Mayeso pagalimoto Porsche 911 Carrera
Chaputala chatsopano m'mbiri ya 911 Carrera wayamba, ndipo ilibe m'modzi mwa anthu ofunikira m'mbuyomu - injini yachilengedwe. Mafaniwo akwiya, koma kampaniyo sinachitire mwina ...
Chaputala chatsopano m'mbiri ya 911 Carrera wayamba, ndipo ilibe m'modzi mwa anthu ofunikira m'mbuyomu - injini yachilengedwe. Fans amakwiya, koma kampaniyo sinachitire mwina: galimoto yatsopanoyo imayenera kukhala yamphamvu kwambiri komanso nthawi yomweyo yosamalira zachilengedwe. Izi sizingatheke popanda turbocharging.
Chochititsa chidwi kwambiri pakuwoneka bwino kwambiri kwa 911 Carrera ndi malo okhala m'mphepete mwa bampala wakumbuyo momwe mpweya wozizira womwe umachokera pakati pawo umathawa. Chifukwa cha iwo, mapaipi otulutsa utsi amapita pakati. Mwa zina zosintha mawonekedwe - "zodzoladzola" zomwe zidakonzedwa, chifukwa mndandanda wa 911 udawonetsedwa zaka zitatu zapitazo ndipo ndi nthawi yotsitsimutsa kapangidwe kake pang'ono. Komabe, mawonekedwe apamwamba agalimoto amasungidwa mosamala ku Porsche. Iyi ndi galimoto yofananira "yamaso otsogola" yokhala ndi kanyumba kapamwamba kosasiya okwera kumbuyo mwayi wowongoka misana yawo osapumitsa mitu yawo kudenga.
Ndikusintha, 911 Carrera adalandira zambiri zamawonekedwe a retro. Zogwirira zitseko zopanda mapepala, cholumikizira mpweya chokhala ndi ma slats pafupipafupi - zonse zili ngati pamagalimoto amasewera kuyambira m'ma 1960. Ukadaulo waposachedwa ndi wolumikizana ndi frank retro: madontho anayi a LED mu nyali iliyonse, chiwongolero chokhala ndi mitu yotseguka ya bawuti pa masipoko ndi makina ochapira osankha pagalimoto. Pakatikati mwa thanthwe la gulu lakutsogolo lapamwamba ndi chithunzi chatsopano cha multimedia chokhala ndi zithunzi zamtundu wa iOS.
Mumalowa m'dziko la Porsche 911 nthawi yomweyo ndikuya kwambiri - kutsetsereka kumakhala kochepa komanso kolimba, sikophweka kutuluka mgalimoto. Dzikoli lili ndi ma dials ambiri, mabatani ndi zikopa zapamwamba zokhala ndi zingwe za chrome, ndipo zimakonzedwa mwanjira yachilendo. Galimotoyi ikuwoneka ngati yokhala ndi anthu anayi, koma kwa munthu wamkulu palibe mwayi umodzi wokhala kumbuyo. Mutha pinda kumbuyo ndikunyamula mzere wachiwiri ndi zinthu, makamaka popeza chipinda chakutsogolo ndi chopapatiza. Koma muyenera kutsegula pakhomo lakumbali - 911 Carrera ilibe chilichonse ngati chivindikiro cha thunthu.
Carrera adakhalabe wopapatiza: injini yamagetsi samafuna kukulitsa mabwalo am'mbuyo ndi mipweya yowonjezeramo, monga momwe ziliri mu 911 Turbo. Kutuluka kwa mpweya kwa ma turbines ndi ma intercoolers kumalowa kudzera mu kabati ka aft. M'nyengo yotentha, mpweya wowonjezera wama intercoolers umathandizira kuchotsa zoyambilira kumbuyo - zimangodutsa pamakilomita 60 pa ola limodzi.
Carrera ndi Carrera S ali ndi gawo limodzi la 3,0-litre twin-turbo boxer unit. Poyamba, imayamba 370 hp. ndi 450 Nm, wachiwiri - 420 hp. ndi mamita 500 a newton. Zotsatira zake, galimotoyo idakhala magawo awiri mwa magawo khumi mwachangu, ndipo liwiro lalikulu lidakulanso pang'ono. Carrera wabwinobwino adafika pafupi ndi mzere wa 300 km / h, ndipo Carrera S wokhala ndi phukusi la Sport Chrono mwachangu mpaka XNUMX km / h koyamba adatuluka pamasekondi anayi.
