Kodi chipika cha injini ndi chiyani?

Kodi chipika cha injini ndi chiyani (ndipo chimachita chiyani)?

Chombo cha injini, chomwe chimadziwikanso kuti cylinder block, chili ndi zigawo zonse zazikulu zomwe zimapanga pansi pa injini. Apa crankshaft imazungulira, ndipo ma pistoni amayenda m'mwamba ndi pansi m'mabowo a silinda, amayatsidwa ndi kuyaka kwamafuta. M'mapangidwe ena a injini, imakhala ndi camshaft.

Kawirikawiri amapangidwa ndi aluminium alloy pamagalimoto amakono, omwe nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi chitsulo pamagalimoto akale ndi magalimoto. Kapangidwe kake kachitsulo kamapangitsa kuti ikhale yamphamvu komanso yokhoza kusamutsa bwino kutentha kuchokera kumayake kupita kumalo ozizira ozizira. Chida cha aluminiyamu nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi chitsulo choponderezedwa cha pisitoni kapena zokutira zapadera zolimba zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamabowo pambuyo pokonza.

Poyamba, chipikacho chinali chitsulo chachitsulo chokhala ndi zibowo za silinda, jekete lamadzi, tinjira zamafuta, ndi crankcase. Jekete lamadzi ili, monga momwe limatchulidwira nthawi zina, ndi njira yopanda kanthu ya ngalande zomwe zoziziritsa kuzizira zimazungulira mu chipika cha injini. Jekete lamadzi limazungulira masilindala a injini, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala anayi, asanu ndi limodzi kapena asanu ndi atatu, ndipo amakhala ndi ma pistoni. 

Mutu wa silinda ukakhazikika pamwamba pa silinda, ma pistoni amasunthira mmwamba ndi pansi mkati mwa masilindala ndikutembenuza crankshaft, yomwe pamapeto pake imayendetsa mawilo. Poto yamafuta ili m'munsi mwa silinda, ndikusungiramo mafuta komwe pampu yamafuta imatha kukokera ndikupereka njira zamafuta ndi magawo osuntha.

Ma injini oziziritsidwa ndi mpweya, monga injini yakale ya VW ya ma silinda anayi ndi injini yoyambirira yagalimoto yamasewera ya Porsche 911, alibe chipika cha silinda. Monga injini ya njinga yamoto, crankshaft imazungulira m'mabokosi a injini omwe amalumikizidwa palimodzi. Kwa iwo pali "mitsuko" yokhala ndi nthiti zozungulira, momwe ma pistoni amasunthira mmwamba ndi pansi.

Mavuto wamba ndi midadada injini

Chotchinga cha injini ndi chitsulo chachikulu, chopangidwa bwino kwambiri chomwe chimapangidwa kuti chizikhala moyo wagalimoto. Koma nthawi zina zinthu zimalakwika. Nawa zolephera zofala kwambiri za cylinder block:

Kutulutsa koziziritsa kwa injini yakunja

Dambo lamadzi / antifreeze pansi pa injini? Izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha kutayikira kwa pampu yamadzi, rediyeta, heater core, kapena payipi yotayirira, koma nthawi zina kumachokera ku chipika cha injini yokha. Chotchingacho chikhoza kung'ambika ndi kutayikira, kapena pulagi ikhoza kumasuka kapena dzimbiri. Mapulagi a Frost amatha kusinthidwa mosavuta, koma ming'alu nthawi zambiri imakhala yosachiritsika.

Silinda yowonongeka/yosweka

Potsirizira pake, pambuyo pa zikwi mazana a mailosi, makoma a silinda osalala opangidwa ndi makina amawonongeka mpaka pamene mphete za pistoni sizikwanira bwino. Nthawi zina, mng'alu ukhoza kupanga pakhoma la silinda, zomwe zingayambitse kufunikira kwa kukonza injini. Masilinda otha amatha kunyowa kwambiri kuti atenge ma pistoni okulirapo, ndipo muzitsulo (kapena muzitsulo za aluminiyamu) zomangira zachitsulo zitha kuyikidwa kuti makoma a silinda akhalenso abwino.

Porous injini block

Zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi zonyansa zomwe zimalowetsedwa muzitsulo panthawi yopanga, voids mu kuponyera nthawi zambiri sizimayambitsa mavuto kwa nthawi yaitali. Pamapeto pake, chipika chosaumbika bwino chikhoza kuyamba kutayikira ndikutulutsa mafuta kapena kuziziritsa kuchokera pamalo osokonekera. Simungachite kalikonse ku chipika cha porous injini chifukwa chitha kukhala chosokonekera kuyambira tsiku lomwe chiyimitsidwa. Komabe, kutayikira kulikonse komwe kungachitike chifukwa cha chipika cha porous kuyenera kukhala kwazing'ono, ndipo ngati kumapezeka panthawi ya chitsimikizo cha wopanga, injiniyo iyenera kusinthidwa kwaulere.