C1 Ariite wamakono
Ariete ali ndi mphamvu zowombera moto, zomwe zingakhale zofanana ndi Abrams kapena Leopard 2s ndi mfuti ya .44 caliber, mwachiwonekere popanda kuganizira zizindikiro za zida zankhondo ndi magawo a kayendetsedwe ka moto.
C1 Ariete MBT idalowa ntchito ndi Esercito Italiano (Ankhondo aku Italy) ku 1995, kotala lazaka zana zapitazo. Asilikali a ku Italy adzawagwiritsa ntchito kwa zaka khumi ndi ziwiri, kotero n'zosadabwitsa kuti pulogalamu yamakono yamakono yakhazikitsidwa posachedwa, yomwe idzachitidwa ndi CIO consortium (Consorzio FIAT-Iveco - Oto Melara), i.e. wopanga magalimoto.
Palibe chifukwa chobisala kuti Ariite ndi wokalamba. Idapangidwa poyankha kufunikira kwa asitikali aku Italiya ankhondo amakono, odziyimira pawokha komanso opangidwa ndi 3rd m'badwo waukulu wankhondo, womwe adalengedwa m'ma 80s. akasinja (ochokera kunja M70 ndi M47, komanso kutumizidwa kunja ndi chilolezo Leopardy 60/A1/A1) ndi kufunikira kwakukulu komanso mphamvu yamakampani athu amagalimoto, ichi ndi chinthu chosapindulitsa. Malingana ndi zomwe zinachitikira panthawi yopanga chilolezo cha Leopard 2A1 mu 2, Oto Breda ndi FIAT anayamba kugwira ntchito pa thanki ya OF-1977 ("O" ya Oto Breda, "F" ya "FIAT", "40" ya kuyembekezera. kulemera kwake, komwe kumayenera kukhala matani 40, ngakhale kupyola). Chitsanzo chouziridwa ndi (komanso chofanana ndi) Leopard 40 chidayesedwa mu 1 ndipo chidagulidwa mwachangu ndi United Arab Emirates. Mu 1980-1981 adalandira akasinja 1985 mu Mod base. 18, zofanana za mod. 1 (kuphatikiza zida zatsopano zowonera ndi zowunikira) ndi magalimoto atatu othandizira luso. Zinali zopambana pang'ono; 2mm Palmaria odziyendetsa okha, opangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito chassis OF-40, adagulitsa mayunitsi 155 ku Libya ndi Nigeria (Argentina idagula ma turrets 235 owonjezera, omwe adayikidwa pa TAM tank chassis). OF-20 yokha sinapeze ogula ena, ndipo chitukuko cha mapangidwewo chinaimitsidwa mu 40 pa chitsanzo cha Mod yamakono kwambiri. 1997 A. Komabe, chitukuko chamakono kwathunthu - mwa njira zina - thanki ku Italy ankaona bwino, ndipo kale mu 2 anayamba kukonzekera zofunika kwa akulonjeza Esercito Italiano thanki.
Tanki ya ku Italy siili yoyipa kwambiri pakuyenda. Injini, yomwe ndi yofooka kuposa mapangidwe ena omwe amapikisana nawo, amaipanga ndi kulemera kochepa.
C1 Ariite - mbiri, chitukuko ndi mavuto
Poyamba, asilikali ena a ku Italy anali kukayikira lingaliro la kupanga thanki yawoyawo, kutsamira m'malo mogula Leopard 2 yatsopano kuchokera ku Germany. zofunika kwambiri zomwe zinali: zida zazikulu mu mawonekedwe a 1984-mm smoothbore mfuti; SKO yamakono; zida zamphamvu zogwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera (m'malo mwa zida zachitsulo zomwe zidagwiritsidwa ntchito kale); kulemera kosakwana matani 120; makhalidwe abwino amakoka; ergonomics yabwino komanso yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito. Kukula kwa galimotoyo, yomwe panthawiyi idalandira dzina la OF-50, idaperekedwa kwa makampani Oto Melara ndi Iveco-FIAT, omwe anali atapanga kale mgwirizano kuti apange ndikuyambitsa mawilo ena amakono (kenako Centauro) ndikutsata magalimoto omenyera nkhondo. (Dardo) pazolinga zawo. ankhondo ake. Pakati pa 45 ndi 1986, prototypes zisanu kapena zisanu ndi chimodzi zinamangidwa, zofanana kwambiri ndi galimoto kupanga tsogolo. Galimotoyo poyamba ikuyembekezeka kulowa mu 1988 kapena 1990, koma zoyesayesa zidachedwetsedwa ndikusokonezedwa ndi mavuto azachuma a Unduna wa Zachitetezo ku Italy pambuyo pa Cold War. Tsogolo la C1991 Ariete ("C" la "Carro armato" kutanthauza "thanki", ariete kutanthauza "nkhosa yomenya ndi nkhosa") idakonzedweratu kuti ipangidwe m'mayunitsi 1 - okwanira kulowa m'malo opitilira 700 M1700s ndi M47s, ndipo, osachepera. ena mwa akasinja a Leopard 60 oposa 1300. Kudulidwa chifukwa cha kutha kwa Cold War kunaonekera. Ena mwa akasinjawo anali oti alowe m'malo mwa magalimoto othandizira mawilo a B1 Centauro, omwe adapangidwa mofanana ndi C1 Ariete ndi Dardo yomwe idatsata magalimoto omenyera makanda. Potsirizira pake, mu 1, Esercito Italiano anaitanitsa akasinja 1995 okha kupanga. Kutumiza kunamalizidwa mu 200. Magalimoto awa adagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi magulu anayi okhala ndi zida, iliyonse ili ndi akasinja 2002 kapena 41 (malingana ndi gwero). Izi zinali: 44 ° Reggimento carri ku Persano, 4 ° Reggimento carri ku Lecce, 31 ° Reggimento carri ku Tauriano ndi 32 ° Reggimento carri ku Coredenone. Si onse omwe ali ndi zida zokhazikika, ndipo imodzi idakonzedwa kuti igwetsedwe. Pofika pakati pa zaka khumizi, payenera kukhala magalimoto 132 pamzere. Chiwerengerochi mwina chinaphatikizapo Ariete, yemwe adatsalira m'chigawo cha Scuola di Cavalleria ku Lecce, ndi malo ophunzitsira anthu ogwira ntchito zaluso. Ena onse apulumutsidwa.
Sitima ya ku Italy ya matani 54 inamangidwa molingana ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba, ndi chipinda chowongolera kutsogolo ndi malo a dalaivala amasunthira kumanja, chipinda chomenyerapo chapakati, chophimbidwa ndi turret (mkulu wa asilikali ali kumanja kwa mfuti, wowombera mfuti amakhala kutsogolo kwake, ndipo wonyamula katundu amakhala kumanzere kwa malo a mfuti) , ndi kumbuyo kwa chipinda chowongolera. Ariete ali ndi kutalika kwa 967 cm (hull kutalika 759 cm), m'lifupi mwake 361 cm ndi kutalika kwa denga la turret 250 cm (286 cm pamwamba pa chipangizo chapamwamba cha mtsogoleri), chilolezo chapansi cha 44 cm. ali ndi mfuti ya 120 mm Oto Breda smoothbore yokhala ndi migolo yotalika 44 yokhala ndi zipolopolo za 42 (kuphatikizapo 15 pansi pa turret basket) ndi mfuti ziwiri za 7,62 mm Beretta MG 42/59 (imodzi yogwirizana ndi mfuti , chinacho anachiyika pa benchi pamwamba pa turret) ndi malo okwana 2500 ozungulira. Kusiyanasiyana kwa ngodya zokwezera za chida chachikulu ndikuchokera -9 ° mpaka 20 °. Makina a biaxial electro-hydraulic stabilization system ndi ma turret drives adagwiritsidwa ntchito. Dongosolo lowongolera moto la OG14L3 TURMS (Tank Universal Reconfigurable Modular System), lopangidwa ndi Galileo Avionica (tsopano ndi gawo la nkhawa ya Leonardo), liyenera kuonedwa ngati lamakono poyambira kupanga, kuphatikiza. chifukwa cha kuphatikizika kwa kachipangizo kowonera panoramic ka mkulu kokhala ndi mzere wokhazikika wa biaxially komanso njira yowonera usiku kapena kuwona kwa wowombera mfuti wokhala ndi njira yotentha yausiku.
Mauthenga akunja amaperekedwa ndi ma wailesi awiri a SINCGARS (Single Channel Ground ndi Airborne Radio System), opangidwa ndi chilolezo ndi Selex (tsopano Leonardo).
Kutsogolo kwa hull ndi turret (ndipo malinga ndi magwero ena, mbali, ngakhale izi ndizokayikitsa) zimatetezedwa ndi zida zosanjikiza, ndege zotsalira za galimoto zimatetezedwa ndi zida zachitsulo.
Kufala kumakhala ndi injini ya Iveco MTCA 12V yokhala ndi mphamvu ya 937 kW / 1274 hp. ndi zodziwikiratu kufala ZF LSG 3000, amene pamodzi mu gawo mphamvu. Chidebe chapansicho chimakhala ndi mawilo owongolera kumbuyo, mawilo asanu ndi awiri amsewu oyimitsidwa pazitsulo zokhotakhota, ndi magudumu anayi omwe amathandizira njanji yakumtunda (Diehl/DST 840). Chovala chamkati chimakutidwa pang'ono ndi siketi yopepuka yophatikizika.
