Dzazani galimoto
Tili kale ndi magalimoto okwana 2 miliyoni ku Poland. Kukwera kwa mitengo ya petulo kukuchititsa kuti madalaivala ambiri azigwiritsa ntchito mafutawa.
Palibe amene amadabwa ndikudzaza BMW kapena Jaguar ndi gasi wa liquefied pamalo opangira mafuta. Chabwino, aliyense amadziwa kuwerengera, ndipo potsanulira propane-butane, timasiya theka la ndalama pa kauntala kuposa pamene tikuwonjezera mafuta ndi ethylene.
LPG imayimira Liquefied Petroleum Gas. Chiŵerengero cha propane ndi butane mu osakaniza chimadalira nyengo ya chaka popereka mpweya wokwanira wa nthunzi (zomwe zimadalira kutentha kozungulira) - m'nyengo yozizira (November 1 - March 31) ku Poland kusakaniza ndi propane yapamwamba ndi amagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo m'chilimwe chiŵerengerocho ndi theka.
Ubwino wodziwika bwino wa LPG ndi mtengo - pomwe lita imodzi ya petulo imawononga pafupifupi PLN 4,30, lita imodzi ya gasi yodzaza mugalimoto imawononga pafupifupi PLN 2,02. "Ndizopangidwa ndi kuyeretsa mafuta," akutero Sylvia Poplawska wa Coalition for Autogas. - Chifukwa chake, mafuta okwera mtengo kwambiri, amakwera mtengo wamafuta pamasiteshoni. Mwamwayi, uku sikusintha kwakukulu poyerekeza ndi 
mitengo ya petulo - pamene ethylene ikukwera mtengo ndi ndalama khumi ndi ziwiri kapena ziwiri, mpweya wamadzimadzi ndi ochepa. Propane-butane ndi mafuta a nyengo. Panthawi yotentha, mtengo wake umakwera pafupifupi 10%.
Gasi ndi wochezeka ndi chilengedwe kuposa mafuta - ndi osakaniza mpweya ndi haidrojeni popanda zonyansa zina. Zimapanga kusakaniza kosakanikirana kwamafuta a mpweya ndikuyaka kwathunthu ngakhale injini ikazizira. Mipweya yotulutsa mpweya imakhala yoyera kuposa mafuta - chigawo chawo chachikulu ndi carbon dioxide, palibe kutsogolera, nitrogen oxides ndi sulfure. Injini imakhala chete chifukwa gasi alibe kuyaka kwamoto.
Palinso kuipa
Galimoto pa gasi ndi yofooka pang'ono. Izi zimatheka osati mu machitidwe amakono a jekeseni wa gasi. Injiniyo imakhala ndi kutentha kwapang'onopang'ono, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti m'malo mwa silinda mutu wa gasket usinthe. Mufunikanso malo a thanki - kotero thunthu lidzakhala laling'ono, ndipo ngati liri, mwachitsanzo, m'malo mwa gudumu lopuma, ndiye kuti liyenera kubisika kwinakwake.
Mukapita kudziko lina, musaiwale kutenga ma adapter apadera odzaza ndi inu, mwachitsanzo, ku Germany, Netherlands, Belgium, UK ndi mayiko aku Scandinavia, komwe ma infusions ali ndi ma diameter osiyanasiyana.
Wogula galimoto yokhala ndi gasi ayenera kufunsa wogulitsa chiphaso cha chivomerezo cha thanki - popanda izo, sadzatha kudutsa chaka ndi chaka.
Kuwonjezera apo, ena ogwira ntchito zoimika magalimoto mobisa salola kuti magalimoto oyendera gasi alowemo. "Zowonadi ali ndi ufulu," akutero kapu. Witold Labajczyk, wolankhulira dipatimenti yozimitsa moto ku Warsaw - Komabe, m'malingaliro athu, palibe chifukwa chomveka choletsa kuletsa koteroko.
Anthu ena akuwopa kuphulika kwa thanki ya gasi pakachitika ngozi - sindinamvepo za nkhaniyi, - akuti Michal Grabowski wochokera ku Auto-Gaz Centrum - Tanki ya gasi imatha kupirira kupanikizika kangapo kuposa kuthamanga kwa gasi yomwe ili nayo.
