ZAZ

Zamkatimu FounderEmblemHistory of ZAZ carsMafunso ndi mayankho: Zaporozhye Automobile Plant (chidule ZAZ) ndi kampani yopanga magalimoto yomwe inamangidwa ku USSR m'gawo la Ukraine mumzinda wa Zaporozhye. Vector yopanga imayang'ana magalimoto, mabasi ndi ma vani. Pali mitundu ingapo ya kulengedwa kwa mbewuyi: Yoyamba idatengera kuti mbewuyo idapangidwa poyambirira, yomwe idapangidwa mwaluso kwambiri yopanga makina aulimi. Kampaniyi idakhazikitsidwa ndi wopanga mafakitale waku Dutch Abraham Koop mu 1863. Kusintha kwachiwiri, tsiku la maziko likugwa 1908 ndikukhazikitsidwa kwa Melitopol Motor Plant, yomwe mtsogolomo idagulitsa mayunitsi opanga magetsi ku ZAZ. Njira yachitatu ikukhudzana ndi 1923, pomwe kampani yomwe imagwira ntchito zamakina aulimi Koopa idasintha dzina lake kukhala Kommunar. Nikita Khrushchov adabwera ndi lingaliro loyambira kupanga magalimoto pa chomera ichi. Kutulutsa koyamba kwa magalimoto kunali kocheperako kofanana ndi "malingaliro a Khrushchev" mu mawonekedwe a nyumba zazing'ono za nthawiyo. Kale m'dzinja la 1958, boma la USSR anatengera chigamulo kusintha vekitala kupanga Kommunar ku makina ulimi kupanga magalimoto ang'onoang'ono. Njira yopangira zitsanzo zamagalimoto amtsogolo idayamba. Mfundo zazikulu za kupanga zinali compactness, compactness, kuphweka ndi kupepuka kwa galimoto. Chitsanzo cha kampani ya ku Italy Fiat chinatengedwa ngati chitsanzo cha chitsanzo chamtsogolo. Kulengedwa kwa galimoto kunayamba mu 1956 ndipo chaka chotsatira chitsanzo cha 444 chinatulutsidwa. Moskvich 444 wotchuka ankafanana pafupifupi makhalidwe onse a chitsanzo chitsanzo. Poyamba, chitsanzocho chinakonzedwa kuti chidzasonkhanitsidwe ku Moscow plant MZMA, koma chifukwa cha katundu wolemera, ntchitoyi inasamutsidwa ku Kommunar. Patapita zaka zingapo, kupanga chitsanzo china subcompact anayamba, galimoto ZAZ 965 ankatchedwa "Humpbacked" chifukwa thupi. Ndipo kumbuyo kwake kunapangidwanso chitsanzo chimodzi cha ZAZ 966, koma adawona dziko lapansi patatha zaka 6 chifukwa cha malingaliro a zachuma a akuluakulu omwe amawona kuti ndizosatheka kuwolowa manja kupanga magalimoto pachaka. Malingana ndi mbiri, chitsanzo chilichonse chatsopano chinayesedwa ku Kryml ndi boma, panthawiyo Nikita Khrushchev anali wapampando wa Council of Ministers. Pa chochitika chotero, 965 amatchedwa "Zaporozhets". Mu 1963, lingaliro la kupanga galimoto yaying'ono yokhala ndi magudumu akutsogolo idakhazikitsidwa. Woyambitsa lingaliro ili anali injiniya Vladimir Stoshenko, ndipo patapita zaka zingapo zitsanzo zingapo zinapangidwa. Komanso, kuwonjezera pa kupanga magalimoto, kupanga ma vani ndi magalimoto kunayamba. Mu 1987 wotchuka "Tavria" anaona dziko. Pambuyo kugwa kwa USSR, mavuto azachuma anayamba mu ZAZ. Iwo anaganiza kupeza bwenzi mu munthu wa kampani yachilendo ndi kukonza malonda awo. Nthawi yofunikira m'mbiri ya kampaniyo inali mgwirizano ndi Daewoo. Ndipo ZAZ inayamba kusonkhanitsa zitsanzo za kampaniyi pansi pa chilolezo. Ndipo mu 2003, zochitika ziwiri zazikulu