Matayala achisanu. Kodi amafunikira kuti ku Europe?

Pali zokambilana zokhuza ngati kusintha matayala a nyengo kukhale kovomerezeka m'dziko lathu kapena ayi. Mabungwe amakampani - momveka - akufuna kuyambitsa ntchito yotere, madalaivala amakayikira kwambiri lingaliro ili ndipo amangonena za "nzeru". Ndipo zikuwoneka bwanji ku Europe?

M'mayiko 29 a ku Ulaya omwe adayambitsa kufunikira koyendetsa matayala m'nyengo yozizira kapena nyengo zonse, woimira malamulo amatchula nthawi kapena zikhalidwe za malamulowa. Ambiri aiwo ndi masiku enieni a kalendala - malamulo otere amapezeka m'maiko 16. Ndi mayiko awiri okha omwe ali ndiudindowu potengera momwe misewu ilili. Kuwonetsa tsiku lachidziwitso pankhaniyi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yothetsera vutoli - izi ndizowonetseratu zomveka bwino zomwe sizikukayikira. Malinga ndi bungwe la Polish Tire Industry Association, malamulo otere akuyenera kuyambitsidwanso ku Poland kuyambira Disembala 2 mpaka Marichi 1. 

N’chifukwa chiyani kuyambika kwa lamuloli kumasintha chilichonse? Chifukwa chakuti madalaivala amakhala ndi nthawi yoikidwiratu, ndipo safunika kudabwa ngati asinthe matayala kapena ayi. Ku Poland, deti ili ndi Disembala 1. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, malinga ndi zomwe zakhala zikuchitika kwa nthawi yayitali kuchokera ku Institute of Meteorology and Water Management, kutentha m'dziko lonselo kumakhala pansi pa 5-7 ° C - ndipo izi ndizo malire pamene matayala a chilimwe amatha. Ngakhale kutentha kuli pafupi ndi 10-15 madigiri Celsius kwa masiku angapo, matayala amakono achisanu sadzakhala owopsa kwambiri ndi kutsika kotsatira kwa kutentha kwa matayala a nyengo zonse, akutsindika Piotr Sarnecki, CEO wa Polish Tire Industry Association (PZPO) . ).

M’mayiko amene matayala m’nyengo yozizira amafunikira, mwayi wa ngozi yapamsewu wachepa ndi pafupifupi 46% poyerekeza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito matayala a m’chilimwe m’nyengo yachisanu, malinga ndi kafukufuku wa bungwe la European Commission pa mbali zina za chitetezo mukamagwiritsa ntchito matayala.

Lipotili likutsimikiziranso kuti kukhazikitsidwa kwa lamulo lalamulo loyendetsa matayala m'nyengo yozizira kumachepetsa chiwerengero cha ngozi zomwe zimapha ndi 3% - ndipo izi ndizochepa chabe, chifukwa pali mayiko omwe awonetsa kuchepa kwa ngozi ndi 20%. . M'mayiko onse kumene kugwiritsa ntchito matayala achisanu kumafunika, izi zimagwiranso ntchito kwa matayala a nyengo zonse ndi chilolezo chachisanu (chizindikiro cha snowflake motsutsana ndi phiri).

Zofunikira pa matayala a dzinja ku Europe: 

malamulo	Chigawo
Kalendala udindo (zotanthauziridwa ndi masiku osiyanasiyana)	Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Slovenia, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Sweden, Finland Belarus, Russia, Norway, Serbia, Bosnia ndi Herzegovina, Moldova, Macedonia, Turkey
Kuvomerezedwa kumadalira nyengo zokha	Germany, Luxembourg
Kalendala yosakanizidwa ndi malonjezano anyengo	Austria, Croatia, Romania, Slovakia
Udindo woperekedwa ndi zizindikiro	Spain, France, Italy
Udindo wa dalaivala kuti asinthe galimotoyo m'nyengo yozizira komanso zotsatira zachuma za ngozi ndi matayala achilimwe	Switzerland, Liechtenstein

Poland ndi dziko lokhalo la EU lomwe lili ndi nyengo yotere, pomwe malamulowo sapereka kufunikira koyendetsa panyengo yozizira kapena matayala anthawi zonse m'nyengo yophukira-yozizira. Kafukufuku, wotsimikiziridwa ndi zowonera m'mashopu amagalimoto, akuwonetsa kuti mpaka 1/3, ndiko kuti, pafupifupi madalaivala 6 miliyoni, amagwiritsa ntchito matayala achilimwe m'nyengo yozizira. Izi zikutanthauza kuti payenera kukhala malamulo omveka bwino - kuyambira tsiku lomwe galimotoyo iyenera kukhala ndi matayala oterowo. Dziko lathu lili ndi kuchuluka kwa ngozi zapamsewu ku European Union. Anthu oposa 3000 amaphedwa m’misewu ya ku Poland chaka chilichonse kwa zaka makumi angapo, ndipo ngozi zapamsewu pafupifupi theka la miliyoni zachitika. Pazidziwitso izi, tonse timalipira mabilu ndikukwera mitengo ya inshuwaransi.

