AUSA Global Force 2018 - za tsogolo la Asitikali aku US

Mwina izi ndi zomwe tank yochokera ku NGCV, wolowa m'malo mwa Abrams, idzawoneka.

Msonkhano wa AUSA Global Force Symposium unachitikira ku Von Braun Center ku Huntsville, Alabama March 26-28. Cholinga cha okonza mwambowu wapachaka ndikuwonetsa momwe gulu lankhondo laku US likukulira komanso malingaliro okhudzana nawo. Chaka chino mitu yayikulu inali magalimoto omenyera nkhondo osayendetsedwa ndi zida.

Yakhazikitsidwa mu 1950, AUSA (United States Army Association) ndi bungwe lomwe silili aboma lomwe limapereka chithandizo chosiyanasiyana kwa Asitikali aku US, omwe cholinga chake ndi asitikali ndi ogwira ntchito m'boma, komanso andale ndi oyimira chitetezo. Ntchito zovomerezeka ndi izi: ntchito zamaphunziro (tanthauzo ndi mawonekedwe ankhondo zamakono zapansi panthaka malinga ndi ntchito za Asitikali aku US), chidziwitso (kufalitsa chidziwitso chokhudza Asitikali aku US) ndi kulumikizana (pakati pa Asitikali aku US ndi anthu ena onse. ). ndi boma la US). Mabungwe 121, omwe alinso kunja kwa United States, amapereka $ 5 miliyoni pachaka kuti apereke mphoto, maphunziro, ndi chithandizo kwa asilikali ndi mabanja awo. Mfundo zomwe zimalimbikitsidwa ndi bungweli ndi izi: luso, ukadaulo, kukhulupirika, kuyankha, kufunafuna kuchita bwino, ndi kulumikizana pakati pa asitikali aku US ndi anthu ena onse aku America. AUSA Global Force ndi amodzi mwa mwayi wofalitsa chidziwitso chotere, kuphatikiza za Asitikali aku US, ndikuyang'ana kwambiri njira zachitukuko poyankha ntchito zomwe zidaperekedwa kwa asitikali ake. Malowa sanangochitika mwangozi - pali nthambi za 909 zamabizinesi osiyanasiyana omwe akutenga nawo gawo pamapulogalamu oteteza ndalama zokwana $ 5,6 biliyoni pafupi ndi Huntsville. Mutu wa projekiti ya chaka chino unali "Modernizing and Equipping American Army Today and Mawa."

Zazikulu zisanu ndi chimodzi (ndi chimodzi)

Tsogolo la Asitikali aku US likugwirizana kwambiri ndi zomwe zimatchedwa Big Six kuphatikiza Mmodzi (kwenikweni Big 6 + 1). Izi zikufotokozedwa momveka bwino za American "big five" (Big 5) yakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 70 ndi 80s, zomwe zinaphatikizapo: thanki yatsopano (M1 Abrams), galimoto yatsopano yomenyana ndi ana (M2 Bradley), yatsopano yambiri- cholinga cha helikopita (UH-60 Black Hawk), helikopita yatsopano yomenyera nkhondo (AH-64 Apache) ndi zida zolimbana ndi ndege za Patriot. Masiku ano, Big Six imakhala ndi: banja la ma helikopita atsopano (Future Vertical Lift), magalimoto atsopano omenyana (makamaka AMPV, NGCV / FT ndi MPF mapulogalamu), chitetezo cha ndege, kulamulira kwankhondo (makamaka pa maulendo akunja, kuphatikizapo zamagetsi ndi nkhondo. mu cyberspace) komanso yodzilamulira komanso yoyendetsedwa patali. Onsewa ayenera kugwirizana mkati mwa zomwe zimatchedwa. Nkhondo yamagulu angapo, ndiko kuti, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zowongolera zophatikizana kuti apange mwayi kwakanthawi m'malo angapo kuti agwire, kusunga ndikugwiritsa ntchito ntchitoyi. Ali kuti Amene akutchulidwa mu zonsezi? Ngakhale kupita patsogolo kwamagetsi, kulumikizana, zozimitsa moto, zida zankhondo, komanso kuyenda, maziko ankhondo akadali msilikali: luso lawo, zida zawo, komanso chikhalidwe chawo. Izi ndizomwe zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi okonza mapulani aku America, komanso okhudzana nawo, mapulogalamu ofunikira kwambiri ankhondo a US Army munthawi yaifupi komanso yayitali kwambiri. Ngakhale tanthauzo la "mapu amsewu" a US Army zaka zingapo zapitazo (mwachitsanzo, 2014 Combat Vehicle Modernization Strategy), kumanga "msewu" wokha sikunakwaniritsidwe, monga tafotokozera pansipa.

