Nthawi unyolo pagalimoto VAZ 2101: malfunctions, kukonza, kusintha

Ngakhale kuti nthawi yoyendetsa galimoto pa VAZ "classic" imaonedwa kuti ndi yodalirika, ikufunikanso kukonzanso ndikusintha zinthu monga galimotoyo ikugwiritsidwa ntchito. Kufunika kokonzanso kumasonyezedwa ndi zizindikiro, ndipo ntchitoyo ikhoza kuchitidwa ndi manja anu popanda kuyendera malo osungirako magalimoto.

Kuyendetsa nthawi unyolo pa VAZ 2101

"Kopek", monga mitundu ina yonse ya "classic", ili ndi nthawi yoyendetsa nthawi. Makinawa amakhala ndi unyolo wachitsulo wamizere iwiri ndi zina zowonjezera zomwe zimatsimikizira kugwedezeka kwake ndikuletsa kugwedezeka. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito bwino kwa galimotoyo mwachindunji kumadalira kukhulupirika ndi utumiki wa gawo lililonse la makinawo. Kuyendetsa unyolo kumalumikiza crankshaft ndi camshaft ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ntchito yawo yolumikizana. Mitsinje ikazungulira, ma pistoni mu masilinda a injini amayendetsedwa, ndipo mavavu omwe ali pamutu wa silinda (mutu wa silinda) amatseguka ndikutseka munthawi yake.

Zinthu zazikulu za VAZ 2101 pagalimoto nthawi ndi unyolo, damper, nsapato, tensioner ndi sprockets.

zoziziritsa

Damper imagwira ntchito yotsitsa ma vibrations ozungulira. Popanda izo, unyolo ukhoza kudumpha kapena kuwuluka kuchoka pazinyalala zamakina anthawi. Ngati damper yawonongeka, galimotoyo ikhoza kusweka. Kusokoneza koteroko kumatheka pa liwiro la injini. Ngati unyolo uduka, ma pistoni ndi ma valve amawonongeka, zomwe zimafunikira kukonzanso kokwera mtengo. Chifukwa chake, mkhalidwe wa damper uyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndikusinthidwa munthawi yake. Gawoli ndi mbale yachitsulo yokhazikika yokhala ndi mabowo apadera omangirira.

Damper ya unyolo imachepetsa kugwedezeka kwake pamene injini ikuyenda.

Motsutsana ndi damper pali nsapato, yomwe imathandizanso kukhazika mtima pansi ndi kumangirira unyolo. Zimapangidwa ndi zinthu zapadera za polima, zomwe zimapereka gawolo kukana kuvala kwambiri.

Nsapato ya tensioner ili ndi udindo wolimbitsa unyolo ndi kugwedera konyowa pamodzi ndi damper.

Tensioner

"Penny" chain drive tensioner imalepheretsa unyolo kumasuka pamene galimoto ikuyenda. The element imabwera m'mitundu ingapo:

• galimoto;
• makina;
• hydraulic.

Zodzikongoletsera zokha zinayamba kupangidwa posachedwapa, koma ponena za gawo ili, ndizotheka kale kuzindikira ubwino ndi kuipa. Mfundo yabwino ndikuti palibe chifukwa chosinthira nthawi ndi nthawi, i.e. kuyendetsa kumakhala kovutira nthawi zonse. Zoyipa zake zimaphatikizapo kulephera mwachangu komanso kukwera mtengo kwa gawolo. Komanso, kutengera ndemanga za okonda galimoto, tensioner galimoto si kumangika unyolo bwino.

Kugwira ntchito kwa zida zama hydraulic kumatengera kupezeka kwamafuta mokakamizidwa ndi makina opangira mafuta a injini. Ndi kapangidwe kameneka, dalaivala safunikira kudandaula nthawi ndi nthawi kumangitsa unyolo. Komabe, m'kupita kwa nthawi, mbali mwina sagwira ntchito bwino, amene amaonekera mu mawonekedwe a jamming wa limagwirira.

Mtundu wa VAZ umagwiritsa ntchito makina opumira. Gawoli liri ndi vuto lalikulu: pakapita nthawi, limakhala lotsekedwa ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono, plunger jams ndi chipangizocho chimataya mphamvu yake yopanga zovuta.

Chotchinga cha unyolo chimapangidwa kuti chizikhala chokhazikika nthawi zonse.

Chain

Chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika pa nthawi unyolo pagalimoto ndi unyolo palokha, zopangidwa zitsulo ndi chiwerengero cha maulalo: pa Vaz 2101 pali 114 a iwo. Poyerekeza ndi kuyendetsa lamba, unyolo ndi wodalirika kwambiri ndipo uli ndi moyo wautali wautumiki.

