Adsorber: chipangizo ndi mfundo ntchito
Magalimoto onse omwe amatsatira muyezo wachilengedwe wa Euro-3 ndi pamwambapa ali ndi makina obwezeretsa mpweya wamafuta. Mukhoza kudziwa za kupezeka kwake mu kasinthidwe galimoto inayake ndi chidule EVAP - Evaporative Emission Control.
EVAP imakhala ndi zinthu zingapo zazikulu:
- adsorber kapena absorber;
- kuyeretsa valve;
- kulumikiza mapaipi.
Monga mukudziwira, mafuta akakumana ndi mpweya wa mumlengalenga, nthunzi ya petulo imapangidwa, yomwe imatha kulowa mumlengalenga. Evaporation imachitika pamene mafuta mu thanki atenthedwa, komanso pamene mphamvu ya mumlengalenga imasintha. Ntchito ya dongosolo la EVAP ndikutenga nthunzizi ndikuzitumizanso kumalo ambiri odyetserako, pambuyo pake amalowa m'zipinda zoyaka.
Chifukwa chake, chifukwa cha kukhazikitsidwa kwa dongosololi ndi kuwombera kumodzi, zinthu ziwiri zofunika zimathetsedwa nthawi yomweyo: kuteteza chilengedwe komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta mwachuma. Nkhani yathu yamasiku ano pa Vodi.su idzaperekedwa ku chinthu chapakati cha EVAP - adsorber.
chipangizo
The adsorber ndi mbali yofunika ya dongosolo mafuta a galimoto yamakono. Pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya mapaipi, imalumikizidwa ndi thanki, kulowetsedwa komanso mlengalenga. The adsorber imapezeka makamaka mu chipinda cha injini pansi pa mpweya wolowera pafupi ndi gudumu lakumanja la galimotoyo.
Adsorber ndi kachidebe kakang'ono kozungulira kodzaza ndi adsorbent, ndiko kuti, chinthu chomwe chimayamwa mpweya wamafuta.
Monga ntchito adsorbent:
- porous mankhwala zochokera carbon zachilengedwe, kungolankhula malasha;
- ma porous minerals omwe amapezeka m'chilengedwe;
- gel osakaniza silika;
- aluminosilicates kuphatikiza ndi sodium kapena calcium salt.
Mkati mwake muli mbale yapadera - cholekanitsa, kugawa silinda mu magawo awiri ofanana. Zimafunika kusunga nthunzi.
Zomangamanga zina ndi:
- valavu ya solenoid - imayendetsedwa ndi chipangizo chamagetsi ndipo imayang'anira njira zosiyanasiyana zogwiritsira ntchito chipangizocho;
- mapaipi otuluka omwe amalumikiza tanki ku thanki, kulowetsa mochuluka ndi mpweya;
- valavu yokoka - pafupifupi osagwiritsidwa ntchito, koma chifukwa chake, pakagwa ngozi, mafuta samasefukira pakhosi la thanki, mwachitsanzo, ngati galimotoyo igubuduza.
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti, kuwonjezera pa adsorbent yokha, chinthu chachikulu ndicho valavu ya solenoid, yomwe imayang'anira ntchito yachibadwa ya chipangizochi, ndiko kuti, kuyeretsa kwake, kumasulidwa ku nthunzi yochuluka, kubwereranso ku valavu yowonongeka. kapena kubwerera ku thanki.
Momwe ntchito
Ntchito yaikulu ndikugwira nthunzi wa petulo. Monga mukudziwira, adsorbers asanayambike misa, panali valavu yapadera ya mpweya mu thanki yomwe mpweya wamafuta umalowa mwachindunji mumlengalenga womwe timapuma. Pofuna kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa nthunzi zimenezi, ankagwiritsa ntchito condenser ndi cholekanitsa, pamene nthunziyo inkafupika n’kubwerera m’thanki.