Kugwiritsa ntchito turbocharging kwasintha kwambiri mawonekedwe a injini. Imasinthirabe mpaka 7500 chikwi rpm, koma khadi yake yayikulu ya lipenga - makokedwe akulu - imafalikira nthawi yomweyo, pomwe singano ya tachometer sinathebe kugonjetsa nambala "2". Mu Sport mode, kuthamanga kwa injini kumakwera nthawi yomweyo kupita kumalo opangira mafuta.
Pansi pa mseu, nyanja ikusefukira - anali mawonekedwe amlengalenga 911. Zinkawoneka kuti mukuyandama pakhomo kuchokera pachombo chomwe chamira ndipo mwaponyedwa mopanda chifundo kuchokera pamafunde kupita pamafunde mpaka mutafika pachimake, ndipo singano ya tachometer idadutsa nambala 5. Cholinga cha injini yatsopanoyo, m'malo mwake, ndi tsunami yachisanu : mumadzipeza nokha pamwamba pomwe, mumafinyidwa m'chiwombankhanga chake kuchokera pachithamangitsidwe chodabwitsa, koma mozungulira bata komanso osagundika pamadzi.
GT3 ya wophunzitsayo imagwedeza njira yokhotakhota yodutsa mchimake ndi mkokomo, mokokomeza. Kusintha kulikonse kwamagalimoto kuli ngati kuwomba mkwapulo. A Carreras kumbuyo kwake amang'ung'uza ngati njuchi zokwiya. Ndipo kokha pamizere yayifupi pomwe amalira, gurgle, kuwombera ndi utsi. Ndipo mkanyumbako amalimbikitsanso mluzu mofuula komanso modabwitsa. Nthaka yachizolowezi ya 911 ndiyowonda pang'ono kuposa Eski: ambiri, mawu a turbo sikisi yatsopano atsika ndipo siokonda ngati galimoto yapamlengalenga. Chitsulo mmawu ake chazimiririka, ndipo injini ikangoyenda ikung'ung'udza pang'ono pang'ono.
Pofunafuna zomveka bwino, ndikusindikiza batani lotulutsa masewera. Imawonjezera mamvekedwe odabwitsa komanso mabingu kwa wotsutsa, ngati kuti megaphone idalumikizidwa ndi chitoliro chotulutsa mpweya. Phokoso ili ndilochilengedwe kwambiri - makina omvera satenga nawo mbali pakupanga kwake.
Kuphatikiza kwa 911 Carrera ndi "makanika" ndizodabwitsa kwambiri, koma chodabwitsa kwambiri ndi kuchuluka kwa masitepe pakufalitsa - chifukwa cha chuma pali zisanu ndi ziwiri. Bokosi ili laperekedwa kuyambira nthawi isanakhale makongoletsedwe, koma ku Russia magalimoto otere sadziwika ndipo safunikira. ZF kampani analenga "zimakina" pa maziko a "roboti" PDK, yekha alibe zowomba awiri, koma mmodzi, koma awiri chimbale chimodzi, kuti agaye makokedwe injini. Ma transmissions ali ndi magiya ofanana, ndipo magiyawo ndi aatali kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, pa Carrera S yachiwiri imathamangira ku 118 km / h, ndipo yachitatu - mpaka 170. Bokosi, ngakhale kuti ndi buku lamanja, limasonyeza kusasamala: limayendetsa kwambiri popita pansi, ndikukuuzani siteji iti. kusankha, ndipo sikudzakulolani kuchita cholakwika (mwachitsanzo, phatikizani pambuyo pa 5 nthawi yomweyo 7). Kodi sizingakhale bwino kusankha PDK "roboti" yomwe imachita zonse yokha? Kuphatikiza apo, sizimadza ndi kusiyana kodzitsekera komwe kuli pakati, koma loko yoyendetsedwa ndimagetsi, yomwe imathandizira kupotoza mosavuta kutembenuka kwa gasi. Makina oterowo alinso ndi batani la "accelerator" pachiwongolero - pakatikati pomwe chosinthira chatsopano chosinthira. Dinani pa izo, ndipo mkati mwa masekondi 20 muli ndi mwayi wofikira zomwe 911 Carrera yatsopano ingachite. Chinthu chofunika kwambiri mukadutsa, makamaka pamene mukuyenera kuzungulira Porsche ina.