Unyolo umatengedwa kuti ndi chinthu chodalirika kwambiri poyerekeza ndi lamba

Kutengera mtundu wa unyolo ndi momwe amagwirira ntchito galimotoyo, imasinthidwa mtunda wa makilomita 60-100. Pali zina kuti gawo kumatenga makilomita 200, koma si ofunika chiopsezo, chifukwa unyolo wosweka zidzachititsa kukonza okwera mtengo kwambiri kuposa m'malo ake.

Unyolo umakhala womangika makilomita 10 aliwonse, ngakhale palibe zizindikiro zosonyeza kugwa.

Kuzindikira zolakwika za chain chain

Kuyendetsa nthawi, kokhala ndi unyolo, kumakhala mkati mwa injini. Kuti mudziwe momwe zigawo za makinawa zilili, m'pofunika kugawanitsa pang'ono galimotoyo. Mfundo yakuti pali mavuto ndi unyolo kapena zinthu zoyendetsa zimasonyezedwa ndi zizindikiro.

Unyolo umakhala waphokoso

Dera limatha kukhala ndi phokoso lamitundu yosiyanasiyana:

• phokoso pansi pa katundu;
• kugogoda pa injini yotentha;
• mamvekedwe akunja akamazizira;
• phokoso lokhazikika ndi khalidwe lachitsulo.

Ngati galimoto ikuyamba kutulutsa mawu omwe sali osagwirizana ndi ntchito yake yachibadwa, m'pofunika kuti mudziwe mwamsanga zomwe zachitika ndi chain drive ndikuzichotsa. Ngati izi sizingachitike, kuvala pazinthu zoyendetsa nthawi kumawonjezeka, zomwe zingayambitse kukonzanso kwamtengo wapatali.

Kanema: kugogoda kwa unyolo mu injini ya VAZ "classic".

Zizindikiro za Kugogoda kwa Unyolo Wanthawi ndi Momwe Mungalimbikitsire Unyolo Wotambasula

Zida zoyendetsa nthawi zimatha kulephera msanga pazifukwa izi:

• kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta omwe sanatchulidwe ndi fakitale yamagalimoto, kapena kusinthidwa kwake mosayembekezereka;
• kugwiritsa ntchito magawo otsika;
• kuthamanga kwamafuta otsika mu mota;
• kusatsata malamulo oyendetsera injini;
• otsika khalidwe la kukonza.

Nthawi zambiri unyolo umakhala phokoso chifukwa cha kutambasula kapena mavuto ndi tensioner. Kuyesa kuyimitsa kumakhala kopanda ntchito, ndipo injiniyo imamveka ngati injini ya dizilo. Phokoso nthawi zambiri limawoneka pa injini yozizira mukamangokhala.

Unyolo wa nthawi umatalika pakapita nthawi, choncho umayenera kumangirizidwa nthawi ndi nthawi kapena kusinthidwa

Analumpha unyolo

Ndi ma mileage apamwamba agalimoto, unyolo wanthawi umatambasuka. Zotsatira zake, imatha kulumphira ku mano ena a camshaft kapena crankshaft gear. Vutoli likhoza kuchitika ngati mbali zoyendetsa nthawi zawonongeka. Ngati unyolo udumpha ngakhale dzino limodzi, kuyatsa kumasinthidwa kwambiri ndipo ntchito ya injini imakhala yosakhazikika (kuyetsemula, kuwombera, etc.). Kuti muthane ndi vutoli, muyenera kuyang'ana kukhulupirika kwa magawowo, ndipo ngati kuwonongeka kwapezeka, konzani.

Kukonza nthawi unyolo VAZ 2101

Pachitsanzo choyamba cha Zhiguli, nthawi yoyendetsa galimoto imakhala ndi zinthu zingapo, zomwe zimatsimikizira kugwira ntchito kwa makina onse. Zigawozi zikalephera, kukonza kuyenera kuchitika nthawi yomweyo. Tiyeni tiwone masitepe pang'onopang'ono osinthira magawo oyendetsa nthawi pa "ndalama".

Kusintha damper

Musanayambe kukonza, muyenera kusamalira kukonzekera zipangizo zoyenera ndi zipangizo. Mudzafunika:

• zokopa;
• makiyi akhazikitsidwa;
• kalozera watsopano wa unyolo;
• waya mbedza.