zinachitika: kampaniyo inasintha mawonekedwe ake a umwini ndipo tsopano inakhala CJSC Zaporozhye Automobile Building Plant ndi kutha kwa mgwirizano ndi kampani yamagalimoto ya ku Germany Opel. Mgwirizano umenewu unakhudza kwambiri kupanga magalimoto, monga kupeza umisiri watsopano wa kampani ya ku Germany inatsegulidwa. Njira yopangira idawongoleredwa kwambiri. Kuphatikiza pakupanga magalimoto a Daewoo ndi Opel, kupanga kwamagalimoto a KIA kudayamba mu 2009. Mu 2017, kupanga magalimoto kunayimitsidwa, koma kupanga zida zopumira sikunayime. Ndipo mu 2018 adalengezedwa kuti anali bankirapuse. Woyambitsa Zaporozhye Automobile Building Plant adapangidwa ndi akuluakulu a Soviet. Chizindikiro Chizindikiro cha ZAZ chili ndi chozungulira chokhala ndi chitsulo chasiliva mkati mwake muli zitsulo ziwiri zomwe zimayenda kuchokera pansi kumanzere kwa oval kupita kumanja. Poyamba, chizindikirocho chinaperekedwa ngati munthu wa malo opangira magetsi opangira magetsi a Zaporozhye. Mbiri yamagalimoto a ZAZ M'dzinja la 1960, ZAZ idatulutsa mtundu wa ZAZ 965. Chiyambi cha thupi chinamubweretsera kutchuka ndi dzina lakutchulidwa "Hunchback". Mu 1966, ZAZ 966 anatuluka ndi thupi sedan ndi injini 30-ndiyamphamvu, patapita pang'ono panali Baibulo kusinthidwa okonzeka ndi 40-ndiyamphamvu wagawo mphamvu, wokhoza imathamanga kwa 125 km / h. ZAZ 970 inali galimoto yokhala ndi chokwera chaching'ono. Komanso mu nthawi imeneyo anapangidwa van 970B ndi chitsanzo 970 V - minibus ndi mipando 6. Galimoto yomaliza "yapakhomo" yokhala ndi injini yomwe ili kumbuyo kwake inali chitsanzo cha ZAZ 968M. Mapangidwe a galimotoyo anali akale komanso ophweka kwambiri, omwe amatchedwa chitsanzo pakati pa anthu "Soapbox". Mu 1976, sedan yoyendetsa kutsogolo idapangidwa ndipo galimoto ya hatchback yokhala ndi magudumu onse idapangidwa. Zitsanzo ziwirizi zinakhala maziko a chilengedwe cha "Tavria". 1987 anali kuwonekera koyamba kugulu la "Tavria" yemweyo mu chitsanzo ZAZ 1102, amene ali ndi mapangidwe abwino ndi mtengo bajeti. 1988 idapangidwa ndi "Slavuta" pamaziko a "Tavria", yokhala ndi thupi la sedan. Pazosowa za fakitale, kusinthidwa kwa chitsanzo cha 1991 M - 968 PM kunapangidwa mu 968, chokhala ndi galimoto yonyamula katundu popanda kabati yakumbuyo. Kugwirizana ndi Daewoo kunatulutsa kutulutsa kwamitundu monga ZAZ 1102/1103/1105 (Tavria, Slavuta, Dana). Mafunso ndi mayankho: Kodi ZAZ 2021 imapanga chiyani? Mu 2021, Zaporozhye Automobile Plant idzapanga mabasi atsopano kuderali, ndipo idzapanganso mabasi a ZAZ A09 "wamtunda". Zodabwitsa za basi iyi mu injini ndi kufala kwa Mercedes-Benz. Kodi ZAZ imapanga magalimoto otani? Chomerachi chinayamba kusonkhanitsa Lada Vesta, X-Ray ndi Largus. Kuphatikiza pakupanga mitundu yatsopano ya ZAZ ndi kupanga mabasi, ma crossovers aku French Renault Arkana amasonkhanitsidwa pamalowo. Kodi ZAZ inatseka liti? Otsiriza zoweta galimoto ndi masanjidwe kumbuyo-injini ZAZ-968M linatulutsidwa mu 1994 (July 1). Mu 2018, chomeracho chinasiya kusonkhanitsa magalimoto aku Ukraine.