Kodi fuse yamagetsi ndi chiyani ndipo imagwira ntchito bwanji?

Zida zambiri zamagetsi m'nyumba mwanu zili ndi chitetezo chifukwa cha fusesi.

Nthawi zonse mukakumana ndi mafunde akulu akulu koma mukupeza kuti soketi yanu yowonjezera sinatenthedwe, fusesi, ngati itagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndiye gawo lomwe limatsimikizira kuti ndi choncho.

Kodi fuse ndi chiyani ndipo imagwira ntchito bwanji?

Wotsogolera wathu akuyesera kuyankha mafunsowa lero pamene tikupereka zonse zomwe muyenera kudziwa za imodzi, kuphatikizapo mitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso momwe fusesi imasiyanirana ndi woyendetsa dera.

Tiyeni tipite ku bizinesi.

Kodi fuse ndi chiyani?

Fuse yamagetsi ndi kachipangizo kakang'ono kamene kamakhala ndi kachitsulo kakang'ono kamene kamateteza nyumba ndi zipangizo zamagetsi kuti zisawonongeke kwambiri. Ichi ndi chipangizo chamagetsi choteteza magetsi chomwe chimadula mphamvu ku chipangizo kapena magetsi pamene madzi akudutsa kuposa mtengo wovomerezeka.

Magetsi si chinthu chokhacho chomwe chimadzetsa chiwopsezo chamagetsi kwa ife. Monga momwe anthu ali ndi mphamvu yochulukirapo yomwe imatha kudutsa m'thupi popanda kufa, zida zanu zamagetsi ndi makina nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi mavotedwe awo apano ndi magetsi. 

Mphamvu zamagetsi zikadutsa malire awa, makina anu amagetsi amawonongeka kwambiri. M’nyumba ndi m’mabizinesi, zimenezi zikutanthauza kuwononga ndalama zambiri kukonzanso kapenanso kusintha zipangizo ndi zipangizo zodula. 

Nthawi zina kuphulika koteroko, pamene palibe chitetezo, kungayambitse ngakhale moto komanso kukhala woopsa kwambiri kwa munthu. Kuti muteteze ku zotsatira zoyipa za overcurrent, fuse imalowa.

Kodi fuse imachita chiyani?

Kuteteza ku kukwera kwa mphamvu, kachingwe kakang'ono kamene kali mu fusesi kamasungunuka ndikuphwanya dera. Choncho, kutuluka kwa magetsi kupita ku zigawo zina mu dera kumasokonekera ndipo zigawozi zimapulumutsidwa kuti ziwotchedwe. Fuseyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati wozunzidwa chifukwa chachitetezo chambiri. 

Kondakitala woonda ndi waya wamkati kapena chinthu chopangidwa ndi zinki, mkuwa, kapena aluminiyamu, komanso zitsulo zina zodziwikiratu.

Fuseyi imayikidwa mndandanda mu dera kuti zonse zamakono ziziyendamo. Mu fuse yomweyi, mawaya amayikidwa pakati pa ma terminals awiri ndikulumikizana ndi ma terminals kumapeto onse awiri. 

Kuphatikiza pa kuwombedwa chifukwa cha mphamvu zochulukirapo, ma fuse amawombanso pakakhala dera lalifupi kapena cholakwika chapansi.

Kuwonongeka kwapansi kumachitika pamene pali wotsogolera wachilendo mudera lomwe amagwira ntchito ngati malo ena.

Dera lalifupili limatha kuyambitsidwa ndi dzanja la munthu kapena chinthu chilichonse chachitsulo chomwe chimakhudzana ndi waya wamoyo. Fuse yamagetsi yopangidwira izi imawomba kapena kusungunuka.

Kupeza ngati fusesi yawomba ndikosavuta. Mutha kuyang'ana mitundu yowonekera kuti muwone ngati waya wathyoka, kusungunuka, kapena kuwotchedwa.

Mukhozanso kugwiritsa ntchito multimeter kuti muwone kupitiriza kwa fuse. Iyi ndiyo njira yolondola kwambiri yodziwira matenda.

Makhalidwe a fuse zamagetsi

Ma fuse amabwera m'mapangidwe osiyanasiyana komanso ndi mavoti osiyanasiyana. Kuyeza kwa fuse ndi kuchuluka kwa magetsi kapena magetsi omwe amatha kudutsa mu waya wake wachitsulo wopyapyala asanasungunuke.

Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zotsika ndi 10% poyerekeza ndi chipangizo chomwe fuseyi imateteza, choncho chitetezo ndi chokwanira.

