Kodi chinthu chachikulu ndi chiyani?

Kapena

Trunnion ndi gawo la shaft ndi shaft msonkhano pomwe chotengera, kapena ma bere angapo, amayikidwa. Chiwongolero chowongolera chimayikidwa pama axle akutsogolo ndi kumbuyo. Pali mitundu yambiri ya trunnion, kutengera mtundu wa kuyimitsidwa, ma alloys osiyanasiyana amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kenaka, ganizirani zachitsulo chowongolera kumbali zonse.

Trunnion zitsulo zikuchokera

Popeza trunnion imakhala yolemetsa nthawi zonse, ngakhale makinawo atayima, ayenera kupangidwa ndi zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri komanso zolimba. Chitsulo chachitsulo sichingagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga gawoli, chifukwa chitsulo ichi, ngakhale champhamvu, ndi chosalimba. Trunnions amapangidwa ndi chitsulo cha 35HGSA ndi njira ya litte.

Chitsulo chotere chimakhala ndi:

• Mpweya. Izi zimapereka chitsulo chachitsulo ndi katundu wachitsulo, ndipo mphamvu imaperekedwa pambuyo pa chithandizo cha kutentha.
• Sulfure ndi phosphorous. Chiwerengero chawo chimayendetsedwa mosamalitsa, chifukwa kuchuluka kwawo kumapangitsa kuti chitsulo chisawonongeke pozizira.
• Silikoni ndi manganese. Amawonjezedwa mwapadera kuchitsulo panthawi yosungunuka ndikuchita ngati deoxidizer. Kuphatikiza apo, amapereka sulfure neutralization.

Mitundu ina yazitsulo zowongolera zimapangidwa ndi aloyi wapamwamba kwambiri kapena chitsulo cha carbon. Pankhaniyi, gawoli limakhala lolimba kwambiri, limakhala ndi moyo wochuluka wogwirira ntchito, womwe umakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pa chitetezo cha galimoto yogwiritsidwa ntchito movutikira. Kuperewera kwa alloy kapena carbon steel pamtengo wake wokwera, choncho, kalasi yachitsulo 35 KhGSA ili ndi mphamvu zokwanira (chifukwa cha chithandizo cha kutentha).

Chipangizo cha Trunnion

Nthawi zambiri, trunnion imapangidwa ndi aloyi chitsulo, chitsulo chosungunula ndi aluminium. Chofunikira chachikulu pamalonda ndi mphamvu ndi kuthekera kopilira katundu wambiri. Chodziwika bwino cha zingwe zowongolera, kuwonjezera pa zotayidwa, zikawonongeka, zimaphulika, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti sizingakonzedwe.

Chingwe chowongolera chagawika m'magulu atatu:

• kuyimitsidwa koyimilira kutsogolo;
• chitsulo chogwira matayala kumbuyo kumbuyo;
• kuyimitsidwa chitsulo chogwira matayala kumbuyo.

Kutsogolo axle

Chombo chachikulu pano chimatchedwa chiwongolero chokhoza kutembenuza mawilo. Chosemphacho chimakhala ndi chitsulo chogwirizira chazitsulo kapena maenje obowola. Amalumikizidwa ndikuyimitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mfundo zamiyendo yamiyendo:

• pa kuyimitsidwa kawiri kwa mfuti yoyeserera (VAZ 2101-2123, "Moskvich") trunnion imalumikizidwa ndi levers ziwiri pamiyendo yam'munsi ndi kumtunda kwa mpira;
• pa kuyimitsidwa kwa mtundu wa MacPherson, gawo lakumunsi la nkhonya limalumikizidwa kudzera mu mpira kupita ku lever, gawo lakumtunda limapereka cholumikizira ndi chowongolera chowopsa, chomwe chimagwira ndi kuthandizira pagalasi la thupi.

Mwazina, mabowo kapena ma bipod amaperekedwa pa trunnion kuti amangirire chiwongolero, chifukwa chake magudumu amatha kutembenuka ndikulimbikira kuyendetsa.

Chitsulo chogwira matayala kumbuyo

Kumbuyo kuyimitsidwa knuckle ali zosintha osiyana:

• pamtengo (kuyimitsidwa pawokha), bwalolo limakhala ndi mabowo angapo olumikizira mtengowo, cholumikizira cholumikizira, ndi ulusi wolumikizira gudumu. Chombocho chimalumikizidwa pamtengo, cholumikizira chimakanikizidwa pachitsulo cha trunnion, kenako ndikumenyedwa ndi nati wapakati;
• pakuyimitsa kodziyimira pawokha, trunnion yamapangidwe omwewo monga kuyimitsidwa kutsogolo amaperekedwa. Ndodo imodzi kapena zingapo zimalumikizidwa ndi nkhonya, palinso zosintha (zotayidwa trunnion), pomwe choyimitsa chete chimakanikizidwa mu nkhonya. Nthawi zambiri, chimbalangondo sichimakanikizidwa kumbuyo kwa koloko; m'malo mwake, chipinda cholumikizira chimamangiriridwa ndi mabatani 4 kapena 5.

