Nyenyezi osati kuchokera kumwamba kokha

Ndipotu, opanga magalimoto achita zambiri pankhani ya chitetezo.

Opanga magalimoto amati amapereka magalimoto aukhondo komanso otetezeka. Uku ndikokokomeza, koma zambiri zachitika pankhani yachitetezo.

 chopinga kumbali ya dalaivala chomwe chimachotsedwa ndi 40 peresenti kuchokera ku axis of symmetry (offset). Mu chithunzi F»src=»https://d.motofakty.pl/art/3g/gp/4btijokkggsocgos8cco8/425a1b9c3a416-d.310.jpg»align=»right»>

Chitetezo sichinthu chodziwika bwino kwa Volvo, yomwe inali yoyamba kutulutsa malamba opangidwa mochuluka. Tsopano wopanga aliyense akuyesera kutsimikizira ogula kuti amapanga magalimoto otetezeka.

Chitetezo chokhazikika komanso chokhazikika

Kuyesedwa kofalikira kwa ngozi kumayang'ana, choyamba, kukana kwa kapangidwe ka thupi lagalimoto kugundana deformation. Izi zimatchedwa chitetezo chokhazikika. Komabe, munthu ayenera kuyesetsa kupewa kugundana kwathunthu, komwe kumathandizidwa ndi makina othandizira oyendetsedwa ndi makompyuta, omwe ndi zinthu zachitetezo chogwira ntchito. Ambiri ndi: ABS dongosolo, amene amapereka controllability wa galimoto pamene braking, ASR amaletsa mawilo pagalimoto skidding, ndi apamwamba kwambiri ESP dongosolo basi bata trajectory wa kuyenda. Ku Germany, galimoto yatsopano yachiwiri iliyonse imakhala ndi zida amabwera muyezo ndi ESP, imodzi mwa asanu ku France, imodzi mwa asanu ndi atatu ku Italy ndi imodzi mwa khumi ndi ziwiri ku UK. European Automobile Manufacturers 'Association yatsimikiza kuti, kuyambira m'ma 2004, magalimoto ang'onoang'ono onse ogulitsidwa ku European Union azikhala ndi ABS komanso ASR. Ngakhale izi zikugwira ntchito kwa otchedwa. mamembala akale a Union.

mayeso owonongeka

Euro-NCAP Association yapanga njira zoyeserera ngozi zomwe zimagwira ntchito pamagalimoto atsopano komanso okonzedwanso kuchokera m'magawo osiyanasiyana amsika omwe amabweretsedwa pamsika. Zotsatira zawo zimasindikizidwa mu mawonekedwe a asterisks angapo, momwe mfundo zomwe zimapezeka panthawi ya mayesero zimasinthidwa. Euro-NCAP ndi bungwe lodziyimira palokha la boma la Europe ndi mabungwe ogula.

Yoyamba ya mayesero apangidwa ndi mutu pa asymmetrical kugunda kwa galimoto ndi deformable amakona anayi chopinga pa mbali ya dalaivala, kusamutsidwa ndi 40 peresenti polemekeza axis galimoto ya symmetry (chotchedwa kusamuka). Izi zikuwonetsa momwe magalimoto awiri omwe akubwera kuchokera mbali zosiyanasiyana amawombana. Kugunda liwiro 64 km/h. Mkati makina mayeso ndi anaika ma dummies anayi a Hybrid III, awiri kutsogolo ndi awiri mipando yakumbuyo. 

Pachiyeso chachiwiri, galimotoyo imathamangitsidwa kuchokera kumbali ndi bogie yokhala ndi kutsogolo kwa rectangular. Liwiro lagalimoto ndi 50 km/h. Pampando wa dalaivala pali dummy ya EuroSID-1, kumbuyo kwa dummy iwiri yofanana ndi miyeso. ana awiri. 

Mayeso achitatu amayerekezera kukhudzidwa kwapambali pamtengo, ndipo zotsatira zake zimakulolani kudziwa kuchuluka kwa chitetezo cha mutu wa dalaivala. Galimoto yoyesera imayikidwa pa trolley yomwe imayenda mozungulira mpaka 25,4 cm masentimita. 9km/h Dummy yokhayo ya EuroSID-1 imayikidwa kumbuyo kwa gudumu.