Fuse imathanso kukhala ndi mphamvu zosweka komanso nthawi zosiyanasiyana zogwirira ntchito kutengera mtundu wa fuseyo.

mlingo wapano

Pakali pano ndiye kuchuluka kwapano komwe fuseyi idavotera. Kuchuluka kwina kulikonse pamlingo uwu kumabweretsa kutenthedwa kwa waya.

Komabe, chiwerengerochi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse pamodzi ndi voteji ndi nthawi yaulendo, zomwe zimadalira dera limene fuseyo imagwiritsidwa ntchito. 

Mphamvu yamagetsi

Mofanana ndi mawerengedwe amakono, voteji ya fuse ndi mphamvu yaikulu yomwe mzere wachitsulo ungagwire. Komabe, pozindikira izi, nthawi zambiri zimayikidwa pamwamba pa voteji yochokera kugwero.

Izi ndizofunikira makamaka ngati pali zida zingapo mumagetsi omwe amagwiritsa ntchito ma voltages omwe adavotera koma osiyana. Mphamvu yovotera nthawi zambiri imayikidwa pamagetsi otetezeka kwambiri. 

Chifukwa cha izi, mitundu yamagetsi apakati sagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mabwalo otsika kwambiri kapena makina kuti apereke chitetezo chodalirika chazinthu. 

Nthawi yankho

Fuse nthawi ndi kuchedwa kwachitsulo chisanapse. Nthawi yoyankhayi ikugwirizana kwambiri ndi mavoti apano kuti apereke chitetezo chokwanira. 

Mwachitsanzo, ma fuse wamba amafunikira gwero lamagetsi kuwirikiza kawiri mlingo wawo kuti uwombe mu sekondi imodzi, pomwe ma fuse othamanga omwe ali ndi mlingo womwewo ndi mphamvu amatha kuwomba mumasekondi 0.1. Fuse yocheperako nthawi imadula mphamvu pakadutsa masekondi opitilira 10. 

Kusankhidwa kwa iwo kumadalira chidwi ndi makhalidwe a chipangizo chotetezedwa.

Ma fuse othamanga kwambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mapulogalamu omwe ali ndi zida zomwe zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mafunde apano pang'ono, pomwe ma fuse omwe amagwira ntchito pang'onopang'ono kapena mochedwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'ma motors pomwe zigawo zake zimakoka kwambiri kuposa nthawi zonse kwa masekondi angapo. 

Kuthyola mphamvu

Mphamvu yothyola fuse ndi mlingo womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito m'matembenuzidwe a High breaking capacity (HRC). Ma fuse a HRC amalola kuti ma overcurrent adutse kwakanthawi ndikuyembekeza kuti achepa. Kenako amathyoka kapena kusungunuka ngati kutsikaku sikuchitika. 

Mwina munaganiza bwino kuti izi ndi zokhudza kuchedwa kwa nthawi ndipo malo opumira ndi omwe amaloledwa panthawi yochepayi. 

Pamene nthawi yochedwa yochedwa siinafike, koma mphamvu yowonjezereka ikupitirira, fuseyo imawombera kapena kusungunuka. Izi ndi mtundu wa chitetezo kawiri. Pachifukwa ichi, ma fuse a HRC amathanso kutchedwa ma fuse apamwamba kwambiri (HBC).

Palinso ma fuse a HRC okwera kwambiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mabwalo amagetsi apamwamba kwambiri komanso ma fuse a HRC otsika kwambiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakina ocheperako. Ma fuse a HRC otsikawa nthawi zambiri amakhala akulu kuposa ma fuse wamba.

Lama fuyusi kapangidwe

Kawirikawiri, kuwerengera kwa fuse kumatsimikizira mphamvu ndi mapangidwe ake. Mwachitsanzo, mu ma fuse amphamvu kwambiri mutha kupeza mizere ingapo kapena mawaya achitsulo, pomwe ma fuse ena amagwiritsa ntchito ndodo zachitsulo kuthandizira mzerewo kuti usagwedezeke.

Ena amagwiritsa ntchito zipangizo kuti athetse kugawanika kwachitsulo, ndipo mupezanso mawaya a riboni opangidwa kuti aziwoneka ngati akasupe kuti afulumizitse kugawanika. 

Mbiri ya Fuse

Mbiri ya fuseyi inayamba mu 1864. Apa m'pamene Breguet anaganiza zogwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chowongolera pamalopo kuti ateteze ma telegraph kuti asawombedwe ndi mphezi. Kenako, pachifukwa ichi, mawaya ambiri oyendetsa adapangidwa omwe amagwira ntchito chimodzimodzi ngati fusesi. 

