Yesani galimoto ya Citroen Traction Avant: avant-garde

Galimoto yodziyendetsa yokha komanso yoyendetsa kutsogolo, 1934 Citroen Traction Avant ili patsogolo pamsika wamagalimoto. François Lecco adawonetsa mwayi wodabwitsa womanga mu 1936, wokhala ndi makilomita 400 mchaka chimodzi. auto motor und masewera amatsata mapazi a mbiri yakale.

Pafupi ndi kutentha kozizira kwambiri, thambo la mlengalenga ndi chipale chofewa chowuluka, mwina pali masiku omwe kuli bwino kutuluka mnyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale m'galimoto yazaka 74. Koma pa July 22, 1935, François Leko atatembenuza kiyi yoyatsira ndi kukanikiza batani loyatsira, mwini hoteloyo anadziŵa bwino lomwe kuti sakanatha kupirira masoka achilengedwe. Pamaso pake panali ntchito yofanana ndi ya Hercules - kuyendetsa makilomita 400 pa Citroen Traction Avant 000 AL m'chaka chimodzi chokha.

Zoposa mpikisano

Kuti akwaniritse cholinga chimenechi, ankafunika kugonjetsa makilomita pafupifupi 1200 tsiku lililonse. Ndizo zomwe adachita - adakhalabe ndi liwiro la 65 km / h, ndipo speedometer sinawonetserepo kuposa 90. Chifukwa cha maukonde amisewu, ichi chinali kupambana kwakukulu. Komanso, ku Lyon, Lecco ankagona pabedi lake nthawi zonse. Zotsatira zake, maulendo a tsiku ndi tsiku adatsata njira yochokera ku Lyon kupita ku Paris ndi kubwerera, ndipo nthawi zina, kungosangalala, kupita ku Monte Carlo. Tsiku lililonse, woyang'anira nyumba ya alendo ankagona maola anayi okha, komanso kugona kwa mphindi ziwiri panjira.

Posakhalitsa, galimoto yakuda yokhala ndi otsatsa malonda oyera ndi tricolor yachifalansa pazitseko inadziwika kwambiri. Anthu okhala m'mphepete mwa National Highways 6 ndi 7 amatha kuyika mawotchi awo kuti aziwoneka ngati Leko. Maulendo wamba anasokonezedwa kokha chifukwa cha kutenga nawo mbali mu Monte Carlo Rally, yomwe inayamba mu 1936 ku Portugal, komanso maulendo angapo opita ku Berlin, Brussels, Amsterdam, Turin, Rome, Madrid ndi Vienna. Pa July 26, 1936, speedometer inasonyeza 400 km - mbiriyo inatha, kutsimikizira momveka bwino kupirira kwa Traction Avant, yomwe inadzatchedwa "galimoto yachigawenga". Kupatulapo zovuta zamakina ochepa komanso ngozi ziwiri zapamsewu, mpikisano wa marathon unayenda bwino modabwitsa.

Chofanizira chopanda chobwereza

Galimoto yojambulidwa ndi chiwonetsero choyenera cha nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale iliyonse, koma idatayika mu chipwirikiti chankhondo. Chifukwa chake, Traction Avant, yowonetsedwa muholo ya Museum Henri Malater m'chigawo cha Lyon ku Rosteil-sur-Saone, komwe Lecco ankakhala mu 1935, ndi buku chabe. Komabe, ikufanana kwambiri ndi choyambirira. Ngakhale chaka chopanga (1935) ndicholondola, mtunda wokhawokha ndi wocheperako. Ndikosatheka kudziwa bwino nambala yawo chifukwa cha mita yolakwika ya Art Deco. Koma zida zina zonse zili bwino kwambiri. Tisanapite kokayenda mu Citroen wakuda, antchito awiri a nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale adangoyang'ana kupanikizika kwa matayala.

Ndi kuyendetsa pagalimoto koyenda kutsogolo, thupi lodziyimira palokha komanso mabuleki amadzimadzi, Citroen iyi idachita chidwi mu 1934. Ngakhale masiku ano, akatswiri ambiri amaganiza kuti ndi galimoto yazaka makumi atatu, yomwe, ngakhale, malinga ndi malingaliro amakono, imatha kuyendetsedwa popanda mavuto. Izi ndizomwe tikufuna kuyesa.

Sunthani mafupa akale

Iyamba ndi mwambo woyambira: tembenuzani kiyi poyatsira, tulutsani muzitsuka ndi kuyambitsa sitata. Injini ya silinda inayi 1911 cc imayamba nthawi yomweyo ndipo galimotoyo imayamba kunjenjemera, koma pang'ono. Zimamveka ngati gawo loyendetsa 46bhp Kukhazikika kumakhala "koyandama" pamiyala ya mphira. Zivundikiro zachitsulo ziwirizi, zomwe zili kumanzere ndi kumanja kwa dashboard, zimayamba kung'ung'uza ndi phokoso lachitsulo, posonyeza kuti palibe zisindikizo zakale za mphira. Kupanda kutero, sizinthu zambiri zomwe zingawonongeke.

