Dziwani mabuleki
Zamkatimu
Kumamatira, kusamutsa misa, kutsatizana, kutsika: zoyenera kuchita kuti muyime bwino
Werengani ngakhale mutakhala ndi galimoto yokhala ndi ABS!
Mnzake wapamsewu waposachedwa akugogomezera kuti njinga yamoto imatsika bwino kuposa galimoto (pa 50 km / h njinga yamoto imayima pa 20 metres motsutsana ndi 17 pagalimoto, pomwe pa 90 km / h njinga yamoto imayimitsa pa 51 metres pomwe galimoto imangofunika. 43,3 mamita). Apanso, ziwerengerozi zimakulitsidwanso ndi maphunziro ena.
Mawu omwe amadabwitsa okwera njinga ambiri, omwe nthawi zambiri amadzinyadira kuti alumidwa ndi ma radial stirrups. Komabe, izi ndi zoona, osachepera malinga ndi malamulo a sayansi. Chifukwa kumapeto kwa unyolo wokhazikika wa brake, timangopeza tayala, lomwe timakankhira (kwambiri) pansi ... Mafotokozedwe.
Tayala woponderezedwa pansi
Tayala yomwe imayikidwa pamtunda imakanidwa ikafunsidwa kuti isamuke: iyi ndi nkhani yabwino komanso yoyipa, chifukwa chogwirirachi chimatsimikizira kugwirira ntchito, koma nthawi yomweyo chimafunikira mphamvu yamafuta (kapena magetsi) kuti ipite patsogolo. Zoonadi, mlingo wa kugwidwa umasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wa pamwamba ndi nyengo, koma mbali iyi ya zinthu yakhala ikukambidwa kale mu malangizo athu oyendetsa mvula.
Chifukwa chake, kuti muchepetse liwiro, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu pa tayala. Thupi la tayala lapangidwa kuti lizipunduka pang'ono likagwidwa ndi mphamvu zina, pamenepa ndi mphamvu yotalika. Chifukwa chake, kuti mtembo ugwire bwino ntchito, chisamaliro chiyenera kutengedwa kuti chiwonjezeke matayala monga momwe wopanga adapangira. Mwa njira, ndi liti pamene matayala anu amayesa kuthamanga komaliza?
Kutsogolo kapena kumbuyo?
Pansi pa zotsatira za deceleration, kusamutsidwa kwa malipiro kudzachitika mosiyana ndi mphamvu kapena patsogolo. Choncho, kugawa kulemera, amene ali mu dongosolo la 50/50 statically pa njinga zambiri, ndipo chiŵerengero cha njinga yamoto amasuntha kwambiri kutsogolo, mu kufanana 70/30 kapena 80/20.
Dziwani kuti mu MotoGP timajambulitsa mpaka 1,4 Gs panthawi yothamanga kwambiri! Izi sizili pamsewu, koma zikuwonetsa momwe mabuleki amakakamizika komanso akuwonetsa kuti tayala lodzaza pang'ono silikhala ndi chogwira ndipo chifukwa chake limatsika pang'ono, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magudumu akumbuyo atseke. Izi sizikutanthauza kuti musagwiritse ntchito brake yakumbuyo: muyenera kuigwiritsa ntchito mwanzeru ndikumvetsetsa udindo wake.
Njira yabwino ya braking
The optimal braking sequence ndi motere:
- Choyamba, yambani mosamala ndi brake lakumbuyo: popeza njinga yamoto idzagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu makamaka kutsogolo kwa drivetrain, kuyambira kumbuyo kudzakhazikika njingayo mwa kukanikiza kumbuyo kumbuyo pang'ono. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri ngati muli ndi wokwera kapena katundu.
- mugawanika sekondi, ikani kutsogolo brake: akuchita kumbuyo, kukakamiza pang'ono panjinga yonse pansi, mlingo wonse wa ntchentche udzawonjezeka kwambiri, kulola kuti kusuntha kwakukulu uku kuyambitsidwe ndi kusamutsa katundu ku tayala lakutsogolo.
- mu kugawanika yachiwiri adzaika kupanikizika kwambiri pa ananyema kutsogolo: tayala kutsogolo tsopano yodzaza, kungakhale zolimba ndi kutenga onse pazipita deceleration mphamvu, pa nthawi imene ananyema kumbuyo amakhala opanda pake. Ndi pa kulanda katundu kuti mphamvu braking angagwiritsidwe ntchito mu chikhalidwe momwe akadakwanitsira. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, kukankha mabuleki akutsogolo mwadzidzidzi osayamba kunyamula katundu kumabweretsa chiopsezo chachikulu chotsekeka, chifukwa tidzasefa kwambiri tayala lomwe silinapakidwe bwino.
