Sensa ya kutentha kwa gasi - ikugwirizana bwanji ndi fungo la kanyumba?
Zamkatimu
The utsi mpweya kutentha sensa kwambiri kawirikawiri amalandira chidwi eni galimoto, ndipo pachabe. Ganizirani ntchito zake, ganizirani zomwe zimayambitsa fungo losasangalatsa mu kanyumba ndikukambirana zosinthira ndi dongosolo la recirculation.
Zamkatimu
- 1 Carburetor ndi chirichonse, chirichonse, chirichonse ... - ndi utsi wa ndani?
- 2 Zifukwa zili kuti?
- 3 Miyezo ya kapangidwe ndi umuna
- 4 Matenda ndi maso anu
- 5 Kodi tingatani?
- 6 Kodi kuchepetsa ndende ya utsi?
Carburetor ndi chirichonse, chirichonse, chirichonse ... - ndi utsi wa ndani?
Galimotoyo imakhala ndi machitidwe angapo (kuzizira, kubwereza, kupereka mafuta, etc.), carburetor yomwe ili mu crankshaft crankcase, ma valve ambiri ... Simungathe kutchula zinthu zonse. Silinda block ndi crankshaft ya injini zili mu crankcase, ndipo carburetor ndiyomwe ili ndi udindo wopeza chisakanizo choyaka chazomwe zimafunikira. Amayang'aniranso kupezeka kwake kwa masilinda, komwe kuyaka kumachitika. Nthawi yomweyo, ntchito yovomerezeka ya mpweya ndi petulo isanalowe mu carburetor ndikuyeretsa.
galimoto carburetor
Kusuntha kwa pistoni ya injini kumayambira pamwamba pakufa, ndipo chisakanizo choyaka chimayamwa mu silinda. Vavu ili pamalo otseguka. Kenako, osakaniza ndi wothinikizidwa mu masilindala. Pistoni imasunthira kumalo otsika kwambiri, ma valve amatsekedwa mwamphamvu momwe angathere. Izi zimatsatiridwa ndi kuzungulira kwa ntchito pomwe kuphulika kwa mini kumachitika. Kusakaniza kwamafuta kuchokera ku carburetor, woponderezedwa ndi pisitoni, kumayatsidwa mu crankcase ndi spark kuchokera pa spark plug. Ndipo sitepe yomaliza ndikutulutsa zinthu zomwe zidagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Popeza kugwira ntchito kwa injini kumaphatikizapo kutentha kwakukulu, kuzizira kwapadera kumafunika. Izi zidzakulitsa moyo wa ziwalozo. Ntchito ina ya dongosolo lozizirira ndikuwongolera kutentha kwa mpweya. Carburetor ndi chipangizo chovuta kwambiri, kotero pakhoza kukhala zovuta zambiri momwemo.
Zifukwa zili kuti?
Ngati fungo losasangalatsa la chiyambi chosadziwika lawonekera mu kanyumba, ndiye kuti sizingatheke kulilimbitsa. Nthawi zambiri fungo la mpweya wotuluka m'nyumbamo limayambitsa kutayikira mu dongosolo, ndipo kuwonongeka kuyenera kuyang'aniridwa mu chipinda cha injini. Itha kukhala chitofu kapena njira yochotsera zotsalira za kuyaka yokha. M'magalimoto apamtunda ndi ma hatchbacks, fungo ili nthawi zambiri limalowa m'chipinda chonyamula katundu. Kutsegula chitseko chakumbuyo kapena zenera, ndipo kupsinjika kulikonse m'chipinda chino (chisindikizo chowonongeka) kumabweretsa kutulutsa mpweya, chifukwa chake, mpweya wa gasi umatulutsidwa.
Fungo la utsi mu kanyumba
Nthawi zina galimoto imanunkhiza ngati mazira owola, ichi ndi chizindikiro choyamba kuti chothandizira chawonongeka.. Chipangizochi chimalimbana ndi zinthu zovulaza zomwe zimapanga utsi. Chosinthira chothandizira nthawi zambiri chimalephera chifukwa chamafuta otsika. Komabe, ndithudi, chipangizochi chimakhala ndi nthawi yogwira ntchito. Kugwiritsa ntchito kolakwika kwa chothandizira kumabweretsa kuchepa kwa magwiridwe antchito a injini. Njira yowonongeka yowonongeka, mwachitsanzo, valve yosweka, sichidzakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino.
Fungo lokoma limasonyeza kutayikira kwa antifreeze, komwe kungathe kuthandizidwa ndi kuphwanya dongosolo lozizira. Koma ngati pali utsi wochuluka wotuluka mupaipi yotulutsa mpweya, carburetor mwina ndi yolakwika. Apanso, dongosolo lozizira lolephera likhoza kuyambitsa izi.