Kufinya zowalamulira kumafunikira kuyeserera kochuluka kuchokera kwa ng'ombe yogwiritsa ntchito magalimoto amakono. Zikuwoneka kuti mzaka za m'ma 30, aku France anali ndi njira zochepa. Kuti musindikize bwino, muyenera kukhotetsa mwendo wanu kumbali. Kenako sinthani mosamala magiya oyamba (osalumikizidwa) ndi dzanja lamanja loyang'ana kumanja, kumasula cholumikizira, kuwonjezera liwiro ndipo… Traction Avant ikuyenda!

Pambuyo mathamangitsidwe ena, ndi nthawi kusintha magiya. "Ingosunthani pang'onopang'ono ndi mosamala, ndiye kuti sipadzakhalanso gasi wapakati," wogwira ntchito yosungiramo zinthu zakale anatilangiza popereka galimotoyo. Ndipo kwenikweni - chiwombankhanga chimasunthira kumalo ofunikira popanda zionetsero zilizonse kuchokera kumakina, magiya amatembenukira mwakachetechete wina ndi mzake. Timapereka gasi ndikupitiriza.

Pa liwiro lonse

Galimoto yakuda imachita bwino modabwitsa panjira. Zowona, kuyimitsidwa pamiyeso yamasiku ano sikungatheke. Komabe, Citroen iyi ili ndi kuyimitsidwa koyimirira kutsogolo ndi cholumikizira cholimba chokhala ndi akasupe amphepo kumbuyo (m'matembenuzidwe aposachedwa, Citroen imagwiritsa ntchito mipira yotchuka ya pneumatic mu kuyimitsidwa kumbuyo kwa Traction Avant, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yoyeserera DS19).

Chiwongolero chofanana ndi pitsa ya banja chimathandiza, ngakhale mosakhazikika, kuyendetsa galimoto panjira yomwe mukufuna. Sewero laulere lalikulu mokwanira limalimbikitsa kudulira chilolezocho ndikugwedezeka mosalekeza mbali zonse ziwiri, koma mumazolowera ngakhale mita yoyamba itatha. Ngakhale kuchuluka kwa magalimoto am'mawa m'mphepete mwa Mtsinje wa Saone posakhalitsa kumasiya kuwopseza mukafika kumbuyo kwa msilikali wakale waku France - makamaka popeza madalaivala ena amamulemekeza.

Ndipo izi ndizolandiridwa, chifukwa ziribe kanthu momwe tsiku lililonse Citroen yakale yokhala ndi mabuleki ochititsa chidwi ndi khalidwe la pamsewu, ngati mukufuna kuyimitsa, muyenera kukanikiza pedal kwambiri - chifukwa palibe servo, osatchulapo wothandizira zamagetsi. pamene braking. Ndipo ngati munayima potsetsereka, muyenera kuyimitsa chopondapocho nthawi yayitali momwe mungathere.

Dontho ndi dontho

Nyengo yosasangalatsa yachisanu ikuwonetsanso kudumpha kwina pakupanga zida zamagalimoto zomwe zidachitika pambuyo pa 1935. Ma wiper a Traction Avant, oyendetsedwa ndi batani lolimba pamwamba pa galasi lamkati, amangogwira ntchito bola mutayigwira. Posakhalitsa timasiya ndikusiya madontho amadzi m'malo mwake. Komabe, mphepo yamkuntho yogawanika mopingasa imapereka mpweya wabwino nthawi zonse ndipo, chifukwa chake, sichimatuluka thukuta ndipo sichiletsa kuyang'ana kutsogolo. Ndi mpweya, madontho a mvula amagwera pankhope za apaulendo, koma timavomereza kusokoneza kumeneku ndi kumvetsa modekha. Takhala kale pamipando yakutsogolo yabwino - yodzaza mwamphamvu, chifukwa kutentha sikukhala ndi mwayi wotsutsana ndi mpweya.

Nthawi zonse zimawoneka kuti mawindo ndi otseguka. Poyerekeza ndi magalimoto amakono, kutsekereza mawu kumakhala kovuta kwambiri, ndipo mukamadikirira pamawayilesi, mutha kumva odutsa akuyankhula momveka bwino.

Koma kuchuluka kwa magalimoto mumzinda, tiyeni tipite mumsewu - pomwe Leko adayendetsa ma kilomita ake. Apa galimoto ili mu chinthu chake. Citroen yakuda imawulukira mumsewu wokhotakhota, ndipo ngati simukankhira msilikali yemwe ali woyenera kwambiri, mutha kumva kuyendetsa bwino komanso kosangalatsa, komwe ngakhale nyengo yoyipa sikungapirire. Komabe, sikoyenera kuyendetsa makilomita 1200 patsiku kapena makilomita 400 pachaka.

mawu: Rene Olma

chithunzi: Dino Ezel, Thierry Dubois