Ma injini a FSI: zabwino ndi zoyipa zama injini a FSI

M'galimoto zamakono zamatayala anayi, mitundu iyi yomwe ili ndi makina oyendetsera jakisoni ikudziwika kwambiri. Lero, pali zosintha zosiyanasiyana.

Ukadaulo wa fsi umadziwika kuti ndiwotsogola kwambiri. Tiyeni timudziwe bwino: chodabwitsa chake ndi momwe chimasiyanirana ndi analog yake GDI?

Kodi FSI injection system ndi chiyani?

Ichi ndi chitukuko chomwe Volkswagen idapereka kwa oyendetsa galimoto. M'malo mwake, iyi ndi njira yamafuta yamafuta yomwe imagwiranso ntchito chimodzimodzi pakusintha kwofananira ku Japan (kotchedwa gdi) komwe kwakhalako kwanthawi yayitali. Koma, monga oimira nkhawa akutsimikizira, TS imagwiranso ntchito mosiyana.

Injini, yomwe ili ndi baji ya FSI pachivundikirocho, ili ndi ma injini opangira mafuta omwe amaikidwa pafupi ndi mapulagi - mumutu wamphamvu womwewo. Mafuta amalowetsedwa mwachindunji m'kati mwa silinda yogwirira ntchito, ndichifukwa chake amatchedwa "molunjika".

Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu pakati pa analogue akuwoneka ndikuti injiniya aliyense wa kampaniyo adagwira ntchito kuti athetse zolakwika za dongosolo la Japan. Chifukwa cha ichi, galimoto yamagalimoto yofanana kwambiri, koma yosinthidwa pang'ono, momwe mafuta amasakanikirana ndi mpweya molunjika mchipinda champhamvu.

Momwe injini za FSI zimagwirira ntchito

Wopanga adagawa makina onse m'magawo awiri. Makamaka mafuta amaperekedwa mokakamizidwa. Imafikira pampu yamafuta othamanga ndipo imadzipezera njanji. Pampu yamphamvu imatsatiridwa ndi dera lomwe kuthamanga kwake kumapangidwa.

M'gawo loyamba, pampu yotsika yamagetsi imayikidwa (nthawi zambiri mu thanki yamafuta), sensa yomwe imakonza kuthamanga kwa dera, ndi fyuluta yamafuta.

Zinthu zonse zazikulu zimapezeka pambuyo pompopu wa jekeseni. Njirayi imakhala ndi mutu wokhazikika, womwe umatsimikizira kuti jakisoni wamafuta akhazikika. Makina oyang'anira zamagetsi amalandila chidziwitso kuchokera ku kachipangizo kochepetsetsa ndipo imayatsa pampu yayikulu yamafuta kutengera mafuta omwe amagwiritsa ntchito njanji yamafuta.

Mphamvu yamafuta ali munjanji, momwe jakisoni wosakanikirana ndi silinda iliyonse umalumikizidwira. Chojambulira china chimayikidwa mu dera, lomwe limatumiza chizindikiro ku ECU. Zamagetsi zimayambitsa kuyendetsa kwa pampu yamafuta yamafuta, yomwe imakhala ngati batri.

Kuti magawo asaphulike chifukwa chapanikizika, pali valavu yapaderadera munjanji (ngati mafuta sakhala ndi mayendedwe obwerera, ndiye kuti ali mu thanki palokha), yomwe imathandizira kuthamanga kwakukulu. Zipangizo zamagetsi zimagawira oyambitsa ma jakisoni kutengera sitiroko yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazipilala.

Ma pistoni amayunitsiwa adzakhala ndi kapangidwe kapadera kamene kamatsimikizira kuti mapangidwe amadzimadzi amatuluka. Izi zimapangitsa mpweya kusakanikirana bwino ndi mafuta a atomized.

Chodziwika bwino cha kusinthaku ndikuti zimalola:

• Lonjezerani mphamvu ya injini yoyaka yamkati;
• Kuchepetsa mafuta chifukwa chokhala ndi mafuta ochulukirapo;
• Kuchepetsa kuipitsa, chifukwa BTC ikuwotcha moyenera, ndikupangitsa chothandizira kuchita bwino ntchito yake.

Kuthamanga mpope mafuta

Njira imodzi yofunikira kwambiri yamafuta amtunduwu ndi pampu, yomwe imapangitsa kukakamizidwa kwambiri. Pamene injini ikuyenda, chinthu ichi chimapopa mafuta mderalo, chifukwa chimalumikizana ndi camshaft. Zambiri pazomwe amapanga makinawo zafotokozedwera payokha.