Pambuyo pokonzekera zonse zofunika, timayamba kukonza motere:

1. Mukamasula zomangira, chotsani bokosi la fyuluta ya mpweya.
   

   Mutamasula kutseka kwa chivundikiro ndi nyumba ya fyuluta ya mpweya, chotsani gawolo mgalimoto
2. Chotsani zomangirazo ndikuchotsa chingwe chowongolera cha carburetor.
   

   Kuti muchotse chingwe chotsamwitsa, muyenera kumasula zomangira zomwe zimateteza sheath ndi chingwe chokha
3. Chotsani chitsulocho ndi ndodo kuchokera pachivundikiro chamutu cha silinda.
   

   Chotsani chotchinga ndi ndodo yomwe ili pachivundikiro cha valve pochotsa choyimitsa
4. Kuti muchotse chivundikirocho, masulani mtedzawo ndi socket 10 mm.
   

   Chophimba cha valve chimatetezedwa kumutu wa silinda ndi mtedza wa 10 mm, kuwamasula
5. Gwiritsani ntchito wrench ya 13 mm kuti mutulutse loko yotchinga.
   

   Kuti mumasule unyolo, muyenera kumasula loko yotchinga
6. Timamasula unyolo, womwe timakankhira nsapato ndi screwdriver yayitali, kukanikiza.
   

   Kuti mugwire nsapato pamalo omwe unyolo udzamasulidwa, gwiritsani ntchito screwdriver
7. Pogwira nsapatoyo, limbitsani chomangira chotchinga.
8. Timagwira wolondolera unyolo ndi diso ndi mbedza.
   

   Kuti damper isagwe mutamasula chomangira, chigwireni ndi mbedza yawaya.
9. Masulani mabawuti omangika.
   

   Chitsogozo cha unyolo chimatetezedwa ndi mabawuti awiri, masulani
10. Pogwiritsa ntchito wrench 17 mm, tembenuzirani camshaft sprocket molunjika, masulani unyolo ndikuchotsa chotsitsa.
    

    Kutembenuza camshaft, kumasula unyolo ndikuchotsa chotsitsa
11. Timayika chinthu chatsopanocho motsatira ndondomeko yake.

Kutenga tensioner

Chipangizo cholumikizira unyolo pa "classic" chili pamutu wa silinda pansi pa chitoliro chozizira pamwamba pa mpope. Kuti mulowetse gawolo, gwiritsani ntchito zida zomwezo monga zokonzera ntchito ndi damper, koma mudzafunikanso wrench kuti mutembenuzire crankshaft. Zochita zimatengera njira zotsatirazi:

1. Pogwiritsa ntchito wrench 10 mm, masulani chomangira cholumikizira kumutu kwa silinda.
   

   The tensioner amamangiriridwa ku mutu wa silinda ndi mtedza awiri, unscrew iwo
2. Timachotsa chipangizocho pamodzi ndi gasket.
   

   Chotsani tensioner ku mutu wa silinda pamodzi ndi gasket
3. Timayika gawolo molakwika, timachotsa chotchingacho ndi wrench 13 mm.
   

   Kuti mutulutse chochepetsa, chepetsani chotchingacho moyipa
4. Yang'anani momwe chingwecho chilili. Ngati miyendo yotchinga yawonongeka, sinthani cholumikizira ndi china chatsopano.
   

   Timayendera zolimbitsa thupi ndipo, ngati zolakwika zizindikirika, m'malo mwake ndi chinthu chatsopano
5. Kuti muyikenso chinthucho, kanikizani plunger mpaka mkati ndikumangitsa nati, ndiyeno yikani cholumikizira pamutu wa silinda.
   

   Kuti muyike tensioner m'malo mwake, muyenera kukanikiza plunger njira yonse ndikumangitsa nati

Kusintha nsapato

Nsapato imasinthidwa ndi zida zofanana ndi pamene mukugwira ntchito ndi damper. Kukonza kumachitika motere:

1. Chotsani mbale yoteteza sump ya injini.
   

   Kuti muchotse chitetezo cha tray, masulani zomangira zofananira
2. Masulani lamba lamba la jenereta ndikumangitsa lamba.
   

   Kuti mumasule lamba wa alternator, muyenera kumasula mtedza
3. Timachotsa chowotcha cha radiator pochotsa zomangira zofananira.
4. Dulani mtedza wa crankshaft ndikuumasula.
   

   Kuti mutulutse mtedza wa crankshaft pulley, gwiritsani ntchito wrench yapadera kapena mpweya
5. Timangitsa pulley ndi manja onse awiri.
6. Masulani kumangirira kwa chivundikiro cha injini yapansi (1) ndikumasula mabawutu atatu (2).
   

