Kumveka kwa filimu - Gawo 1

Kodi munayamba mwadzifunsapo momwe mawu a zisudzo amajambulidwira pa set? Makamaka m'mikhalidwe yovuta kwambiri komanso pansi pamikhalidwe yomwe si yabwino kukhalabe ndi khalidwe lapamwamba?

Pali njira zingapo zothetsera. Chimodzi mwazogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi chotchedwa poka. Maikolofoni yolunjika ili pa boom yayitali, yomwe imakhala m'manja mwa katswiri wa maikolofoni. Kutsatira wosewera komanso kuvala mahedifoni nthawi zonse, katswiri amayesa kujambula chimango chomveka bwino pomwe nthawi yomweyo osalowa mu chimango ndi maikolofoni. Osapambana nthawi zonse - intaneti imakhala yodzaza ndi makanema omwe ogwiritsa ntchito intaneti amangogwira mopanda chifundo mafelemu omwe adaphonya pamsonkhano, pomwe maikolofoni yopachikidwa pamwamba ikuwonekera bwino.

Kujambulitsa mawu kwa makanema ojambula ndi chizolowezi - pambuyo pake, ojambula okha salankhula ...

Komabe, pali kuwombera ndi zithunzi zomwe kusinthika koteroko sikungatheke kapena kumveka kwa mawuwo kudzakhala kosasangalatsa (mwachitsanzo, mufilimu yakale, mudzamva phokoso la magalimoto odutsa, phokoso la zomangamanga zapafupi. malo, kapena ndege ikunyamuka pa eyapoti yapafupi). M'dziko lenileni, zochitika zina sizingalephereke, pokhapokha pofika pa filimu yapadera, yomwe imapezeka, mwachitsanzo, ku Hollywood.

Ngakhale pamenepo, chifukwa cha ziyembekezo zazikulu za omvera ponena za phokoso la filimuyo, otchedwa. postsynchrony. Zimaphatikizapo kujambulanso mawu pazithunzi zojambulidwa kale ndikuzikonza m'njira yoti zizimveka ngati pazida - zabwino kwambiri, chifukwa chokhala ndi zotsatira zochititsa chidwi za malo komanso mawu owoneka bwino.

Zachidziwikire, ndizovuta kwambiri kuti wosewera ajambule mawu omwe adayankhulidwa kale pa studio ndikulumikizana bwino ndi milomo. Zimakhalanso zovuta kusunga malingaliro omwewo m'makutu komanso poyang'ana chinsalu, chomwe chinawuka powombera mafelemu a munthu aliyense. Komabe, matekinoloje amakono amalimbana ndi zinthu zotere - mumangofunika zida zoyenera komanso chidziwitso chachikulu, onse a wosewera yekha, komanso wopanga ndi mkonzi.

Art of Post-Synchronization

Ziyenera kumveka bwino nthawi yomweyo kuti zokambirana zambiri zomwe timamva m'mafilimu akuluakulu amapangidwa ndi kujambula pambuyo pa synchronous. Zowonjezera pa izi ndizoyenera pazotsatira, makonzedwe a omni-directional ndi kusintha kwapamwamba kwambiri pazida zapamwamba, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimawononga madola mamiliyoni ambiri. Komabe, chifukwa cha izi, tikhoza kusangalala ndi mawu abwino kwambiri, ndipo kumveka bwino kwa mawu kumasungidwa ngakhale mkati mwa nkhondo yaikulu, pa chivomezi kapena mphepo yamphamvu.

Maziko a zopanga zoterezi ndi mawu olembedwa pa seti. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri chifukwa zimawonetsa mayendedwe a milomo ya wosewera, ngakhale izi nthawi zambiri sizimveka mufilimuyi. Mutha kuwerenga za momwe izi zimachitikira m'magazini yotsatira ya MT. Tsopano ndiyesera kufotokoza mutu wa kujambula mawu pamaso pa kamera.

Kulembetsa zomwe zimatchedwa post-synchronization ikuchitika m'ma studio apadera ojambulira omwe amasinthidwa kuti agwire ntchitoyi.

Ngakhale anthu sadziwa luso lojambulira mwachidziwitso amawona kuti kuyandikira maikolofoni kukamwa kwa wokamba nkhani, m'pamenenso zotsatira zake zimakhala bwino komanso zomveka pojambula. Mfundo ndikutinso kukhala ndi maikolofoni "kunyamula" phokoso laling'ono lakumbuyo momwe ndingathere komanso zomwe zili zofunika kwambiri. Ma maikolofoni otsogola okwera pamtengo amagwira ntchito bwino nthawi zambiri, koma amakhala bwino pamene maikolofoni ili pafupi ndi mtengo, mwachitsanzo. pa zovala za wosewera (poganiza kuti sizochitika zomwe wosewera kapena wochita masewerowa amasiyidwa maliseche ...).

Ndiye zonse zomwe zatsala ndikubisa maikolofoni, kulumikiza ndi chowulutsira, chomwe wosewerayo alinso ndi malo osawoneka, ndikulemba chizindikiro ichi pa chimango pogwiritsa ntchito cholandirira ndi kujambula chomwe chili kunja kwa gawo la magalasi a kamera. Pakakhala anthu opitilira m'modzi pachiwonetsero, munthu aliyense amakhala ndi njira yakeyake yolumikizirana opanda zingwe ndipo mawu awo amajambulidwa panjira zosiyanasiyana. Pojambula zithunzi zamitundu yambiri motere, mutha kujambula ma sync pambuyo pake omwe amakonzedwa poganizira zamtundu uliwonse wa mawu - kuyenda kwa wosewera mokhudzana ndi kamera, kusintha kwamayimbidwe amkati, kupezeka. za anthu ena, ndi zina zotero. Chifukwa cha chochitika ichi, wosewera ali ndi ufulu wochuluka kusewera (akhoza, mwachitsanzo, kupendekera mutu wake popanda kusintha timbre mawu ake), pamene wotsogolera ndi womasuka kwambiri kupanga zimene zikuchitika mu chimango.