Miyezo ya kapangidwe ndi umuna
Tisanakhudze dongosolo lochotsa mpweya wotulutsa mpweya, chidwi chochepa chiyenera kuperekedwa ku katundu ndi mapangidwe a mpweya. Kuchulukirachulukira kwa utsi woyipa kumakhala kothamanga kwambiri. Izi zimathandizidwa ndi kuphatikiza kwa vacuum yamphamvu yokhala ndi liwiro lalikulu. Ndipo monga mukudziwa, zotsatira za poizoni wa carbon monoxide zingakhale zosiyana kwambiri kutengera ndende yawo.
Zotsatira za poizoni wa carbon monoxide
Tsopano tiyeni tikambirane za zikuchokera utsi, ndi mlingo amaona zovomerezeka. Utsi umenewu uli ndi zinthu zapoizoni - aldehydes, hydrogen oxides, carbon monoxide. Amakhalanso ndi ma carcinogens. Izi zikuphatikizapo mwaye ndi benzpyrene. Zonsezi zimafooketsa chitetezo cha m'thupi, ndipo utsi ungayambitsenso matenda a bronchitis, sinusitis, kupuma kulephera, laryngotracheitis komanso khansa ya m'mapapo. Zitha kuyambitsa kusokonezeka kwa dongosolo lamtima ndikuyambitsa atherosulinosis yaubongo.
Malinga ndi miyezo ya EU, chovomerezeka chovomerezeka ndi CO 0,5-1 g/km, HC - 0,1 g/km, NOx kuchokera 0,06 mpaka 0,08 ndi PM 0,005 g/km. Manambalawo anali apamwamba. Koma kuyambira lero mafuta akhala amtundu wabwino, pali machitidwe apadera obwerezabwereza ndi otembenuza, mlingo uwu watsika kwambiri.
Matenda ndi maso anu
Tiyeni tiyambe ndi danga lamkati, chifukwa nthawi zambiri ndi njira yotulutsa mpweya yomwe ingayambitse vuto lotere. Timatsegula hood ndikuphunzira momwe kugwirizana pakati pa mutu wa silinda ndi kutulutsa kotulutsa mpweya. Sizikusokoneza kuonetsetsa kukhulupirika kwa gasket. Nthawi zina amamva fungo la mpweya mkati mwa galimoto komanso chifukwa cha kusagwirizana kwa osonkhanitsa chifukwa cha zomangira zotayirira.
Tsopano tikufunika dzenje lowonera, apo ayi sizingagwire ntchito kuti tiphunzire pansi. Timayatsa injini ndikuyang'ana mosamala zinthu zonse kuti ziwonongeke. Timayesa muffler iliyonse ndi tank yogawa motsatana. Ngati chirichonse chiri mu dongosolo ndi zinthu izi, ndiye inu mukhoza kupita ku mapaipi. Pang'onopang'ono yendetsa dzanja lanu pa iwo. Osanyalanyazanso jombo la rocker, zikutheka kuti kutayikira kwake ndiko kudayambitsa vuto.
Kuyang'ana muffler kuti akutha
Chifukwa chake sichinapezeke, ndipo makina otulutsa mpweya alibe chochita nawo? Kenaka pang'onopang'ono pitani kumalo osungiramo katundu. Chofooka kwambiri apa ndi chisindikizo cha khomo, pakapita nthawi chimataya katundu wake wotanuka, ming'alu, yomwe imakhala yokwanira kuti iwonongeke. Kuti mudziwe komwe zotanuka sizikukwanira bwino, ndikofunikira kumamatira ndi tepi yoyera yoyera ndikujambula, mwachitsanzo, mzere womwe uli pamwamba ndi polishi wa nsapato mugawo losanjikiza. Timatseka thunthu ndikutsegula. Tsopano tikuyang'ana pa tepi yapansi, m'malo omwe mulibe utoto, zisindikizo sizikhudza modalirika.
Kenaka, timatembenukira ku mpweya wabwino, ndithudi, ngati zilipo. Onetsetsani kuti muyang'ane ma valve ake. Ndizomveka kuyang'ana pamwamba pa kukhalapo kwa dzimbiri. Koma panthawiyi muyenera kugwira ntchito mwakhama, chifukwa kuti mufike kuzitsulo, muyenera kumasula thumba lapulasitiki. Yang'anani zisindikizo zowunikira kumbuyo. N'zotheka kuti awonongeka kapena atayika.
Ngati chifukwa chake sichidziwikabe, ndiye kuti muyenera kumvetsera fyuluta ya mpweya ndi zisindikizo zakumbuyo zazenera. Zimawonongekanso pakapita nthawi ndikulola mpweya kudutsa kuchokera kunja. Kodi mukukayikira kuti dongosolo lozizirira ndilomwe limayambitsa? Kenako phunziraninso. Onani machubu onse, mwina akuchucha. Ngakhale kutayikira kwakung'ono mu dongosolo lozizirira kumawonjezeka pakapita nthawi, zomwe zimabweretsa zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri. Kapena mwina vuto lili mu carburetor?