Masiku ano, akasinja alibe mavavu a mpweya, ndipo nthunzi zonse zomwe sizinakhale ndi nthawi yochepetsera zimalowa mu adsorber. Injini ikazima, amangounjikana mmenemo. Pamene voliyumu yovuta ikufika mkati, kupanikizika kumawonjezeka ndipo valve yodutsa imatsegulidwa, kulumikiza chidebe ndi thanki. Condensate imangodutsa mupaipi kupita mu thanki.
Ngati muyambitsa galimoto, ndiye kuti valavu ya solenoid imatsegulidwa ndipo nthunzi zonse zimayamba kuyenda mumtundu wambiri komanso ku valve yotsekemera, kumene, kusakanikirana ndi mpweya wa mumlengalenga kuchokera ku mpweya, amalowetsedwa kudzera muzitsulo za jekeseni mwachindunji mu injini. masilinda.
Komanso, chifukwa cha valavu ya solenoid, kubwezeretsanso kumachitika, chifukwa chake nthunzi zomwe sizinagwiritsidwe ntchito kale zimawomberanso ku throttle. Chifukwa chake, panthawi yogwira ntchito, adsorber pafupifupi amatsukidwa kwathunthu.
Kuthetsa ndi Kuthetsa Mavuto
Dongosolo la EVAP limagwira ntchito mosadodometsedwa mozama kwambiri. Mwachilengedwe, pakapita nthawi, zovuta zosiyanasiyana zimachitika, zomwe zimawonetsedwa ndi zizindikiro. Choyamba, ngati machubu oyendetsa atsekeka, ndiye kuti nthunzi zimadziunjikira mu thanki yokha. Mukafika pamalo opangira mafuta ndi kutsegula chivundikirocho, kuwomba kwa tanki kumangonena za vuto lomwelo.
Ngati valavu ya solenoid yatsikira, nthunzi imatha kulowa mochulukira mosasunthika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mafuta achuluke komanso zovuta kuyambitsa injini pakuyesa koyamba. Komanso, injiniyo imatha kungoyimitsidwa panthawi yoyimitsa, mwachitsanzo, pamagetsi ofiira.
Nazi zina zodziwika bwino za kulephera kugwira ntchito:
- Popanda ntchito, kudina kwa valve ya solenoid kumamveka bwino;
- liwiro loyandama injini ikawotha, makamaka m'nyengo yozizira;
- sensa yamafuta amafuta imapereka deta yolakwika, mulingo ukusintha mwachangu mbali zonse zakumtunda ndi zapansi;
- kuwonongeka kwa magwiridwe antchito chifukwa cha kutsika kwamphamvu;
- "katatu" pamene mukusunthira ku magiya apamwamba.
Ndikoyeneranso kuyamba kuda nkhawa ngati pali fungo losalekeza la petulo mu kanyumba kapena mu hood. Izi zitha kuwonetsa kuwonongeka kwa machubu oyendetsa komanso kutayika kwamphamvu.
Mutha kukonza vutoli mwaokha komanso mothandizidwa ndi akatswiri ochokera ku station station. Osathamangira nthawi yomweyo kuthamangira kumalo ogulitsira ndikuyang'ana mtundu woyenera wa adsorber. Yesetsani kuthyola ndi kumasula. Mwachitsanzo, ena opanga amaika zosefera za rabara za thovu mkati, zomwe pamapeto pake zimasanduka fumbi ndi kutseka machubu.
Valve ya solenoid imasinthidwanso. Chifukwa chake, kuti muchotse kudina komwe kumawonekera, mutha kutembenuza zomangirazo pang'ono pafupifupi theka, kumasula kapena kulimbitsanso. Injini ikayambiranso, kudina kuyenera kutha, ndipo wowongolera adzasiya kupereka cholakwika. Ngati mukufuna, valavu ikhoza kusinthidwa ndi inu nokha, mwamwayi, sichimawononga ndalama zambiri.
Tikutsegula...