   Kutsogolo kwa mphasa, masulani ndi kumasula zomangira zofananira
7. Masulani mabawuti (1) ndi mtedza (2) kuti muteteze chivundikiro cha nthawi.
   

   Chivundikiro cha nthawi chimagwiridwa ndi mabawuti asanu ndi limodzi ndi mtedza atatu omwe amafunikira kumasulidwa
8. Chotsani chophimba cha nthawi ku injini.
   

   Pogwiritsa ntchito screwdriver, chotsani chophimba cha nthawi ndikuchichotsa.
9. Timamasula bolt yotchinga nsapatoyo (2) ndikuchotsa nsapatoyo.
   

   Kuti muchotse nsapato muyenera kumasula bolt yofanana
10. Timayika chinthu chatsopanocho motsatira ndondomeko, pambuyo pake timasintha kugwedezeka kwa unyolo.

Kusintha unyolo

Unyolo pa "ndalama" umasinthidwa ndi zida zotsatirazi:

• nyundo;
• zokopa;
• spanners;
• tsamba lokwezera;
• chidutswa cha waya;
• kiyi potembenuza crankshaft.

Pambuyo pokonzekera, timapita ku disassembly:

1. Timabwereza masitepe kuti tisinthe damper mpaka point 6 ndi nsapato mpaka 8 kuphatikiza.
2. Tembenuzani crankshaft mpaka chizindikiro pa camshaft sprocket chikugwirizana ndi kutulutsa kwa nyumba yake. Chizindikiro pa crankshaft chiyenera kuyimitsidwa moyang'anizana ndi chivundikiro cha nthawi.
   

   Mukasintha unyolo, muyenera kugwirizanitsa zizindikiro pa pulley ya crankshaft ndi chivundikiro cha nthawi, komanso zizindikiro za camshaft sprocket ndi kuponyedwa pa nyumba yobereka.
3. Timapinda m'mphepete mwa chinthu chokhoma pa nyenyezi ya camshaft.
   

   Bawuti ya gear ya camshaft imayikidwa ndi washer, kumasula
4. Gwiritsani ntchito zida zachinayi ndikuyika mabuleki oimika magalimoto.
5. Tsegulani pang'ono bawuti yomwe ili ndi sprocket ya camshaft.
   

   Timamasula bolt ndi wrench 17 mm
6. Timachotsa damper ndi nsapato ya nthawi.
7. Timapinda mbale yotsekera yomwe ili pa chipangizo chothandizira sprocket.
   

   Chotsukira loko chimayikidwa pa sprocket yothandizira, yomwe iyeneranso kuwongoleredwa
8. Chotsani zomangira za sprocket za chipangizo chothandizira.
   

   Kuti muchotse zida zothandizira, muyenera kumasula bolt
9. Timachotsa zida zokha.
10. Timachotsa limiter.
11. Chotsani chomangira cha nyenyezi ya camshaft.
12. Kwezani unyolo ndikuchotsa sprocket.
    

    Kwezani unyolo ndikuchotsa zida
13. Tsitsani unyolo ndikuchotsa ku injini.
14. Timayang'ana masanjidwe a zilembo za crankshaft sprocket ndi chizindikiro pa injini ya injini.
    

    Chizindikiro pa crankshaft sprocket chiyenera kufanana ndi chizindikiro cha injini

Chain drive imayikidwa motere:

1. Timayika unyolo pa crankshaft sprocket ndi pa zida zothandizira.
   

   Unyolo umayikidwa pa crankshaft sprocket komanso pa zida zothandizira
2. Timayika giya pampando wake ndikupukuta pang'ono mu bawuti.
   

   Konzani giya ndi bawuti
3. Timatsitsa mbedza ya waya kuchokera pamwamba.
   

   Timatsitsa mbedza yawaya pamalo pomwe unyolo uli
4. Timalumikiza unyolo ndikuwubweretsa.
   

   Gwirani unyolo ndikubweretsa
5. Timayika unyolo pa silinda mutu shaft gear, ndiyeno kukwera sprocket pa shaft palokha.
6. Timayang'ana kuphatikizika kwa zizindikiro wina ndi mnzake komanso kupsinjika kwa unyolo kutalika kwake konse.
7. Timangitsa bawuti titagwira zida za camshaft.
8. Timayika damper ndi nsapato m'malo awo.
9. Kuyika malire pin.
   