Komabe, sizinali mpaka 1890 pamene Thomas Edison anavomereza kugwiritsa ntchito fuse mu machitidwe ogawa magetsi kuti ateteze nyumba ku mafunde akuluakulu amakono. 

Mitundu ya fuse ndi chiyani?

Kawirikawiri, pali magulu awiri a fuse. Awa ndi ma fuse a AC ndi ma fuse a DC. Sikovuta kumvetsetsa kusiyana pakati pa ziwirizi.

Ma fuse a AC amangogwira ntchito ndi AC pomwe ma fuse a DC amagwira ntchito ndi DC. Komabe, kusiyana kumodzi kwakukulu pakati pa awiriwa ndikuti mutha kupeza kuti ma fuse a DC ndi akulu pang'ono kuposa ma fuse a AC.

Tsopano magulu awiriwa a ma fuse amagawidwa kukhala ma fuse otsika kwambiri komanso ma fuse apamwamba kwambiri. Zosankha za fuse zenizeni zimasanjidwa m'magulu awiriwa.

Ma fuse otsika kwambiri

Ma fuse otsika ndi ma fuse omwe amagwira ntchito pamlingo wocheperako. Iwo akhoza kugawidwa mu mitundu isanu; ma fuse a cartridge, ma plug-in fuse, ma fuse okhudzidwa, ma fuse osinthira ndi ma fuse otulutsa.

• Ma fuse amagetsi osinthika. Ma fuse osinthika amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakina ogawa mphamvu m'nyumba ndi m'maofesi. Awa nthawi zambiri amakhala ma fuse okutidwa ndi porcelain okhala ndi chogwirira chomwe chimagwira ntchito pansi pa fuseyo. Amakhalanso ndi ma terminals awiri olandirira ndikutulutsa magetsi mozungulira, monga momwe amapangidwira wamba.

Ma fuse otsika amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyumba ndi maofesi chifukwa chosavuta kulumikiza ndikuchotsa pamunsi. 

• Ma fuse a cartridge: Awa ndi ma fuse okhala ndi zigawo zonse zotsekeredwa mu chidebe, pomwe ma terminals amawuluka okha. Ma fuse a cartridge amabwera mosiyanasiyana ndipo amakhala ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana.

Ma fuse a cartridge amtundu wa D amakhala ngati botolo ndipo amapezeka kwambiri muzida zing'onozing'ono. Nthawi zambiri amaikidwa m'mbale ya ceramic yokhala ndi malekezero achitsulo kuti aziyendetsa magetsi.

Ma fuse ndi ma fuse otsika kwambiri a HRC, pomwe ma fuse amawu amatha kusinthidwa mosavuta, monga momwe amalumikizirananso, koma amaphimbidwa ndi pulasitiki m'malo mwake. Ma fuse a blade amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamagalimoto.

• Mafusi owukira magetsi: Fusesi yowombera sigwiritsa ntchito kachingwe kakang'ono kosungunuka. M'malo mwake, imatulutsa pini yolumikizirana kuti ithyole dera komanso imagwiranso ntchito ngati chowonera chakunja kuti idziwe ngati fusesi yawomba.
• Kusintha ma fuse: Awa ndi ma fuse omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mumagetsi otsika okhala ndi ma switch akunja omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito kutseka kapena kutsegula njira yomwe ilipo. 
• Ma fuse otsikira pansi: Ma fuse otsikira pansi amatulutsa chingwe chosungunuka kuchokera pansi ndipo nthawi zambiri amapezeka m'makina otsika amagetsi oyimitsa magetsi. 

Ma fuse apamwamba kwambiri

Ma fuse apamwamba kwambiri amabwera mosiyanasiyana. Pali ma fuse a HRC amadzimadzi apamwamba kwambiri omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zamadzimadzi kuzimitsa arc.

Tilinso ndi ma fuse okankhira kunja omwe amagwiritsa ntchito boric acid kusokoneza ndondomekoyi, ndi ma fuse amtundu wa cartridge wa HRC omwe amagwira ntchito mofanana ndi anzawo otsika kwambiri. 

Kodi ma fuse ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti?

Ma fuse amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakina ang'onoang'ono ndi akulu a AC okhala ndi zosintha. Ma fuse okwera kwambiri omwe ali ndi ma voteji apamwamba kwambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagetsi amagetsi omwe amagwira ntchito mpaka 115,000 volts. 

