Kodi immobilizer ndi chiyani ndipo imagwira ntchito bwanji?

The immobilizer ndi chipangizo chamagetsi choletsa kuba. Monga momwe dzinalo limatanthawuzira, ntchito yake ndikuyimitsa galimoto ngati injini yayamba mopanda chilolezo. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, zigawo za galimoto zolemala zimakhalabe zotsekedwa ngakhale kuti immobilizer ili yolemala kapena yowonongeka.

Mitundu yolimbana ndi kuba imapangitsa kuti injiniyo iyambike ndikuyendetsa pamtunda wamamita mazana angapo. Pamene galimoto ili pa mtunda wina kuchokera kwa mwiniwake yemwe ali ndi fob yapadera ya kiyi kapena khadi, injini imayima. Nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika pamalo odzaza anthu, ndipo olanda sangachitire mwina koma kusiya galimotoyo. Njira iyi ndi yothandiza, mwachitsanzo, ngati dalaivala adanyengedwa kuti achoke m'chipinda chokwerapo kapena kuponyedwa kunja kwagalimoto ndi injini kale.

Kodi immobilizer imagwira ntchito bwanji ndipo imalepheretsa chiyani?

Ma immobilizers amakono amaphatikizidwa mu kudzazidwa kwamagetsi kwagalimoto ndikuletsa ntchito zazikulu ziwiri zoyambira injini - dongosolo lamafuta ndi kuyatsa. Ntchito yake imatengera kutumiza / kuwerengera nambala yapadera, yofanana ndi momwe ma transponder amachitira m'misewu yolipira. Mu mawonekedwe ambiri, zinthu zazikulu za immobilizer iliyonse ndi:

• kiyi poyatsira (transmitter), fob kiyi yomwe ili ndi chip chokhazikika chokhala ndi code yokhazikitsidwa kale;
• Electronic Control Unit (ECU). Amawerenga zizindikiro kuchokera ku kiyi ndikutumiza malamulo ku machitidwe a galimoto;
• chipangizo choyatsira, chomwe chimaphatikizapo maulumikizidwe amagetsi amodzi kapena angapo. Chosinthiracho chimagwirizanitsa kapena kuswa mabwalo operekera mphamvu ndipo motero amatchinga zigawo zina zagalimoto kapena kuwalola kugwira ntchito.

The immobilizer imagwira ntchito motere: pamene dalaivala ayesa kuyambitsa injini, code encrypted kuchokera ku kiyi imatumizidwa ku kompyuta, ndipo imawerenga. Ngati zili zolondola, ndiye kuti makina oyambira injini adzatsegulidwa ndipo galimotoyo idzayamba kuyenda. "Makiyi" apamwamba kwambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro zachitetezo. M'malo mwake, ichi ndi chizindikiritso cha magawo awiri, momwe muli cipher okhazikika ndi chachiwiri, kusintha chimodzi. Nthawi iliyonse injini ikayambika, kompyuta imapanga nambala yachiwiri ndikuisunga pamtima. Chifukwa chake, woyimitsayo amawerenga kachidindo kaye kenaka ndikufunsa kuti aperekeko.

Mitundu ina ya immobilizers imafuna kulowa pamanja pa PIN code, ina imatha kuwongoleredwa pogwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu a smartphone kudzera pa Bluetooth. Palinso machitidwe amene paokha amaletsa chiyambi cha injini pambuyo anakonzeratu nthawi.

Kuti mudziwe ngati galimotoyo ili ndi makina osindikizira a fakitale, ingoyang'anani buku la eni ake. Idzakhala ndi chidziwitso cha mtundu wa dongosolo ndi momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito. Pogula galimoto "kuchokera m'manja", mwiniwake wam'mbuyo angakuuzeni za immobilizer pogulitsa. Koma palinso njira "za anthu". Kuti muchite izi, fungulo limakulungidwa mwamphamvu ndi zojambulazo za chakudya ndikulowetsedwa mumoto. Ngati galimoto sichiyamba, ndiye kuti immobilizer imayikidwa. Komanso, kupezeka kwa dongosololi kungafufuzidwe poyitana wogulitsa.

Mitundu ya immobilizers

Pali mitundu ingapo ya ma immobilizer omwe amasiyana:

• njira yotsegulira - kukhudzana (ndi kiyi yolumikizana, nambala ndi chala) komanso osalumikizana;
• mtundu wa kukhazikitsa - muyezo kuchokera ku fakitale ndi zina;
• kufalitsa chizindikiro - static kapena dynamic. Pachiyambi choyamba, code imodzi yosasinthika imafalitsidwa, yachiwiri - yosintha.