Kutenga 911 ndiye njira yachangu kwambiri: matayala akumbuyo a 305mm amdima wakuda Carrera S coupe amaphulitsa galimoto yathu ndimiyala. Chifukwa cha kukula kwa matayala, galimoto yomwe yasinthidwa tsopano ikuyamba ndikuwongolera popanda kuterereka ndikugwiritsitsa kwambiri phula.
Porsche 911 yakumbuyo yakhala yotchuka ngati galimoto yamasewera kwa woyendetsa wozindikira, koma pa njoka zopota komanso zopapatiza za Tenerife, ndizomvera modabwitsa. Apa mumapeza chisangalalo osati chifukwa chakuwongolera chinthu chobisalira chomwe chimayesetsa kutsetsereka kumbuyo kwamphamvu, koma kuchokera pa liwiro lomwe, pomwe limayang'aniridwa, limasunthidwa potembenukira kwina, kuchokera momwe limamvera modzipereka ya chiwongolero.
Dongosolo lolamulira bata la PSM tsopano lili ndi masewera apakatikati, omwe amapatsa driver dalaivala. Koma ngakhale ndi mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi, sizovuta kuyika axle yakumbuyo mu skid. Momwemonso, mutha kukhala opanda inshuwaransi yamagetsi palimodzi. Komabe, Ajeremani akadakondabe kusewera motetezeka: njira yolimbitsa, kuzimitsidwa kotheratu ndi kiyi yayitali ya kiyi, imadzukanso ndikuphwanya kwakuthwa.
Ma dampers olamulidwa ndi zamagetsi tsopano akuperekedwa ngati muyezo, ndipo Porsche ali ndi chidaliro kuti galimotoyo ndiyabwino komanso yoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku. Ndipo zowonadi, pali mpukutu pamakona, chifukwa chake ndibwino kuyika chassis mumayendedwe amasewera. Koma pamavuto opanikizika komanso magudumu a 20-inchi, coupe imayamba kunjenjemera pamafunde a phula: msewu wapamtunda ku Tenerife sikuti uli pabwino paliponse.
Mwachidziwitso, chosinthika cha Carrera S chiyenera kukwera molimba kuposa coupe - ndi cholemera 60 kg ndipo makina opindika padenga amawonjezera katundu ku ekisi yakumbuyo. M'malo otonthoza, galimotoyo imagwedezeka pang'ono pamabampu. Chifukwa chake ndi mabuleki a ceramic ophatikizika, omwe amalemera pang'ono kuposa muyezo. Chosinthikacho chikuwoneka chosonkhanitsidwa kwambiri, chifukwa chimakhala ndi makina opondereza a PDCC. Koma ndizocheperako poyerekeza ndi coupe, ndipo ndizolimba kwambiri pamasewera. Kumbuyo kolemedwa kumakhudzanso kagwiridwe, kotero kuti chassis-wheel-drive, yoyesedwa kale pa 911 Turbo ndi GT3, ndipo tsopano ikupezeka kwa Carrera, sidzakhala malo. Mawilo akumbuyo amazungulira limodzi ndi akutsogolo, ngati akufupikitsa kapena kukulitsa wheelbase. Pothamanga kwambiri, amawonjezera kukhazikika kwamayendedwe, pa liwiro lotsika amathandizira kuyendetsa.
Momwe tidaphonyera njirayi dzulo, pomwe tidakonzekera kukonza pamsewu ndikutembenuka pang'ono. Mbali inayi, galimotoyo ikadatha kutukula mphuno pang'ono kuti ithetse kusiyana kwakukulu pakukwera pakati pa msewu wakumtunda ndi phula. Ndipo zotembenuka zamasiku ano momwemonso zayikiratu kutsogolo kwake pachotchinga chowoneka ngati chopanda vuto - kuyimitsidwa kwa magalimoto atsopano tsopano ndi sentimita imodzi kutsika.
