British Cold War frigates Type 81 Tribal

British Cold War frigates Type 81 Tribal. Frigate HMS Tartar mu 1983, atamaliza kukonzanso kogwirizana ndi Nkhondo ya Fakland/Malvinas. Patatha chaka chimodzi, adasiya mbendera ya Royal Navy ndikukweza ya Indonesian. Helikopita ya Westland Wasp HAS.1 ndi chandamale cha zombo za kalasi iyi pa malo otsetsereka. Pamaso pa navigation mlatho "apolisi" 20-mm "Oerlicons". Zithunzi za Leo van Ginderen

Nkhondo yachiŵiri ya padziko lonse itatha, dziko la Britain linayamba ntchito yaikulu yomanga zombo zapamadzi yoganizira kwambiri za zombozi. Chimodzi mwazosankha zopambana zomwe zidapangidwa mkati mwa ntchitoyi chinali kupanga mapulojekiti a zombo pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana kutengera chipinda wamba komanso chipinda cha injini. Cholinga cha izi chinali kufulumizitsa ntchito yomanga komanso kuchepetsa ndalama zamagulu.

Tsoka ilo, posakhalitsa, lingaliro losinthali silinagwire ntchito, ndipo lingaliro ili linasiyidwa pakumanga zombo za Salisbury ndi Leopard. Lingaliro lina la Admiralty, lomwe, ngakhale linali lolimba mtima komanso lowopsa, linali sitepe yolondola, i.e. kupanga sitima yamitundu yambiri yomwe imatha kugwira ntchito zomwe zidaperekedwa kale kumagulu osiyanasiyana. Panthawiyo, kulimbana ndi zombo zapamadzi (SDO), nkhondo yolimbana ndi zolinga zamlengalenga (APL) ndi kukhazikitsa ntchito zowunikira radar (DRL). Mwachidziwitso, ma frigates omangidwa molingana ndi lingaliro ili akanakhala njira yabwino yochitira ntchito zolondera pa nthawi ya Cold War yomwe inkachitika panthawiyo.

Ndi dzina la otsogola otchuka

Gawo loyamba la pulogalamu yomanga frigate, yomwe idayamba mu 1951, idapangitsa kuti pakhale magulu atatu apadera kwambiri: nkhondo zankhondo zapamadzi (Mtundu wa 12 Whitby), kumenyana ndi ndege (Mtundu wa 41 Leopard) ndi kuyang'anira radar (Mtundu wa 61 Salisbury). . Zaka zopitilira 3 pambuyo pake, zofunikira zamagawo omangidwa kumene a Royal Navy zidayesedwa. Panthawiyi amayenera kupeza ma frigates ochulukirapo.

Zombo zatsopanozi, zomwe pambuyo pake zidadziwika kuti Type 81, zidapangidwa kuyambira pachiyambi kuti zikhale ndi zolinga zambiri, zokhoza kuchita ntchito zitatu zomwe tazitchulazi m'madera onse a dziko lapansi, makamaka ku Middle and Far East. (kuphatikiza Persian Gulf, East ndi West Indies). Iwo akanalowa m’malo mwa frigates ya Loch-class ya Nkhondo Yadziko II. Poyambirira, mndandanda wa zombo 23 zoterezi zinakonzedwa, koma chifukwa cha kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa mtengo wa zomangamanga, ntchito yonseyo inatha ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri zokha ...

Lingaliro la zombo zatsopanozi linaphatikizapo, makamaka, kugwiritsa ntchito chombo chokulirapo kuposa ma frigates am'mbuyomu, kugwiritsa ntchito mwayi wophatikizana ndi ma turbines a nthunzi ndi mpweya, komanso kuyika zida zamakono zamakono ndi zida za SDO. Pomaliza idavomerezedwa ndi Ship Design Policy Committee (SDPC) pa 28 Okutobala 1954. Mapangidwe atsatanetsatane a mayunitsi atsopanowa adatchedwa general purpose frigate (CPF) kapena sloop wamba (general purpose escort). Gulu la zombo ngati Sloopy linavomerezedwa ndi Royal Navy mkati mwa December 1954. Izi ziyenera kugwirizana mwachindunji ndi mayunitsi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu theka loyamba la zaka za m'ma 60 ndi nthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse poyang'anira, kuwonetsa mbendera ndi kumenyana ndi sitima zapamadzi (zomwe zinasintha kukhala ntchitozi pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yadziko Lonse). Pokhapokha pakati pa zaka za m'ma 70 pamene gulu lawo linasinthidwa kukhala chandamale, i.e. pa Multi-purpose frigates GPF class II (General Purpose Frigate). Chifukwa cha kusinthaku chinali chodabwitsa komanso chokhudzana ndi malire omwe NATO adakhazikitsa ku UK kuti akhale ndi ma frigates 1954 omwe akugwira ntchito. Mu 81, ntchitoyi idalandiranso dzina lachiwerengero - mtundu wa XNUMX ndi dzina lake Tribal, lomwe limatanthawuza owononga Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse, ndipo mayina a zombo zapamadzi adalimbikitsa anthu okonda nkhondo kapena mafuko omwe amakhala m'madera aku Britain.

Ntchito yoyamba ya Tribali, yomwe idaperekedwa mu Okutobala 1954, inali ngalawa yokhala ndi miyeso ya 100,6 x 13,0 x 8,5 m ndi zida, kuphatikiza. Mfuti ziwiri za 2 mm zochokera ku Mk XIX, 102-man Bofors 40 mm L/70, jug (matope) PDO Mk 10 Limbo (ndi zida za ma volleys 20), machubu 8 amodzi a 533,4 mm torpedo ndi machubu 2 quadruple 51 mm rocket rocket oyambitsa. Kuti athe kukwaniritsa zofunikira pakuwunika kwa radar, adaganiza zoyika radar yautali yaku America SPS-6C. Zida za hydroacoustic zinali zokhala ndi sonar mitundu 162, 170 (kupanga deta ya kafukufuku wa dongosolo la Limbo), 176 ndi 177. Ma transducers awo anakonzedwa kuti aikidwe m'maroketi awiri akuluakulu pansi pa fuselage.