Mwachiwonekere, oyendetsa njinga omwe ali ndi galimoto yokhala ndi mabuleki ophatikizana, ABS ndi zigawenga sadzadziwa kukhudzika kumeneku komwe kumadza chifukwa cha luso la braking, lomwe ndi luso laukadaulo. Kumbali ina, iwonso sakhala ndi mwayi woledzera mopusa akamayendetsa mabuleki molakwika.
Kuchokera ku chiphunzitso chochita
Ngati chiphunzitsocho ndi chapadziko lonse, ndakatulo ndi kukongola kwa dziko la njinga zamoto zili mumitundu yosiyanasiyana ya oimira ake. Chifukwa chake, galimoto iliyonse imakhala ndi ma braking abwino mkati mwazinthu zozungulira, zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha mphamvu yamkati ya tayala (mphamvu yayikulu yomwe nyama ndi mphira zimatha kupirira), makamaka kuthekera kwa chassis (chimango ndi kuyimitsidwa) kuti molondola kusamutsa braking mphamvu popanda dissipating mu zotsatira parasitic.
Chifukwa chake, njinga yamoto yokhala ndi foloko yoyipa kapena kuyimitsidwa wotopa (hydraulic yomwe yataya mphamvu ya viscous) sizongosokoneza: imakhalanso yotetezeka chifukwa chakuwonongeka kwamphamvu yama braking, chifukwa mawilo ake sangagwirizane ndi nthaka nthawi zonse. , kotero iwo sadzatha kufalitsa kwambiri braking mphamvu.
Monga fanizo, galimoto yamasewera yokhala ndi gudumu lalifupi komanso foloko yolimba yopindika, zinthu zolimba zomwe zimamangiriridwa kuzinthu zina zolimba (chimango cholimba cha aluminiyamu) ndikuyika matayala ofewa a rabara (potero amatenthetsa mwachangu pokomera), imayika zotsetsereka zonse kukhala zazikulu Komabe, gudumu lalifupi komanso likulu la mphamvu yokoka limapangitsa kuti zida zakumbuyo zakumbuyo (zomwe woyendetsa angathane nazo posuntha pang'ono kumbuyo kwa chishalo). Choncho, ndi nsonga iyi yomwe ikuyimira malire ochepetsera, osati kugwira tayala lakutsogolo lomwe lingangolephera ndi phula loipa pamvula. (Wothamanga amatha kuyima m'misewu yonyowa!)
Ndipo mosemphanitsaChizoloŵezi chokhala ndi wheelbase wake wautali ndi malo otsika a mphamvu yokoka sichidzadutsa mosavuta. Ikhoza ngakhale kuswa mphamvu kuposa galimoto yamasewera, ngati muli ndi mabuleki abwino komanso matayala okwera kwambiri. Koma chifukwa cha foloko yaying'ono yanthawi zonse, mabuleki osayenda bwino akutsogolo komanso kulemera kumbuyo, ilibe zida zonyamula katundu wolemera pa tayala lakutsogolo la rabara. Mphamvu yake yoyimitsa idzadalira kwambiri brake yakumbuyo, popanda chiopsezo chocheperako kuposa njinga yamoto wamba, chifukwa ekseli yakumbuyo imakhala yolemera. Ndipo ndi lingaliro la kukana kwabwinoko ku mphamvu za braking za wokwerayo, mikono idzakulitsidwa ndikukulitsidwa. Mukakankhira mmwamba, chiphaso cholimba ndi pamene manja anu akupindika, osati pamene akutambasula!
Ndipo ABS mu zonsezi?
ABS ili ndi chitetezo chochepetsera chiwopsezo chachikulu cha braking: kutseka kwa magudumu, kuchulukitsa kwa chiwopsezo cha kugwa ndi manyazi mukamaliza mayendedwe anu pamimba (kapena kumbuyo) mosangalatsa. Koma chifukwa chakuti muli ndi ABS sizitanthauza kuti chidaliro choperekedwa ndi pulogalamuyi kumabweretsa kulepheretsa chidwi chofanana ndi nkhuku motsutsana ndi kyubu ya Rubik, ndikuti sitiyenera kuphunzira kuswa chifukwa. ABS sichepetsa mtunda wa braking... Nthawi zina, imatha kutalikitsa. Izi zimathandiza kusunga ulamuliro.
Kaya yodzaza ndi tchipisi tamagetsi kapena ayi, njinga yamoto imagwirizana ndi malamulo achilengedwe ndipo kutsatira malamulowo kumapangitsa kuti zonse ziziyenda bwino.