Kodi tingatani?
Ngati makina otulutsa mpweya akutuluka, vutoli liyenera kukonzedwa nthawi yomweyo. Chosinthira cholepheretsa chothandizira chiyenera kusinthidwa. Nthawi zina ndikofunikira kusintha zisindikizo. Mwinamwake chinthu chonsecho chiri mu valve ya recirculation system, ndiye chipangizo chonsecho chiyenera kusinthidwa. Radiyeta yozizirira yolakwika? Lumikizanani ndi oyendetsa galimoto, vutoli liyenera kuthetsedwa ndi akatswiri. Izi zikugwiranso ntchito kwa carburetor. Ngati mwakonza zolakwikazo, koma zimanunkhizabe, ndiye kuti tikuyang'ana malo owola. Izi zimachitikanso.
Kulowetsa chosinthira cholephera chothandizira
Ngati mupeza chowunikira chotulutsa mpweya, ndiye kuti pali mwayi woyezera kawopsedwe kawo molondola momwe mungathere. Koma mosasamala kanthu za chizindikiro ichi, kuyeretsedwa kwa mpweya wowonjezera ku zinyalala zovulaza n'kofunika kwambiri osati m'chipinda chogona, komanso m'chipinda chogwirira ntchito, mwachitsanzo, msonkhano, chifukwa palibe njira yobwezeretsanso yomwe ingachepetse kawopsedwe kawo mpaka malire ovomerezeka. Chophimba champhamvu chingapereke zotsatira zofanana.
Zidazi zimagawidwa kukhala alonda, ng'oma komanso zodziwika kwambiri m'malo operekera chithandizo - kachitidwe kanjira. Ubwino wa njira yoyamba ndi yotsika mtengo. Amagawidwa malinga ndi kukwera pakhoma ndi denga. Chophimba chamtundu wa ng'oma chimakhala makamaka padenga. Makamaka yabwino ndi chipangizo ndi galimoto magetsi. Koma kuyeretsa mpweya pogwiritsa ntchito kanjira ndikothandiza kwambiri komanso kopanda ndalama.
Kodi kuchepetsa ndende ya utsi?
Tinaphunzira mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito injini yoyaka mkati, ntchito yoziziritsa mu ndondomekoyi, ndi njira ziti zochotsera mpweya zomwe zilipo, tsopano ndi nthawi yoti tikambirane chothandizira. Dongosolo la recirculation limapangidwa ndi valavu, yomwe, pansi pazifukwa zina, imaphatikiza mipata yamitundu iwiri - polowera ndi kutulutsa. Gawo la utsi limalowa muzitsulo, zomwe zimabweretsa kuchepa kwa kutentha kwa moto. Zotsatira zake, kuchuluka kwa nitrogen oxides mu utsi kumachepa. Valavu ya machitidwe osavuta obwezeretsanso amatsegula pansi pa ntchito ya vacuum. Panthawi idling, node iyi imasiya kugwira ntchito. Mu machitidwe ovuta kwambiri obwezeretsanso, valve yamagetsi yoyendetsedwa ndi kompyuta imayikidwa.
Chosinthira chothandizira chimasonkhanitsidwa kuchokera ku nyumba, chonyamulira ndi kutchinjiriza kwamafuta. Pansi pake ndi chipika cha ceramic cha ma longitudinal zisa za uchi. Pamwamba pa maselowa, zida zapadera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti zifulumizitse machitidwe a mankhwala mu converter. Zothandizira izi zimagawidwa kukhala oxidizing (palladium ndi platinamu) ndi kuchepetsa (radium). Chifukwa cha zochita zawo, kupangidwa kwa mpweya kumayendetsedwa. Ngati chipangizocho chimagwiritsa ntchito zigawo zonse zomwe zalembedwa, ndiye kuti neutralizer yotereyi imatchedwa chigawo chachitatu.
Chonyamulira chonyamulira cha neutralizer chili muzitsulo zachitsulo. Pakati pa zinthu izi pali wosanjikiza wa kutchinjiriza matenthedwe. Chosinthira china chothandizira chimatengera kukhalapo kwa sensa ya okosijeni. Sensa ya kutentha kwa gasi yotulutsa mpweya imayikidwanso patsogolo pake. Imatumiza zizindikiro zoyenera ku ECU, yomwe jekeseni yamafuta imayendetsedwa, ndipo kuchuluka kwake komwe kumafunikira pakuwotcha mwaye kumalowa m'dongosolo.