Kupsyinjika kwakukulu pamayendedwe ndikofunikira kuti mafuta asaperekedwe kuzowonjezera zochulukirapo, monga mu jakisoni wa mono kapena mafuta omwe amagawidwa, koma kuzipangizo zokha. Mfundoyi ili pafupi kufanana ndi momwe injini ya dizilo imagwirira ntchito.

Kuti gawolo lisangolowa m'chipinda choyaka moto, koma kupopera, kupanikizika kwa dera kuyenera kukhala kwakukulu kwambiri kuposa kukakamiza. Pachifukwa ichi, opanga sangagwiritse ntchito mapampu amtundu wamafuta, omwe amangokakamira mpaka theka lamlengalenga.

FSI jekeseni wamagwiridwe antchito

Kuti chipangizocho chigwire bwino ntchito, kupsyinjika kokhazikika, galimotoyo iyenera kukhala ndi kusinthidwa kwa pampu ya plunger. Kodi plunger ndi chiyani ndikufotokozera mu ndemanga yapadera.

Ntchito zonse zamapampu zitha kugawidwa m'njira zotsatirazi:

1. Kutsamwa kwa mafuta. Plunger yodzaza masika imatsitsidwa kuti itsegule valavu yokoka. Mafuta amachokera kumalo othamanga kwambiri;
2. Kukakamiza. Chala cholowera chimasunthira mmwamba. Valavu yolowera imatseka, ndipo chifukwa cha kukakamizidwa komwe kumachitika, valavu yotulutsa imatseguka, pomwe mafuta amayendera njanji;
3. Kupanikizika. Momwemo, valavu imakhala yosagwira. Mphamvu yamafuta ikangochulukirachulukira, gawo loyang'anira limagwirizana ndi chizindikirocho ndikuyambitsa valavu yotayira, yomwe imayikidwa pafupi ndi pampu yamafuta othamanga kwambiri (ngati makinawo abwerera). Mafuta owonjezera amabwezedwa mu thanki yamafuta.

Kusiyana pakati pa injini za FSI kuchokera ku TSI, GDI ndi ena

Chifukwa chake, mfundo ya dongosololi ndiyomveka. Nanga, zimasiyana bwanji ndi zofananira kuti amatchedwa fsi? Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu ndikuti imagwiritsa ntchito mphuno wamba, yomwe atomizer yake siyimapanga vortex mkati mchipinda.

Komanso, dongosololi limagwiritsa ntchito kapangidwe kosavuta kopopera kuposa gdi. Mbali ina ndiyo mawonekedwe osasunthika a korona wa pisitoni. Kusinthaku kumapereka mafuta ochepa, "ochepa". Choyamba, gawo laling'ono la mafuta limabayidwa, ndipo kumapeto kwa kupsinjika kwa gawo, gawo lina lonse lomwe apatsidwa.

"Zilonda" zazikulu zama mota ngati awa, monga aku Japan, aku Germany ndi ena, ndikuti ma jakisoni awo nthawi zambiri amakhala coke. Kawirikawiri, kugwiritsa ntchito zowonjezera kumachedwetsa kufunikira koyeretsa pamtengo kapena kusinthitsa magawo pang'ono, koma pachifukwa ichi anthu ena amakana kugula magalimoto oterowo.

Zolemba zamagalimoto a FSI

Popeza wopanga aliyense amatchula dzinali, ndikuwonetsa kuti mainjiniya awo atha kupanga jakisoni "wopanda mavuto", chomwacho chimakhala chimodzimodzi kupatula kusiyana kwakapangidwe kakang'ono.

Ma mota a FSI ndiye malingaliro okhudzana ndi VAG. Pachifukwa ichi, mitundu yopangidwa ndi mtunduwu izikhala nayo. Mutha kuwerengera kuti ndi makampani ati omwe ali gawo lazovuta apa... Mwachidule, pansi pa VW, Skoda, Seat ndi Audi mutha kupeza mayunitsi amtunduwu.

Nayi ndemanga yayifupi yamavidiyo azilonda zofala kwambiri zamagulu amodzi amavuto:

Injini ya FSI yomwe idayambitsa zonsezi. Mavuto ndi zovuta za injini ya 1.6 FSI (BAG).

Mafunso ndi Mayankho:

Kodi FSI ndi TSI ndi chiyani? TSI ndi injini yoyatsira mkati yokhala ndi ma jakisoni a stratified. FSI ndi injini yokhala ndi makina awiri otsatizana amafuta (otsika komanso othamanga kwambiri) okhala ndi ma atomization amafuta mu silinda.

Kodi injini yabwino kwambiri ya TSI kapena FSI ndi iti? Kusiyana kwa injini izi ndi pamaso pa turbocharging. Injini ya turbine imadya mafuta ochepa, koma imakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso ndalama zowongolera.