 

Matayala a m'chilimwe sagwira bwino galimoto ngakhale m'misewu yowuma yotentha pansi pa 7ºC - kenaka mphira yomwe ili m'mapazi awo imalimba, zomwe zimachititsa kuti kugwedezeka kwamphamvu, makamaka m'misewu yonyowa, yoterera. Mtunda wa braking umatalikitsidwa ndipo kuthekera kotumiza torque kumsewu kumachepetsedwa kwambiri. Kuponderezedwa kwa matayala a nyengo yachisanu ndi nyengo zonse kumakhala kofewa ndipo, chifukwa cha silika, sikuumitsa pa kutentha kochepa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti samataya elasticity ndikugwira bwino kuposa matayala a chilimwe pa kutentha kochepa, ngakhale pamisewu youma, mvula komanso makamaka pa matalala.

Onaninso. Opel Ultimate. Zida zotani?

Zotsatira zoyesa zikuwonetsa momwe matayala omwe ali okwanira kutentha, chinyezi ndi kuterera kwa pamwamba kumathandiza dalaivala kuyendetsa galimoto ndikutsimikizira kusiyana pakati pa matayala achisanu ndi chilimwe - osati pamisewu yachisanu, komanso m'misewu yonyowa m'malo ozizira. nyengo. kutentha kwa autumn ndi dzinja:

• Pamsewu wa chipale chofewa pa liwiro la 48 km / h, galimoto yokhala ndi matayala m'nyengo yozizira idzaphwanya galimoto ndi matayala achilimwe ndi mamita 31!
• Pamalo onyowa pamtunda wa 80 km / h ndi kutentha kwa + 6 ° C, mtunda woyimitsa galimoto pa matayala a chilimwe unali wotalika mamita 7 kusiyana ndi galimoto pa matayala achisanu. Magalimoto otchuka kwambiri ndiatali opitilira 4 metres. Pamene galimoto yokhala ndi matayala m’nyengo yozizira inayima, galimoto yokhala ndi matayala a m’chilimwe inali kuyendabe pa liwiro lopitirira 32 km/h.
• Pamalo onyowa pamtunda wa 90 km / h ndi kutentha kwa +2 ° C, mtunda woyimitsa galimoto ndi matayala a chilimwe unali wautali mamita 11 kusiyana ndi galimoto yokhala ndi matayala achisanu.

Kumbukirani kuti matayala ovomerezeka m'nyengo yozizira ndi nyengo zonse ndi matayala omwe amatchedwa chizindikiro cha Alpine - chipale chofewa cholimbana ndi phiri. Chizindikiro cha M + S, chomwe chikupezekabe pa matayala lerolino, chimangofotokozera kuyenera kwa kupondaponda kwa matope ndi matalala, koma opanga matayala amapereka mwakufuna kwawo. Matayala okhala ndi M+S okha koma opanda chizindikiro cha chipale chofewa m'phirili alibe mphira wofewa wachisanu, womwe ndi wofunikira pakazizira. M + S yokhayokha yopanda chizindikiro cha Alpine imatanthauza kuti tayala si nyengo yachisanu kapena nyengo yonse.

Ndi ntchito yathu yolemba kuwonjezera kuti kuchepa kwa chidwi cha madalaivala mu nyengo zonse kapena matayala achisanu ndi chifukwa cha nyengo yomwe yakhala ikuchitika kwa zaka zingapo. Nyengo yachisanu imakhala yaifupi komanso yachisanu kuposa kale. Choncho, madalaivala ena amaona ngati kuli bwino kugwiritsa ntchito matayala a chilimwe chaka chonse, poganizira za chiopsezo chokhudzana ndi, mwachitsanzo, chipale chofewa cholemera, kapena kusankha kugula matayala owonjezera ndikuwasintha. Sitikuvomereza kuwerengera koteroko. Komabe, n’zosatheka kusazindikira.

Timadabwanso pang'ono kuti PZPO ikufuna kufotokoza udindo umenewu kuyambira pa December 1 mpaka March 1, ndiko kuti, kwa miyezi 3 yokha. Nthawi yachisanu m'madera athu imatha kuyamba ngakhale pa Disembala 1 ndipo imatha pa Marichi 1. Kuyambitsa kuvomerezedwa kwa matayala achisanu kwa miyezi itatu, m'malingaliro athu, sikungalimbikitse madalaivala kusintha matayala, komanso kulepheretsa kusintha kwa matayala. Izi ndichifukwa choti madalaivala, monga momwe zenizeni zikuwonetsera, amadikirira mpaka mphindi yomaliza kuti tayala lisinthe.

Onaninso: Mitundu iwiri ya Fiat mu mtundu watsopano