Makina oyambira kuyimitsa magalimoto - amakhudza bwanji kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ndipo atha kuyimitsidwa?

M'mbuyomu, pamene galimotoyo idayimitsidwa mwadzidzidzi, mwina inali kalambulabwalo wa vuto la injini ya stepper. Tsopano, kuyimitsidwa kwadzidzidzi kwa injini pamagetsi oyendetsa magalimoto sikudabwitsa aliyense, chifukwa makina oyambira oyambira ali ndi udindo pa izi. Ngakhale kuti zidapangidwa kuti zichepetse kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta, sizinangopangidwira izi zokha. Kodi mukufunikira dongosolo loterolo m'galimoto yanu? Zimagwira ntchito bwanji ndipo zitha kuzimitsidwa? Kuti mudziwe zambiri!

Kuyimitsa - njira yomwe imakhudza mpweya wa CO2

Dongosolo, lomwe limazimitsa injiniyo litayimitsidwa, lidapangidwa poganizira chilengedwe. Opanga aona kuti mafuta m’magalimoto amawonongeka, makamaka m’misewu ya m’mizinda komanso kudikirira kuti magetsi asinthe. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, mpweya woipa wambiri umatulutsidwa mumlengalenga. Chifukwa chake njira yoyambira yoyimitsa idapangidwa, yomwe imazimitsa kwakanthawi ndikuyimitsa gawo lamagetsi. Njira yothetsera vutoli iyenera kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zovulaza zomwe zimatulutsidwa mumlengalenga pamene injini sikuyenda.

Kodi kuyimitsa kumagwira ntchito bwanji m'galimoto?

Mfundo yoyendetsera dongosololi sizovuta. Njira yonseyi imakhala ndikuzimitsa kuyatsa ndikuyimitsa kuyendetsa. Choyamba, zinthu zingapo ziyenera kukwaniritsidwa. Izi zikuphatikizapo:

• kuimitsa galimoto kwathunthu;
• kutentha kozizira koyenera;
• kuzimitsa olandila apamwamba mu kanyumba;
• kutseka zitseko zonse zamagalimoto;
• mphamvu ya batri yokwanira.

Pali chikhalidwe china, mwina chofunikira kwambiri, chokhudza gearbox. Tiyeni tipitirire ku nkhaniyi.

Yambani-kuyimitsa mumachitidwe amanja ndi odziwikiratu

Pamagalimoto okhala ndi ma transmission manual, gear lever iyenera kukhala yosalowerera ndale. Kuphatikiza apo, dalaivala sangathe kukanikiza cholumikizira cholumikizira chifukwa sensor ya system ili pansi pake. Dongosolo loyimitsa loyambira limatsegulidwa mukayimitsa galimoto, sinthani osalowerera ndikuchotsa phazi lanu pa clutch.

M'galimoto yokhala ndi zodziwikiratu, ndizosiyana pang'ono, chifukwa palibe chopondapo cholumikizira. Chifukwa chake, kuwonjezera pa zomwe tazilemba pamwambapa, muyeneranso kukanikiza ndikugwira brake pedal. Ntchitoyo idzagwira ntchito. Mukachotsa phazi pa brake, injini imayamba.

Ntchito yoyimitsa - ingayimitsidwe?

Mukangodziwa kuti kuyimitsa koyambira ndi chiyani, mutha kuyimitsa chifukwa simuyenera kuyikonda. Kupatula apo, si aliyense amene amakonda pamene galimotoyo imakwera nthawi ndi nthawi mumzinda ndipo iyenera kuyambiranso. Madalaivala ena amadzidalira kwambiri akamva injini ya galimotoyo ikuyenda. Nkovuta kuchita kalikonse pa izo. Komabe, opanga adawoneratu izi ndikuyika batani kuti azimitse dongosolo. Izi zimatchedwa "auto-stop" kapena kungoti "start-stop". Tsoka ilo, nthawi zambiri mumayenera kuyiyambitsa nthawi iliyonse mukalowa mgalimoto yanu.

Kuyimitsa-kuyambitsa dongosolo ndi zotsatira pa kuyaka

Makampani amagalimoto nthawi zambiri amapereka mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamafuta, makamaka pazamalonda. Palibe chomwe chimasangalatsa malingaliro ngati manambala, sichoncho? Tiyenera kuvomereza kuti makina oyambira amachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta. Komabe, izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zamtengo wapatali kutengera makamaka malo omwe mukudutsamo. Mutha kupulumutsa kwambiri pakupanikizana kwakukulu kwa magalimoto, komanso ocheperako ndi magalimoto osakanikirana mumzinda komanso mumsewu waukulu. Mayeso akuwonetsa kuti phindu silidutsa malita 2 pa 100 km. Ndi zambiri?

Ndimotani mmene mafuta akuchulukira?

