthu zamchere zimatha (mochuluka kapena mochepera) kutulutsa zowononga mu injini.

Ubwino wosatsutsika wamafuta amchere ndiwonso awo mtengo wotsika... Injini yotopa imatha "kumwa" mpaka malita 2 amafuta pa kilomita 1000 iliyonse, chifukwa chake iyenera kuwonjezeredwa pafupipafupi. Pankhaniyi, kusankha mafuta amchere kungakupulumutseni ndalama zambiri. Makamaka mukaganizira kuti galimoto yakale, imakhala yokwera mtengo kwambiri kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito ... Kufinya kulikonse kwa makumi angapo a zlotys kuti muwonjezere ndalamazo kumatanthauza kusunga.

Posankha mafuta a injini, muyenera kutsatira lamulo limodzi: sankhani molingana ndi malingaliro a wopanga magalimoto ndi ... makaniko. Ngati katswiri akuganiza kuti "mafuta" osiyana akhoza kutsanuliridwa mu injini kusiyana ndi ntchito mpaka pano, ndi bwino kumukhulupirira. Kaya buku lagalimoto lili ndi mchere kapena mafuta opangira, ndikofunikira kufikira zinthu zamitundu yotsimikizika monga Elf, Castrol kapena Motul. Mudzawapeza pa avtotachki.com.

Mutha kuwerenga zambiri zamafuta amagalimoto patsamba lathu:

Kodi muyenera kusintha mafuta anu nyengo yozizira isanafike?

Ndi liti pamene muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta opangira?

Kusakaniza mafuta a injini? Onani momwe mungachitire bwino!