Ntchito yopangira matabwa pa seti sikophweka. Nthawi zina mumayenera kunyamula maikolofoni pamwamba pamutu wanu kwa nthawi yayitali - ndipo nthawi zonse onetsetsani kuti sichilowa mu chimango ndikunyamula phokosolo momwe mungathere.

maikolofoni mu tayi

Maikolofoni imodzi yomwe imagwira bwino ntchitoyi ndi Slim 4060. Wopanga wake, DPA, kapena Danish Pro Audio, amagwira ntchito yopanga maikolofoni ang'onoang'ono kuti agwiritse ntchito mwaukadaulo. Zogulitsa zonse zimapangidwa ku Denmark. Izi zimachitika ndi maikolofoni ang'onoang'ono. pamanja ndi pansi pa maikulosikopu, ndipo izi zimachitika ndi antchito apadera komanso odziwa zambiri. The Slim 4060 ndi chitsanzo chabwino cha maikolofoni ang'onoang'ono odziwika bwino omwe palibe amene amayembekeza kuchokera ku capsule yofanana ndi mutu wa machesi.

Dzina lakuti "Slim" limatanthauza kuti maikolofoni ndi "lathyathyathya" choncho akhoza kumangirizidwa ku mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ndege. Tiyenera kuzindikira nthawi yomweyo kuti "ndege" izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovala kapena ngakhale wosewera / wosewera thupi. DPA yapeza zotsatira zochititsa chidwi pakupanga maikolofoni osawoneka. Zitha kubisika pansi pa zovala, m'thumba lapamwamba, mu mfundo ya tayi, kapena m'malo ena omwe akatswiri akuwona kuti ndi oyenera. Chifukwa chake, amakhalabe osawoneka ndi kamera, komanso kuthekera kogwiritsa ntchito imodzi mwamitundu itatu, yogwirizana ndi makina onse otumizira akatswiri komanso kupezeka kwa zida zingapo zokwera kumapangitsa kuti ma maikolofoni awa agwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri pamakampani opanga mafilimu ndi ma TV.

Kodi mukuwona cholankhulira apa? Yang'anani pang'ono pang'ono pamwamba pa batani la malaya anu - iyi ndi imodzi mwamayikolofoni a DPA ang'onoang'ono omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakampani opanga mafilimu.

Chingwe cha maikolofoni, cholumikizidwa kwanthawizonse kwa icho, chimakhala ndi zida zapadera ndipo chimapangidwa m'njira yoti sichipanga phokoso ndi kusokoneza. Inde, chinthu chofunika kwambiri apa ndi kukwera kolondola kwa maikolofoni, kudzipatula ku magwero a makina osokonekera ndi chingwe chowonjezera chomangirira masentimita angapo kuchokera pa maikolofoni kuti athetse mavuto otere. Zonse zimadalira osewera maikolofoni, ndipo wopanga mwiniwake wachita zonse kuti atsogolere ntchito yawo.

Maikolofoni ili ndi mawonekedwe a omnidirectional (i.e., imagwira mawu kuchokera mbali zosiyanasiyana ndi mulingo womwewo), imagwira ntchito mumtundu wa 20 Hz-20 kHz.

The 4060 imamveka bwino, ndipo kubisala pansi pa zovala kapena kusuntha mutu wanu sikukhudza kwambiri phokoso. Ndi chida chachikulu chojambulira ochita seti, ndipo nthawi zina amatha kuthetsa kufunikira kwa kulunzanitsa kokwera mtengo. Kuwongolera kotheka kapena kuphatikizika koyenera kumatha kukhala kophiphiritsa, ndipo mawuwo amalowetsedwa mosavuta potengera chithunzi chakumbuyo. Ichi ndi chida chapamwamba cha akatswiri chomwe chimakulolani kuti mujambule zokambirana zomwe zimawerengedwa mofanana ndi, mwachitsanzo, mu Nyumba ya Makhadi. Maikolofoni yotere imatha kugulidwa ku PLN 1730, ngakhale ndalama zogulira makina onse ojambulira (wotumiza opanda zingwe ndi wolandila) nthawi zambiri zimakhala 2-3 zikwi zina. Ndipo tikachulukitsa izi ndi chiwerengero cha ochita zisudzo omwe amayenera kujambulidwa nthawi imodzi, timawonjezera mtengo wa ma maikolofoni otchedwa ambient omwe amalemba phokoso lakumbuyo lomwe limatsagana ndi zochitikazo, komanso mtengo wa kujambula konse. dongosolo, zikuwoneka kuti pakadali pano zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazidazi zimawononga ma zloty mazana angapo. Izi ndi ndalama zenizeni.

Mu zonsezi, pali chinthu china chimene tiyenera kukumbukira - wosewera kapena Ammayi yekha. Tsoka ilo, m'mafilimu ambiri achipolishi zimawoneka bwino (ndikumva) kuti ochita masewera achichepere samayang'anira mawu olondola nthawi zonse, ndipo izi sizingawongoleredwe ndi maikolofoni kapena makina osintha kwambiri ...