Kuti muyendetse bwino mapulojekiti a Big Six, pa Okutobala 3, 2017, lamulo latsopano lomwe lili ndi dzina lodziwika bwino, Future Command, lidapangidwa ku US Army. Imagawidwa m'magulu asanu ndi limodzi ogwira ntchito a CFT (Cross Functional Team). Aliyense wa iwo, motsogozedwa ndi msilikali yemwe ali ndi udindo wa brigadier General (wodziwa nkhondo), akuphatikizapo akatswiri m'madera osiyanasiyana. Kupanga timu kumayenera kumalizidwa m'masiku 120 kuyambira pa Okutobala 9, 2017. Chifukwa cha CFT, njira yosinthira asitikali aku US iyenera kukhala yachangu, yotsika mtengo komanso yosinthika. Pakalipano, udindo wa CFT ndi wochepa pakupanga "mndandanda wa zofuna" zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri pamagulu akuluakulu amakono a US Army. Amakhalanso, movomerezeka, pamodzi ndi mabungwe achikhalidwe monga TRADOC (U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command) kapena ATEC (U.S. Army Test and Evaluation Command), omwe ali ndi udindo woyesa zida. Komabe, m’kupita kwa nthaŵi, kufunika kwawo kungawonjezeke, zomwe zimadalira kwambiri zotsatira za ntchito yawo.

Magalimoto ankhondo osayendetsedwa - tsogolo lero kapena mawa?