Moyo wa Trunnion ndi Zomwe Zimayambitsa Kuphulika

Moyo wamtundu wa chiwongolero chimapangidwa kuti ugwire ntchito yonse yagalimoto. Kulephera kwa trunnion kumachitika kangapo:

• Ngozi, pomwe, mwamphamvu, kuyimitsidwa kumayimitsidwa ndikuphulika nkhonya;
• kulowa dzenje liwiro liwiro, chifukwa nkhonya zotayidwa, kumabweretsa mapindikidwe awo, kutanthauza kuti n'zosatheka ziziyenda mayikidwe mayendedwe;
• kuvala kwa mpando wonyamula magudumu, kumachokera pagudumu lalitali lokhala ndi tayala lotayirira, komanso chifukwa cha kuyendetsa kwa galimoto yokhala ndi cholakwika (kuwonongeka kwamphamvu kumayambitsa mkangano wamphamvu ndi kunjenjemera).

Ndizosowa kwambiri kuti nthawi zina pamakhala mipando pansi pa chiwongolero ndi chala cholumikizira mpira. Poterepa, kulimbitsa mwamphamvu sikuthandiza, mahinji amadikirabe "m'makutu" a nkhonya, pomwe kuyendetsa galimoto ndikoletsedwa.

Zizindikiro za kusokonekera

Chisamaliro chiyenera kuperekedwa ku momwe chiwongolero chilili ngati:

• Potembenuka, kunamveka kugogoda kuchokera pagudumu;
• Kumbuyo kunawonekera pa gudumu;
• Poyendetsa galimoto, kugogoda kumamveka bwino ngakhale pamaenje ang'onoang'ono.

Ngati zizindikiro zotere zikuwoneka, ndi bwino kukaonana ndi utumiki kuti diagnostics posachedwapa. Kuti muzindikire zovuta ndi pini, gawoli liyenera kupatulidwa (kuchotsa zinthu zonse zamakina ophatikizidwa ndi nkhonya). Zolakwika zina (zovala zowoneka bwino) zitha kudziwika mwachiwonekere.

Momwe mungasinthire?

Kusintha trunnion ndi ntchito yovuta. Tiyeni tikambirane zinthu zingapo zimene mungachite.

Nkhonya yakutsogolo

Kuti mulowe ndodo, muyenera kusintha ma wheel wheel kapena msonkhano. Musanathe, m'pofunika kuti nthawi yomweyo muzula mtedza wapakati pa likulu (pamafunika paphewa lalitali), komanso kuthyola mtedza woteteza mayendedwe a mpira, chiwongolero. Gudumu likapachikidwa, kuchotsedwa. Nsonga ya ndodo imadulidwa kaye, chifukwa cha ichi trunnion izizungulira momasuka. Chotsatira, cholumikizira mpira chimaswedwa (ngati kuyendetsa kuli kutsogolo, chowongolera chowopsa chimachotsedwa) ndipo chikho chimachotsedwa. Ndikofunika kusamalira malumikizowo ndi "wrench yamadzi", chifukwa zoyimitsa ndi mtedza nthawi zambiri zimawononga. The trunnion yakwera mosiyana.

Nkhonya yakumbuyo

Ngati kuyimitsa kumayimira palokha, ndiye kuti mfundo yoti kugwetsa ndikugwira ntchito limodzi ndiyofanana. Pakuti chitsulo chogwira matayala cha mtengo theka-amadalira, ndi okwanira kuchotsa gudumu, ndiye unscrew ndi 4 akapichi amene amateteza nkhonya. Mukasiya kanyumba kakale, akuyenera kukanikizidwa, koma izi ndizotheka ndi makina atatu okhala ndi zida zamagetsi kapena ma hydraulic. Mukakhazikitsa trunnion yatsopano, ma bolts omangira ayenera kukhala atsopano, onetsetsani kuti mumathandizidwa ndi mafuta amkuwa. 

Mukayika ndodo yatsopano, onetsetsani kuti mukusintha mayendedwe ake ndikupatsanso mafuta okwanira pamsonkhano. 

Kanema pa mutuwo

Nayi kanema wachidule wowonetsa momwe trunnion imasinthira pogwiritsa ntchito chitsanzo cha Dacia Logan:

Kusintha trunnion (chowongolero) Renault Logan

Mafunso ndi Mayankho:

Thumba lachifumu ndi chiyani? Pazitsulo zoyimirira, trunnion imasunga chonyamulacho ndi shaft kuti katundu wa axle achepetsedwe. Magudumu kutsogolo, gawo ili limaphatikiza zinthu za chisiki, kuyimitsidwa ndi ma braking system. Poterepa, trunnion (kapena chiwongolero) imalola nthawi yomweyo kukonza zolimba zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi kanyumbako ndipo nthawi yomweyo sizimasokoneza kuzungulira kwamagudumu.

Kodi magazini ya hub ndi chiyani? Ili ndiye gawo la chitsulo chomwe chimakokedwa. Chofunikacho chimakanikizika, pomwe gudumu limazunguliridwa. Kumbuyo chitsulo chogwira matayala kumbuyo, chinthu ichi chili chokhazikika pamalo okhazikika. Pankhani yamagudumu akutsogolo, trunnion amatchedwa chiwongolero, chomwe chimapangidwa mosiyana pang'ono.