Ma fuse otsika ndi apakatikati amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza makina ang'onoang'ono osinthira magetsi. Izi zikuphatikizapo, mwa zina, machitidwe a kanema wawayilesi, mafiriji ndi makompyuta. 

Komanso, kaya ndi kotheka kukhazikitsa fuse kulikonse mu dera, ndi bwino kuyiyika kumayambiriro kwa dongosolo. Ichi ndichifukwa chake mumawona ma fuse atayikidwa pamapulagi amagetsi kapena kutsogolo kwa cholumikizira chachikulu cha thiransifoma.

Kodi ma fuse blocks ndi chiyani?

Mabokosi a fuse ndi malo opangira magetsi omwe amakhala ndi ma fuse angapo omwe amateteza mbali zosiyanasiyana za nyumba yanu kapena ofesi. Amakhala ngati njira yokhazikika yachitetezo cha maopaleshoni ngati chimodzi mwazida zanu chilibe fuse yamkati. 

Nthawi zambiri mumawona mabokosi a fuse otchedwa switch panels kapena ma junction boxes, koma onse amachita ntchito yofanana. Amakhala ndi ma fuse asanu ndi limodzi mpaka khumi ndi awiri paokha. 

Ngakhale mabokosi akale a fuse okhalamo adangovoteledwa pa 60 amps, lero tikuwona mabokosi a fuse okhala ndi ma 200 amps. Ichi ndi chiŵerengero cha mavoti onse omwe ali m'bokosi.

Tsopano, mabokosi a fuse nthawi zambiri amasokonezeka ndi mabokosi ophwanyira dera.

Kusiyana pakati pa fuse ndi ma circuit breakers

Zowonongeka zozungulira zimagwira ntchito yofanana ndi ma fuse amagetsi; amateteza zipangizo zapakhomo ku makwerero amagetsi mwa kutsekereza dera. Komabe, momwe zida ziwirizi zimachitira izi ndizosiyana.

M'malo mokhala ndi mzere wosungunuka kapena wotuluka, ophwanya madera amagwira ntchito ndi zolumikizira zamkati ndi masiwichi akunja. Zolumikizana zamkati nthawi zambiri zimamaliza kuzungulira, koma zimasamutsidwa pakadutsa mafunde. Kuwongolera kwakunja kwa wowononga dera kumathandizira kuyika olumikizana ndi owononga dera kukhala chitetezo. 

Kuchokera pa izi mungathe kuona kuti ngakhale fusesi nthawi zonse amasinthidwa pamene akuwomba, oyendetsa magetsi angagwiritsidwe ntchito mobwerezabwereza. Mukungoyenera kuwakhazikitsanso. Mabokosi ophwanya dera amaphatikiza masiwichi ambiri m'malo mwa fuse. 

Nthawi yoti m'malo mwa fusesi

Fuse ikhoza kukhala moyo wonse ngati itayikidwa pamagetsi ovomerezeka ndipo palibe mawotchi amagetsi. Izi ndizofanana ngati sizimayikidwa m'malo onyowa kapena onyowa pomwe zimakhala ndi dzimbiri.

Komabe, muyenera kusintha ma fuse nthawi zonse pakatha zaka 20-30 mukugwiritsa ntchito. Uwu ndi moyo wawo wabwinobwino.

Kanema Wotsogolera

Kodi Fuse Yamagetsi Ndi Chiyani Ndipo Imagwira Bwanji?

Pomaliza

Kugwiritsa ntchito zida zopanda fuse yamagetsi kapena kukhala ndi nyumba yopanda bokosi la fuse yamagetsi ndi chizindikiro cha masoka amagetsi ndi moto. Nthawi zonse onetsetsani kuti fuse yolondola yayikidwa mumagetsi kapena mabwalo, ndipo onetsetsani kuti mwaisintha ngati iphulitsidwa.

Mafunso ofunsidwa kawirikawiri

Kodi fusesi imagwiritsidwa ntchito chiyani?

Fuse imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza mabwalo kumayendedwe amagetsi kapena kuwonongeka kwa nthaka. Lili ndi chingwe chamkati chachitsulo chomwe chimathyoka kapena kuwotcha kuti chidule njira yamakono ndikudula magetsi.

Kodi fusesi imachepetsa mphamvu yamagetsi?

Ma fuse omwe amachepetsa pakali pano amachepetsa kupezeka kwaposachedwa pamene kuwonjezereka kwa mphamvu kumachitika m'dera. Zina sizichepetsa zomwe zikuchitika m'mabwalo, koma zimalepheretsa kuti zisamayende.