Tanki imafika pa liwiro la 65 km / h m'misewu yopangidwa ndi miyala, imagonjetsa zopinga zamadzi mpaka 1,25 m kuya (mpaka 3 m pambuyo pokonzekera) ndipo imakhala ndi mtunda wa makilomita 550.
Pautumiki wake, "Ariete" idagwiritsidwanso ntchito pankhondo. pa ntchito yokhazikika ku Iraq mu 2003-2006. (Operation Antica Babylonia). Akasinja ena, mwina 30, adalandira phukusi la PSO (Peace Support Operation) panthawiyo, lomwe linali ndi zida zowonjezera, mbali za hull (mwina mapanelo a NERA adayikidwa) ndi kutsogolo kwa turret (mwina mapepala achitsulo olimba kwambiri) ndi mbali zake (ma module ofanana. kwa omwe adayikidwa pamutu). Kuphatikiza apo, akasinjawa adalandira mfuti yachiwiri yomwe ili padenga la turret, ndipo malo onse owombera anali okonzeka (modzichepetsa kwambiri - zolemba za wolemba) ndi zofunda. Kulemera kwa galimoto yankhondo yotereyi kumayenera kukwera kufika matani 62. Maphukusi a VAR ndi MPC (osagonjetsedwa ndi mgodi) adapangidwanso. Kunja kwa Iraq, Esercito Italiano sanagwiritse ntchito Ariite pomenya nkhondo.
Tanki ili ndi zofooka zambiri. Choyamba, izi ndi zida zankhondo - mbali za turrets zimatetezedwa ndi pepala lachitsulo chofanana ndi makulidwe a 80-100 mm, ndipo zida zapadera, malinga ndi deta yovomerezeka, zimagwirizana bwino ndi mayankho ake (ndi mphamvu zake). kwa akasinja azaka khumi, monga Leopard 2A4 kapena M1A1. Chifukwa chake, kulowa zida zotere masiku ano si vuto ngakhale zida zankhondo za kinetic zazaka makumi awiri zapitazo, ndipo zotulukapo za kugunda zimatha kukhala zomvetsa chisoni - zida sizimalekanitsidwa ndi ogwira ntchito, makamaka zopezeka mosavuta. Kugwira ntchito kwa zida zanu kumachepa chifukwa chosakwanira bwino kwa ma drive okhazikika, omwe amayambitsa kutsika kwakukulu kolondola mukamawombera pa liwiro la 20 km / h mukamayendetsa msewu. Zophophonya izi zimayenera kuyankhidwa mu C90 Ariete Mod. 2 (kuphatikizapo injini yamphamvu kwambiri, kuyimitsidwa kwa hydropneumatic, zida zolimbitsa, dongosolo latsopano, mfuti yatsopano yokhala ndi chojambulira chodziwikiratu), koma galimotoyo sinamangidwenso. Galimoto yowonetsera idapangidwanso kuphatikiza chassis ya thanki ya Ariete ndi turret yagalimoto yankhondo ya Centauro II (HITFACT-II). Malingaliro otsutsana kwambiriwa mwachiwonekere sanagwirizane ndi chidwi chilichonse, kotero podikirira mbadwo wotsatira wa MBT, anthu aku Italiya adangotsala ndi kukweza magalimoto pamzerewu.
Zamakono
Kuyambira osachepera 2016, zidziwitso zakhala zikufalikira kuti Unduna wa Zachitetezo ku Italy ungasankhe kukonzanso MLU (Mid-Life Upgrade) ya akasinja a C1 Ariete. Ntchito yolingalira komanso zokambirana ndi CIO consortium zidamalizidwa mu Ogasiti chaka chatha, pomwe mgwirizano udasainidwa ndi Unduna wa Zachitetezo ku Italy kuti amange ma prototypes atatu a thanki yamakono. Ayenera kuperekedwa pofika chaka cha 2021, ndipo mayeso awo akamaliza, kusinthika kwamakono kwa magalimoto 125 kudzayamba (malinga ndi magwero ena, "pafupifupi 150"). Kutumiza kukuyembekezeka kumalizidwa mu 2027. Kuchuluka kwa mgwirizanowu sikunawonetsedwe poyera, koma atolankhani aku Italy adayerekeza mtengo wantchito mu 2018 pa 20 miliyoni mayuro pama prototypes atatu ndi pafupifupi 2,5 miliyoni mayuro pa tanki iliyonse "yambiri". , zomwe zingapereke ndalama zonse zosakwana ma euro 400 miliyoni. Komabe, potengera momwe ntchito ikugwiritsidwira ntchito (onani m'munsimu), kuyerekezera uku sikukunyozedwa.