Mapulogalamu a NGCV (omwe angalowe m'malo mwa M2 BMP, m'malo mwa mapulogalamu a GCV ndi FFV, motsatana) ndi mapulogalamu okhudzana kwambiri ndi "mapiko osayendetsedwa" ndi ofunikira kwambiri pakupanga magalimoto omenyera Asitikali aku US. Pagulu pamitu yomwe ikukambidwa pano pa AUSA Global Force 2018, Gen. Brig. David Lesperance, yemwe ali ndi udindo wopanga nsanja zatsopano zankhondo za US Army (mtsogoleri wa CFT NGCV). Malinga ndi iye, zalengezedwa kuyambira 2014. Roboti "wopanda mapiko" adzakhala okonzeka kuunika asitikali mu 2019 limodzi ndi galimoto yatsopano yomenyera makanda. Ndiye ma prototypes oyambirira (mochuluka, owonetsera zamakono) a NGCV 1.0 ndi "mapiko osayendetsedwa" adzaperekedwa kuti ayesedwe pansi pa ATEC. Kuyezetsa kukuyembekezeka kuyamba kotala loyamba la chaka chandalama cha 2020 (October-December 2019) ndipo kumalizidwa m'miyezi 6-9. Cholinga chawo chofunikira kwambiri ndikuwunika kuchuluka komwe kulipo kwa "kusatetezeka" kwa magalimoto. Mgwirizano wa US $ 700 miliyoni uyenera kubweretsa malingaliro angapo, ena omwe afotokozedwa ndi Gen. Mark Milley, Chief Army of Staff ku US, kuti apite patsogolo. Makampaniwa akugwira ntchitoyo ngati gawo la gulu lotsogozedwa ndi Science Applications International Corp. (позади Lockheed Martin, Moog, GS Engineering, Hodges Transportation ndi Roush Industries). Maphunziro omwe aphunziridwa pakuyesa kwa ma prototypes oyamba adzagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonzanso ndikumanga ma prototypes otsatirawa pansi pa bajeti ya chaka cha msonkho cha 2022 ndi 2024. Gawo lachiwiri lidzadutsa muzachuma cha 2021-2022 ndipo magulu asanu azikonzekera mfundo zitatu iliyonse: imodzi kutengera zomwe ogwiritsa ntchito ayika, imodzi yosinthidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zofananira zomwe zikubwera, ndipo limodzi lokhala ndi kusinthika komwe kwaperekedwa ndi wotsatsa. Malingaliro adzasankhidwa ndikumangidwira ma prototypes. Nthawi ino, idzakhala udindo wa wobwereketsa kuti apereke magalimoto awiri osayendetsedwa ndi anthu anayi omwe akugwira ntchito limodzi ngati gawo la gulu la Centaur (kapena, mwa ndakatulo, mapangidwe osayendetsedwa ndi anthu), kuchokera kumagulu a anthu ndi makina (nthawi ino). osati kavalo). Kuyesedwa kudzayamba mu gawo lachitatu la 2021. ndipo adzakhalapo mpaka kumapeto kwa 2022. Gawo lachitatu likukonzekera zaka zachuma 2023-2024. Panthawiyi, mayeserowa adzachitika pakampani ndi magalimoto asanu ndi awiri (NGCV 2.0) ndi magalimoto 14 opanda anthu. Awa adzakhala mabwalo omenyera nkhondo ovuta kwambiri komanso owoneka bwino pazovuta zingapo kuyambira kotala loyamba la 2023. Kapangidwe ka "madzi" kameneka ndi kosangalatsa kwambiri: ngati kampani yomwe yapatsidwayo itachotsedwa kale, ikhoza kufunsirabe kutenga nawo gawo pagawo lotsatira. Mfundo ina yochititsa chidwi ndi yakuti ngati asilikali a US akuwona kuti magalimoto oyesedwa mu Gawo I (kapena Gawo II) ndi abwino, ndiye kuti akamaliza, mapangano amatha kuyembekezera kumaliza gawo la R & D ndipo, motero, amalamula. Roboti ya Wingman idzapangidwa m'magawo awiri: yoyamba pofika 2035. ngati galimoto yodziyimira payokha ndipo yachiwiri, mu 2035-2045, ngati galimoto yodziyimira yokha. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti pulogalamu ya "ndege zopanda mapiko" imakhala yolemedwa ndi zoopsa zambiri, zomwe akatswiri ambiri amatsindika (mwachitsanzo, mavuto a luntha lochita kupanga kapena kulamulira kutali chifukwa cha nkhondo yamagetsi). Chifukwa chake, Asitikali aku US safunikira kugula, ndipo gawo la R&D litha kukulitsidwa kapena kutsekedwa. Izi zikusiyana kwambiri ndi, mwachitsanzo, pulogalamu ya Future Combat Systems, yomwe inatha mu 2009 itawononga $ 18 biliyoni popanda kupatsa asilikali a US galimoto imodzi yothandiza. Kuonjezera apo, kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka ntchito ndi njira yosinthika ya pulogalamuyi ndi yosiyana kwambiri ndi FCS, yomwe inathetsedwa chifukwa cha zovuta zomwe zikuchulukirachulukira (komanso malingaliro opanda nzeru). Panthawi imodzimodziyo ndikupanga makina, ntchito yawo pabwalo lankhondo idzamveka bwino: kaya maloboti omwe amatsatiridwa adzakhala othandizira kapena ozindikira kapena magalimoto omenyera nkhondo, nthawi idzanena. Ndikoyenera kukumbukira kuti ntchito yamagalimoto ankhondo odziyimira pawokha yakhala ikuchitika ku United States kwakanthawi.