   Ikani pini yochepetsera m'malo mwake ndikumangitsani ndi wrench.
10. Timachotsa galimotoyo ku gear, kuyika chowongolera cha gearshift kuti chisalowerere ndikutembenuza crankshaft 3 kutembenuka pamene ikuzungulira.
11. Timayang'ana kulemberana kwa zizindikiro pa magiya.
12. Timangitsa mtedza wa tensioner.
13. Yatsani liwiro ndikumangitsa zomangira za magiya onse.
14. Timayika magawo otsalawo motsatira dongosolo.

Video: momwe mungasinthire unyolo pa "classic"

M'malo unyolo ndi sprocket pa VAZ 2106

Kuyika unyolo ndi zizindikiro

Kufunika koyika zizindikiro pamakina a nthawi kungabwere panthawi yokonza kapena pamene unyolo watambasulidwa kwambiri. Ngati zizindikiro sizikufanana, ntchito yokhazikika ya injini imasokonekera chifukwa cha kusintha kwa gawo. Pankhaniyi, kusintha kumafunika. Ntchitoyi ikuchitika ndi zida zotsatirazi:

• screwdriwer set;
• kiyi yozungulira crankshaft;
• mndandanda wa makiyi.

Kuti muyike unyolo molingana ndi zizindikiro, mudzafunika zida zogwiritsira ntchito garaja.

Timachita ndondomekoyi motsatira malangizo awa:

1. Timachotsa bokosi la fyuluta ya mpweya ndi chivundikiro cha valve ndi chisindikizo mwa kumasula zomangira.
2. Masulani chomangira chomangira, kanikizani screwdriver pa nsapato ndikumangitsa nati.
3. Pogwiritsa ntchito wrench ya 38 mm kapena crank, tembenuzirani crankshaft mpaka zizindikiro pa pulley yake ndi machesi ophimba nthawi, ndipo chizindikiro pa camshaft sprocket chiyenera kukhala moyang'anizana ndi pulojekiti yoponyedwa pathupi.
4. Ngati chizindikiro chilichonse sichikugwirizana, tsegulani liwiro lachinayi ndikutsegula makina ochapira loko pa sprocket ya camshaft.
5. Timamasula bolt ndikuchotsa zida.
6. Chotsani unyolo ku sprocket ndikuyika malo omwe mukufuna (gawo 3). Pambuyo kukhazikitsa zizindikiro, timapanga reverse assembly.
   

   Mutha kutembenuza crankshaft ndi sipanela ya 38 mm.

Kanema: momwe mungakhazikitsire nthawi pamagalimoto apamwamba a Zhiguli

Momwe mungalembe unyolo wanthawi ya VAZ. Chitani nokha!

Kusintha kwamphamvu kwa unyolo

Kufunika kumangitsa unyolo kungakhale kofunikira muzochitika zosiyanasiyana:

• kukonza injini;
• kusintha chain drive;
• kutambasula unyolo.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito, muyenera zida zotsatirazi:

• 13 ndi 38 mm makiyi;
• flat screwdriver;
• ma pliers

Kuchulukitsa kwa chain kumakhala ndi njira zingapo:

1. Timayika galimoto pamalo athyathyathya, osalowerera ndale, ndikuyika zoyimitsa pansi pa mawilo.
2. Timamasula chotchingira cha chain tensioner, ndipo kudina kwachinthu kumamveka.
3. Gwiritsani ntchito wrench ya 38 mm kuzungulira crankshaft, ndikupanga masinthidwe angapo.
4. Imani kasinthasintha mwamphamvu kwambiri ndi kumangitsa mtedza wokometsera.

Ngati chivundikiro cha valve chichotsedwa, mutha kudziwa kugwedezeka kwa unyolo mwa kukanikiza ndi screwdriver.. Ngati unyolo ukhazikika bwino, umakhala wolimba.

Kuthamanga kwa unyolo ndi chivundikiro cha valve chochotsedwa kumatha kufufuzidwa ndi screwdriver.

Kanema: kulimbitsa unyolo wanthawi pa VAZ 2101

Momwe mungasinthire unyolo wa camshaft drive VAZ-2101-2107.

Ngati mavuto achitika ndi galimoto yogawa gasi pa VAZ 2101, musazengereze kupeza ndi kuthetsa chifukwa chake. Iyi ndiyo njira yokhayo yopewera mavuto aakulu. Kuti mukonze ma chain chain drive, simuyenera kukhala wamakaniko wodziwa zambiri. Ndikokwanira kukonzekera zida zofunikira ndi zipangizo, ndiyeno tsatirani malangizo a sitepe ndi sitepe.