Mayeso onse a 911 adayendetsedwa mosiyana, ndipo palibe kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa Carrera watsopano ndi Carrera S - onse mu injini ndi kulemera kwake, komanso pamakonda a chassis. Katswiri wokonza galimotoyo pakampaniyi a Eberhard Armbrust adatsimikiza kuti kuyimitsidwa kwagalimoto ndikofanana. M'malo mwake, zazing'ono kwambiri pazida zimawonetsedwa poyendetsa. Mwachitsanzo, pomwe Carrera S wakumbuyo "wamagudumu 20" ndi ovuta kuthamangira, ndiye kuti Carrera wamba pamatayala ochepera 19 "akuwonetsa machitidwe ena obwerera kumbuyo. Mtundu wa S ndiwokhazikika komanso mtunduwu umalimbikitsa chassis yathunthu. Kukhazikika ndikofunikira pagalimoto osati panjira pokha komanso pamsewu. Ndikosavuta kusokonezeka ndi kuchuluka kwa zosankhazi, komabe, zimakupatsani mwayi wopanga galimoto yokhala ndi munthu.
Otsitsimulidwa 911 Carrera ndi mtundu wachipembedzo wokhala ndi malamulo okhwima. Ndipo ena mwa omvera ake amakhulupirira kuti "Neunelfte" yeniyeni iyenera kukhala yoti iziziriridwa ndi mpweya. Fans amakondabe magalimoto awa, ndipo ngakhale pakati pa mainjiniya a Porsche pali kalabu ya eni 911 yokhala ndi ma mpweya. Armbrust ilinso ndi makina otere, mwa njira, yemwe wakhala akugwira ntchito pakampaniyi kwazaka zopitilira makumi atatu. Koma mukamufunsa kuti ndi uti mwa mibadwo yagalimoto yomwe ndiyabwino kwambiri, anena mosazengereza kuti ndiyotsiriza. Ndipo palibe kutsatsa kwamalonda m'mawu ake. Porsche 911 yatsopano iyenera kukhala yabwinoko kuposa yapita: yamphamvu kwambiri, mwachangu, komanso kwakanthawi yopanda ndalama zambiri.
Macan GTS imawoneka ngati mtundu wachisoni komanso wowopsa. Mitundu yowala yamthupi imatulutsa zinthu zoyipa. Ngakhale chizindikiro cha Porsche pachikuto cha boot ndi chakuda, ndipo magetsi adetsedwa. Dusk amalamulira mkati kuchokera pakuchuluka kwa Alcantara wakuda.
Pambuyo pa Porsche 911, momwe Macan GTS imagwirira ntchito imatha. Koma pakati pa ma crossovers, ndiye galimoto yothamanga kwambiri, ndipo ndizomwe zimadziwika kwambiri ndi Porsche. Kuyimitsa molimba bwino, chilolezo chotsika pansi cha 15 mm ndi mawonekedwe oyendetsa kumbuyo - kukoka kumafalikira ku chitsulo chakutsogolo pokhapokha pakufunika kwambiri. Makina oyendetsa magudumu onsewa, kuphatikiza ndi kulumikiza kumbuyo kwamagetsi, amalola makinawo kuti ayende bwino. Ndipo kuwonongeka kwa injini kwakula kwambiri chifukwa cha kusokoneza kapangidwe kake ndi kuwonjezera kukakamizidwa.
Injiniyo imapanga ma hp 360, motero Macan GTS imayima pakati pamitundu ya S ndi Turbo. Ndipo makokedwe apamwamba omwe injini ya V6 imatha ndi 500 Nm, monga ya Carrera S.
Macan GTS ndi otsika kuposa 911 pakuthamanga: imapeza 100 km / h mumasekondi 5 - yachiwiri pang'onopang'ono kuposa Carrera wamba. Pa serpentine, iye molimba mtima amasunga mchira wake ndipo ngakhale kuchititsa dalaivala wa galimoto masewera mantha, koma kufunafuna si kophweka kwa crossover kulemera pafupifupi matani awiri, kotero inshuwaransi zamagetsi ndi mabuleki ceramic amene angathe kugwira ntchito molimbika ndi zofunika kwambiri kwa iye. .