Chitetezo cha oyenda pansi

Mayeso a Euro-NCAP amawunikanso chitetezo cha oyenda pansi omwe adakhudzidwa ndi ngozi. Kufufuza kumakhudza kuvulala kwa miyendo ndi mutu wa akuluakulu ndi ana omwe agundidwa ndi galimoto yoyenda pa 40 km / h. Makhalidwe okhudzana ndi thupi bumper, apuloni yakutsogolo, hood, windshield ndi zipilala. Mfundo zomwe zapezedwa zimasinthidwa kukhala nyenyezi.

Njira yoyesera ya Euro-NCAP yapangidwa kutengera zaka za kafukufuku wangozi zenizeni. Mannequins amaberekanso thupi la munthu, amakhala ndi mafupa achitsulo, chigaza cha aluminiyamu ndi khungu la mphira. Komabe, izi ndi zida zovuta zofufuzira zokhala ndi masensa othamangitsa (accelerometers) ndi masensa a deformation (tensometers). Ma dummies a Hybrid III amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa zakutsogolo ndipo ma dummies a EuroSID-1 amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa zotsatira za mbali. Amasiyana makamaka m'maselo. chifuwa ndi masensa ogwiritsidwa ntchito omwe amayesa mphamvu zosiyanasiyana ndi mathamangitsidwe. EuroSID-1 ilibe manja ndi manja, ndipo manja ake amatha pamlingo wa zigongono. Ma mannequins amapangidwa kuti agwirizane ndi thupi la mwana wazaka 18 ndi miyezi 36. Mtengo wa mannequin imodzi ndi pafupifupi 100 zikwi. mapaundi.

Propaganda zachitetezo

Zotsatira za mayeso a Euro-NCAP nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito potsatsa malonda, koma miyeso iyi iyenera kuonedwa mopepuka. Palibe njira yoyezera chitetezo. Kuchokera pamalingaliro a wopanga, "galimoto yotetezeka" ndi yomwe imagwirizana ndi malamulo ndi malamulo m'derali. Masiku ano sizovuta kupanga galimoto yomwe idzalandira nyenyezi 5 pamayeso a Euro-NCAP. M'mapangidwe agalimoto omwe alipo, malo osoweka a nyenyezi zambiri amatha kupezeka powonjezera chizindikiro cha lamba wapampando. Komabe kuwonjezera kwa nyali sikunasinthe mawonekedwe a thupi la galimotoyo.

Ndibwino kuti magalimoto azitsatira miyezo yokhazikika yachitetezo chokhazikika, monga zikuwonetseredwa ndi mayeso a ngozi. Magalimoto ochulukirachulukira omwe timapereka amakhala ndi ABS monga muyezo, zomwe zilinso zabwino kwa ife. Komabe, sikoyenera kuonetsetsa kuti tikuyendetsa galimoto yotetezeka, chifukwa galimoto yotereyi kulibe. Chinthu chofunika kwambiri chomwe chimakhudza chitetezo ndi dalaivala mwiniwake. 

Zotsatira zakuwonongeka kwa Euro-NCAP:

Pangani Chitsanzo	Chaka choyesedwa	Chitetezo cha apaulendo	Chitetezo cha oyenda pansi	Chitetezo cha ana
Lexus GS300	2005	5	2	4
Peugeot 1007	2005	5	2	3
Suzuki wothamanga	2005	4	3	3
Honda FR-V	2005	4	3	3
panda	2004	3	1	2
Hyundai yakwera	2004	4	1	4
Kia picanto	2004	3	1	4
Honda jazi	2004	4	3	3
Volkswagen Golf V	2004	5	3	4
Opel Astra III	2004	5	1	4
Ford Focus II	2004	5	2	4
Citroen c4	2004	5	3	4
Bmw 1 mndandanda	2004	5	1	3
Citroen c5	2004	5	1	3
Peugeot 407	2004	5	2	4
Bmw 5 mndandanda	2004	4	1	4
Audi A6	2004	5	1	4
Chithunzi cha VW Touareg	2004	5	1	4
Mpando Altea	2004	5	3	4
Toyota Corolla Verso	2004	5	2	4
Zokwanira	2004	3	1	3

 Chithunzi cha Euro-NCAP