Momwemonso, kukhala ndi ABS sikumakumasulani kudziwa "kuwerenga msewu," chomwe ndi chofunikira kwambiri kwa aliyense woyendetsa njinga. Mibadwo ina ya ABS siikonda tokhala (chomera chamagetsi sichimapindika mokwanira kuti chiphatikize mayendedwe a chassis) ndipo amakonda "kumasula mabuleki" ndikupatsa dalaivala wake mphindi yabwino ya kusungulumwa, pomwe m'misewu ina ya dipatimenti ma bituminous amatha kukhala ndi magawo osiyanasiyana. wa grip. Choncho, woyendetsa njinga wodziwa bwino ayenera kuwerenga msewu (kapena njanji) bwino.
Zachidziwikire, mibadwo yaposachedwa ya ABS ikuchita bwino kwambiri, ndipo masiku ano machitidwe ena (ndi mitundu ina ya njinga zamoto) amapereka machitidwe odabwitsa kwambiri ndipo atha kukhala osinthika molingana ndi kayendetsedwe kake. Koma ABS, yoperekedwa kwa olowera-level roadsters zaka zingapo zapitazo, anali wangwiro, osatchulapo ABS kuyambira 1990s oyambirira, amene si ovomerezeka kusiya mwamphamvu monga bumpy, bumpy yosalala kusintha ikuyandikira, apo ayi inu kukwanira Michelin!
Chifukwa chake, kukhala ndi ABS sikumakumasulani kuti musadziwe malamulowa ndikugwiritsanso ntchito kuchepetsa mabuleki: kusamutsa anthu ambiri, ndiye kuti mumamanga mabuleki ndikumasula kukakamiza komaliza pamene mukuyandikira kulowa pakona. Izi zimalepheretsa matayala kuti asamangidwe ndi mphamvu za centrifugal ndi braking. Apo ayi, chifukwa cha zoyesayesa ziwirizi, pali chiopsezo chachikulu chothyola ellipse ya tayala ... Ndipo patatra ...
Kodi tiyenera kuchepetsa?
Kulekeranji! Pankhani ya braking oyambirira, kutsitsa kudzabwezeretsa katundu pang'ono ku tayala lakumbuyo, kotero thandizani kukhazikika kwa njinga isanasamutsidwe misa. Mukungoyenera kuganizira momwe injini ikugwirira ntchito: simubwereranso kumbuyo monga ndi mono kapena awiri, monga atatu kapena kuposerapo.
Pakachitika braking mwadzidzidzi, downshifting n'kopanda ntchito, ndipo mulimonse, ngati n'kofunikadi, mulibe nthawi. Kuyendetsa ndikwambiri, ndipo pakagwa mwadzidzidzi, simukhudza chosankha.
Langizo limodzi lomaliza: masewera olimbitsa thupi ndikukonzekera
Monga English amati, kuchita kumapangitsa kukhala wangwiro: Kuti mupewe kugwidwa mwadzidzidzi tsiku lomwe mwadzidzimutsa (kapena kungopeza njinga yatsopano), ndi bwino kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. M'malo oimikapo magalimoto, m'malo opanda anthu ogulitsa mafakitale, pamalo otetezeka, palibe kupanikizana kwa magalimoto. Tengani nthawi yobwereza magawo onse a braking pa liwiro lanu ndikumva momwe njinga yamoto ikuyendera. Kenako onjezerani liwiro. Pang'ono ndi pang'ono. Ndi matayala otentha ndi kuyeseza, mudzadabwitsidwa ndi kuima kwenikweni kwa njinga yamoto yanu.
Mwa njira, ndi mabuleki?
Mwaona tidatsala pang'ono kukupatsani nkhani ya braking yomwe simakamba za mabuleki. Zingakhale zochititsa chidwi zolembalemba: Le Repaire, kutsogolo kwa utolankhani woyesera!
Lever, master cylinder, brake fluid, hose, calipers, pads, discs: ntchito yomaliza imatengeranso kwambiri chipangizochi! Mkhalidwe wa mbale umafufuzidwa nthawi zonse ndipo madzimadziwo sakhala kwamuyaya ndipo akulimbikitsidwa kuti asinthe zaka ziwiri zilizonse. Pomaliza, fusesi ya brake lever idzasinthidwa kuti ikhale yomasuka ndi kuwongolera uku.
Mfundo imodzi yomaliza: Zonse zikadziwika bwino ndipo mudzakhala mlenje waluso, yang'anani magalimoto omwe ali kumbuyo kwanu mumsewu ... onani Tail Machine Gun Syndrome.