Ndi kiyi yolumikizana. Imayendetsedwa kudzera mu kukhudzana ndi thupi - ndiye kuti, panthawi yomwe fungulo limalowetsedwa mu chosinthira choyatsira. Izi ndi zitsanzo zoyamba komanso zosavuta. Ntchito yawo imachokera pa mfundo yosavuta yotseka / kutsegulira mauthenga, ndikutsatiridwa ndi kukonza ndi kutumiza chizindikiro chamagetsi. Chipangizo cholumikizira chikhoza kukhala chamtundu uliwonse - kuchokera pamapiritsi akale (monga kuchokera pa intercom) kupita ku makiyi odziwika bwino.

Kodi. Ma immobilizers oterewa amatha kuonedwa ngati kukhudzana. Kuti muwatsegule, simuyenera kungolumikiza chowerengera cha chip, komanso kuyika nambala yowonjezera ya PIN pa kiyibodi yapadera. M'makina ena, kuti mutsegule ndikofunikira kukanikiza, mwachitsanzo, pedal nthawi zingapo, zofanana ndi nambala yoyamba ya code.

Zala immobilizers. Dongosolo loterolo limazindikiritsa eni ake malinga ndi data ya biometric, yomwe ndi chala. Ngati deta ikugwirizana, ndiye kuti dongosololi lidzagwira ntchito. Ngati dalaivala atakakamizidwa kuti awerenge zomwe zili pachiwopsezo, ntchito ya "zosokoneza" imaperekedwa. Kenako injiniyo idzatsegulidwa ndipo idzagwira ntchito kwakanthawi, koma posachedwa idzayima.

Ma immobilizers osalumikizana. Ili ndilo gulu lonse la machitidwe amakono omwe makamaka amasiyana mosiyanasiyana. Kutengera ndi muyezo womaliza, amatha kugawidwa m'magulu amfupi, otalikirapo (okhala ndi wailesi) ndi zowongolera zazitali zokhala ndi sensor yoyenda. Makiyi akuthupi amatha kukhala ngati makiyi, kirediti kadi, kapena mtundu wina uliwonse. Amagwira ntchito kudzera mu mlongoti wolandira - kachipangizo kakang'ono kamene kamabisika mkati mwa mkati. Mitundu ya machitidwe oterowo ndi ma centimita angapo kuchokera pa mlongoti mpaka 1-5 m.

Ndi immobilizer iti yomwe ili bwino?

Ngati mukufuna kukonzekeretsa galimoto yanu ndi zida zapamwamba kwambiri zotsutsana ndi kuba kapena chowongolera chomwe chilipo chiyenera kusinthidwa, ndiye kuti pali njira ziwiri - sankhani nokha kapena kulumikizana ndi akatswiri. Kuyika, komabe, ndi bwino kukhulupirira akatswiri mulimonsemo - ndizodalirika. Ngati mwasankha kusankha immobilizer nokha, apa pali malangizo ena:

• Yang'anani makhalidwe: chiwerengero cha madera otetezera, mtundu wa kulamulira, njira yotsekera injini, mtundu wa chizindikiro, ntchito zowonjezera (nthawi zambiri chitetezo ndi ntchito), kukhalapo kwa ma modules owonjezera;
• Osapereka zokonda kuzinthu zotetezera bajeti kuchokera kwa opanga odziwika pang'ono;
• Samalani nthawi ya chitsimikizo, pankhani ya machitidwe apamwamba ndi zaka 3;
• Kukhalapo kwa ma aligorivimu odana ndi kuba (amateteza kuba akayimitsidwa pamagetsi);
• Malizitsani immobilizer ndi alamu yagalimoto.

Ngati ndi kotheka kukhazikitsa unit control pansi pa nyumba ya galimoto, ndiye musakane njira iyi, chifukwa izi zimatsimikizira chitetezo chodalirika. Pakukhazikitsa dongosolo kapena mukuchita ntchitoyi, phunzirani malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito, komanso dziwani ndi chithunzi cha mawaya. Ngati mukukhudzidwa kwambiri ndi chitetezo chakuba galimoto, ndiye kunyamula fob kiyi ndi transponder (ngati si Keyless dongosolo) mu mtolo osiyana kapena mkati jekete thumba. Ngati itatayika, immobilizer iyenera kulembedwanso.

Mndandanda wa opanga ma immobilizers ndi ambiri. Ngakhale makampani ang'onoang'ono amalowa pamsika nthawi ndi nthawi. Machitidwe ambiri odana ndi kuba akupangidwa ndi opanga ku Asia, koma malonda awo sapezeka konse m'misika ya ku Ulaya. Mitundu Yodziwika Kwambiri:

• Starline;
• Mzimu;
• Pandect.

Pafupifupi zitsanzo za bajeti zamakina oteteza zitha kupezeka pansi pa mayina amtundu wa Pandora, Tiger, Tomahawk, Raptor. Komabe, kumbukirani kuti mitundu yambiri ya bajeti idapangidwa kuti ibwezeretsenso m'malo mopereka chitetezo champhamvu ku kuba.

Onaninso

Lonjezani Poyankha