Ma Breathalyzers oyendera madalaivala asanayambe ulendo: mawonekedwe ndi zitsanzo
Oyendetsa galimoto zamalonda amayenera kuyang'anitsitsa ulendo usanakwane ulendo uliwonse. Izi ndizowona makamaka kwa omwe amanyamula apaulendo kapena katundu wowopsa. Chimodzi mwa mfundo za kuyendera chisanadze ulendo ndi kutsimikiza kwa mowa mu exhaled mpweya. Mukhoza kuyang'ana chizindikiro ichi pogwiritsa ntchito breathalyzer.
Patsamba la Vodi.su, takambirana kale za kusankha kwa ma breathalyzer amateur, omwe amatha kugulidwa pafupi ndi malo aliwonse. Tsoka ilo, amapereka zolakwika zambiri, kotero mabungwe amagula zida zodalirika.
M'malo mwaukadaulo, amagawana momveka bwino:
- breathalyzer - chipangizo choyezera amateur chokhala ndi cholakwika chachikulu komanso miyeso yaying'ono, chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito 1-2 pa sabata pazosowa zanu;
- Breathalyzer ndi chipangizo chaukadaulo, chimangogwiritsidwa ntchito m'mabizinesi, momwemo ndendende momwe wapolisi wapamsewu angakupangitseni kuwomba.
Breathalyzer chipangizo
Chipangizocho ndi chophweka - pali dzenje la mpweya. Mpweya wopumira ukhoza kukhala ndi mkamwa, wopanda pakamwa, kapena ngakhale ndi chipangizo chapadera choyamwa. Mpweya wotuluka umalowa, mawonekedwe ake amawunikidwa pogwiritsa ntchito sensa.
Pali mitundu ingapo ya masensa:
- semiconductor;
- electrochemical;
- infuraredi.
Ngati munagula tester kuti mugwiritse ntchito pamtengo wochepa, ndiye kuti idzakhala semiconductor. Mfundo ya ntchito yake ndi yosavuta: sensa ndi mawonekedwe a crystalline, nthunzi imadutsamo, mamolekyu a ethanol amalowetsedwa mkati mwa sensa ndikusintha magetsi a zinthu. Mowa zomwe zili mu mpweya zimatsimikiziridwa ndi momwe ma conductivity asinthira.
Zikuwonekeratu kuti ndi chiwembu choterechi, nthawi imafunika mpaka nthunzi ya mowa ichoke ku sorbent. Chifukwa chake, woyesayo sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi.
Ma infrared ndi electrochemical breathalyzers amaikidwa ngati akatswiri. Zakale zimapereka zotsatira zolondola kwambiri. M'malo mwake, ndi ma spectrographs ndipo amapangidwira mafunde ena a mayamwidwe, ndiye kuti, adzalanda mamolekyu a ethanol mumlengalenga. Zowona, vuto lawo ndilakuti kulondola kwa kuwerenga kumadalira kwambiri kutentha kozungulira. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pothandizira chithandizo choyamba, ma laboratories, malo ogwiritsira ntchito mafoni. Kulakwitsa sikudutsa 0,01 ppm.
Electrochemical imakhalanso ndi zolondola kwambiri - +/- 0,02 ppm. Sadalira kutentha kozungulira, kotero amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu apolisi apamsewu. Ngati tilankhula za kuyendera maulendo asanayambe, ndiye kuti zonse ziwiri za infuraredi (kapena zapamwamba kwambiri - nanotechnological ndi infrared sensor) ndi electrochemical zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'ana ulendo usanakwane.
Zofunikira za ma breathalyzers ndizovuta kwambiri:
- zopangidwira kuchuluka kwa miyeso - mpaka 300 patsiku;
- kulondola kwakukulu - 0,01-0,02 ppm;
- calibrations wokhazikika osachepera 1-2 pa chaka.
Mitundu yambiri yoyesera imakhala ndi osindikiza kuti asindikize zotsatira za kuyeza pa pepala lotentha. Chosindikizirachi chimayikidwa mu kalata ya dalaivala kapena kumangirizidwa ku foda yake kuti atsimikizire za kuwunika kwa ulendo usanachitike.
Tikuwonanso kuti otchedwa autoblockers (alcoblocks) okhala ndi gawo la GPS / GLONASS adawonekeranso. Amalumikizidwa ndi kayendedwe ka galimoto ndipo nthawi iliyonse wamkulu wa kampani yonyamula katundu, wapolisi wapamsewu kapena oyang'anira angafunike kuti dalaivala awombe mu chubu. Ngati mlingo wa ethanol wadutsa, injiniyo imatsekedwa. Ikhoza kutsegulidwa ndi dalaivala wina yemwe ali ndi khadi la tachograph la galimotoyi.
Mitundu yogulitsira ya pre-trip breathalyzer
Ziyenera kunenedwa kuti zida zoyezera akatswiri sizotsika mtengo. Kuphatikiza apo, zida zomwe zadutsa mayeso onse ofunikira ndikulandila satifiketi yolembetsa kuchokera ku Unduna wa Zaumoyo ku Russia zimaloledwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Ndiko kuti, mndandanda wawo umavomerezedwa mwalamulo, ngakhale umasinthidwa nthawi zonse pamene zitsanzo zamakono zikuwonekera pamsika.
Alcotector akhoza kusiyanitsidwa ndi Russian breathalyzers Jupiter-K, mtengo wake ndi 75 rubles.
Makhalidwe ofunika:
- cholakwika sichidutsa 0,02 ppm;
- chiwerengero cha miyeso - mpaka 500 patsiku (osapitirira 100, malinga ndi kusindikizidwa kwa kuwerenga);
- pali chosindikizira chomangidwa;
- miyeso imatha kutengedwa pakadutsa masekondi 10;
- pali gawo la GLONASS / GPS lokonzekera malo olowera mpweya pamapu;
- pali Bluetooth.
Ili ndi chophimba chokhudza, imatha kulumikizidwa ndi netiweki yagalimoto ya 12/24 Volt kudzera pa adapter yophatikizidwa. Moyo wautumiki wopanda ma calibration ndi mpaka chaka chimodzi.
Mwa zotsika mtengo, munthu angazindikire AlcoScreen yopangidwa ku Canada. Chipangizocho chili ndi sensor ya electrochemical, yopepuka kwambiri, yoyendetsedwa ndi batire, imapereka zotsatira zolondola. Zapangidwira miyeso ya 5000 popanda ma calibration. Calibration iyenera kuchitika miyezi isanu ndi umodzi iliyonse. Ndiye kuti, ndi chisankho chabwino kwa kampani yaying'ono yokhala ndi madalaivala 20. Zimawononga ma ruble 14-15.
Wopanga wina wodziwika bwino wa zida zotere ndi kampani yaku Germany Drager. Professional Tester Drager Alcotest 6510 pamtengo wa ma ruble 45, opangidwira kuchuluka kwa miyeso, pomwe ndi yaying'ono kukula. Cholakwika sichidutsa 0,02 ppm pa kutentha kwakukulu. Pali ziphaso zonse zofunika za Unduna wa Zaumoyo.
Ndipo pali zitsanzo zambiri, mitengo imachokera ku 15 mpaka 150 zikwi.
Tikutsegula...