Makhalidwe omwe amayezedwa pamakilomita 100 amatha kusokeretsa pang'ono. Kaŵirikaŵiri palibe amene amayenda mtunda wotero ndi kuchulukana kwa magalimoto, sichoncho? Nthawi zambiri ndi mamita mazana angapo, ndipo muzovuta kwambiri - makilomita angapo. Paulendo wotero, mutha kuwotcha pafupifupi malita 0,5 amafuta popanda kuyimitsa makina oyambira komanso pafupifupi malita 0,4 okhala ndi makina ogwiritsa ntchito. Pulagi yaying'ono, kusiyana kwake kumakhala kochepa. Chifukwa chake, simuyenera kudalira mafuta apadera omwe ali ndi dongosolo loyatsidwa. Nkhani zachilengedwe ndizofunika kwambiri pano.

Yambani-kuyimitsa dongosolo mu galimoto ndi zipangizo zake

Kodi mtengo wogwiritsa ntchito izi m'magalimoto ndi chiyani? Kuphatikiza pa kumasuka kwa kuzimitsa basi ndi kuyambitsa injini, ndalama zina ziyenera kuganiziridwa. chiyani? Batire yokulirapo komanso yothandiza kwambiri imafunika kuti dongosololi lizigwira ntchito moyenera komanso kwanthawi yayitali. Wopangayo ayeneranso kugwiritsa ntchito injini yoyambira yogwira bwino komanso yolimba, komanso alternator yomwe imatha kunyamula mphamvu ya batire yomwe imasunga magetsi. Zoonadi, simudzalipira zinthu zimenezi mukamagula, koma kulephera kwawo kungawononge ndalama zambiri.

Ndi batire yoyambira iti yomwe mungasankhe?

Iwalani za mabatire ang'onoang'ono komanso ang'onoang'ono a lead-acid, chifukwa sali oyenera pagalimoto yotere. Amagwiritsa ntchito zitsanzo za EFB kapena AGM zomwe zimakhala ndi moyo wautali kuposa zachikhalidwe. Zimakhalanso zazikulu komanso zolimba. Izi zimatsatiridwa ndi mtengo wapamwamba, womwe nthawi zina umayamba kuchokera ku 400-50 euro. Dongosolo loyimitsa loyambira limatanthawuza mtengo wokwera posintha batire, komanso pomwe choyambira kapena chosinthira chikulephera.

Kodi ndizotheka kuyimitsa ntchito yoyambira kuyimitsa mpaka kalekale?

Sizingatheke kuletsa dongosololi kwamuyaya kuchokera ku cockpit (kupatulapo mitundu ina ya Fiat). Batani lomwe lili pa dashboard kapena panjira yapakati limakupatsani mwayi woletsa ntchitoyi kwakanthawi. Sizigwira ntchito mpaka injini itazimitsidwa pamanja ndikuyambiranso pogwiritsa ntchito kiyi kapena khadi. Komabe, pali njira zolepheretsa dongosololi popanda kulowererapo kwambiri pamakina agalimoto.

Momwe mungachotsere dongosolo loyambira mugalimoto?

Nthawi zambiri njira yokhayo yothandiza ndiyo kupita ku msonkhano wapadera wa electromechanical. Pogwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe oyenerera, katswiri amalowererapo pakugwira ntchito kwa makompyuta omwe ali pa bolodi ndikusintha zomwe zimafunika kuti ayambe ntchitoyi. Dongosolo loyimitsa loyambira, monga makina ena aliwonse amagetsi, ali ndi mphamvu yosangalatsa. Pazitsanzo zina, kukhazikitsa malire pamwamba pa malire odziwika kumapangitsa kuti dongosolo lisayambe. Inde, njirayi siigwira ntchito mofanana pamitundu yonse yamagalimoto.

Kodi zimawononga ndalama zingati kuti muyimitse koyambira kuyimitsidwa?

Ntchito zamagalimoto zomwe zimakhazikika pakuyimitsa makinawa zimasintha mtengo wagalimoto inayake. Nthawi zina, kuwongolera pang'ono kwamagetsi kumakwanira (magalimoto ena a gulu la VAG), pomwe ena amafunikira njira zovuta. Chifukwa chake, mtengo wamagalimoto amzindawu ndi magalimoto ena opepuka amachokera ku 400-60 mayuro, koma zitha kuchitika kuti katswiriyo adzakhala ndi ntchito yovuta, ndipo muyenera kuwerengera ndalama zopitilira ma euro 100.

Kuchepetsa kutulutsa kwazinthu zovulaza panthawi yoimika magalimoto kwakhala cholinga cha opanga magalimoto. Chifukwa cha dongosolo, mukhoza kusunga pa mafuta. Komabe, izi zidzakhala zopindulitsa zazing'ono, pokhapokha mutayendayenda mumzinda wokhala ndi anthu ambiri nthawi zambiri. Ngati ntchito yoyambira imakukwiyitsani, ingoyimitsani mukalowa mgalimoto. Iyi ndi njira yotsika mtengo kwambiri yoletsera.