Nkhani zina
Ngati taganiza zoyika unsembe wa gasi, tiyeni tiwone ngati kudzakhala ntchito yopindulitsa pazachuma. Muyenera kuwerengera mtengo wamafuta omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pachaka komanso mtengo wamafuta ngati tidayendetsa ma kilomita omwewo (zindikirani kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta m'malita ndi pafupifupi 10-15% kuposa mafuta a petulo). Kusiyana kwa "phindu" lathu, lomwe tsopano liyenera kufananizidwa ndi mtengo wa gasi - titatha kugawa mtengo wa kukhazikitsa ndi "phindu", timapeza zaka zomwe zidzatengere kuti tibweze mtengo wa gasi. kukhazikitsa. Iyi ndiye njira yosavuta yowerengera, chifukwa muyenera kukumbukiranso kukwera mtengo kwagalimoto yoyendetsa gasi - kuyang'anira luso kumawononga ndalama zambiri (PLN 114), fyuluta yowonjezera iyenera kusinthidwa (gasi - pafupifupi PLN 30) ndipo zoona zake n'zakuti galimoto yoteroyo imafuna kusinthidwa pafupipafupi kwa ma spark plugs ndi zingwe zoyatsira (kamodzi pachaka). Pankhani yamagalimoto omwe ali ndi makhazikitsidwe a 1,5, zimatenga pafupifupi zaka XNUMX kuti zibwezeretsenso.
Komabe, n'zochititsa chidwi kuyerekeza dizilo ndi injini gasi - likukhalira kuti mu galimoto yofananira mtengo wa mafuta dizilo ntchito kuyenda 10 Km ndi wokwera pang'ono kuposa mtengo wa gasi, chifukwa dizilo nthawi zambiri ndalama. injini. Ngati tiganizira ndalama zonse, zimakhala kuti kuyika kwa gasi kumakhala kopanda phindu.
Osati zamainjini amakono
Gawo la gasi limatha kukhazikitsidwa pafupifupi pafupifupi mtundu uliwonse wa injini yoyatsira moto - ma workshop ena amawayikanso pamagalimoto oziziritsidwa ndi mpweya. Komabe, pali kuchotserapo - gasi kuperekedwa kwa injini ndi jekeseni mwachindunji mafuta mu silinda sikutheka, anati Michal Grabowski wa Auto-Gaz Centrum. - Awa ndi, mwachitsanzo, Volkswagen FSI kapena Toyota D4 injini. M'magalimoto oterowo, majekeseni a petulo adzawonongeka - atatha kutseka mafuta kwa iwo ndikusintha ku gasi, sadzakhala ozizira.
Kuyika gasi kumatha kukhazikitsidwanso pamagalimoto atsopano popanda kusokoneza chitsimikizo. General Motors (Opel, Chevrolet) amalola ntchito imeneyi pa misonkhano yake ovomerezeka. Fiat imalimbikitsa masitolo okonza enieni, pamene Citroen ndi Peugeot salola 
kukhazikitsa kwa gasi.
Ogulitsa amagulitsanso magalimoto omwe adayikidwa kale, kuphatikiza. Chevrolet, Hyundai, Kia.
Kusintha kwa kukhazikitsa
Mitundu yoyika imagawidwa m'mibadwo. Chophweka chotchedwa. M'badwo wa XNUMX adapangidwira magalimoto okhala ndi ma carburetor kapena jakisoni wamafuta opanda chosinthira chothandizira. Gasi mu mawonekedwe amadzimadzi amalowa mu reducer, kumene, akatenthedwa ndi madzi kuchokera ku dongosolo lozizira, amasintha mkhalidwe wake wophatikizana kukhala mpweya. Kenako mphamvu yake imatsika. Kuchokera pamenepo, imalowa mu chosakaniza chokhazikika chokhazikika, chomwe chimasintha mlingo wake malinga ndi zosowa za injini (i.e., kuwonjezera kapena kuchepetsa "gasi") kuti chisakanizocho chipereke njira yoyenera yoyatsira ndikugwiritsa ntchito mafuta abwino. Ma valve a solenoid amalepheretsa kuperekedwa kwa mafuta kapena gasi - kutengera kusankha kwamafuta.
Kuyatsa ndi kutseka gasi kungathe kuchitidwa pamanja kapena zokha, ndipo kuwonjezera apo, chizindikiro cha mlingo wa mpweya kapena chosinthira chikhoza kuikidwa mu thanki, ndikukukakamizani kuyendetsa galimoto kapena gasi. Chotero unsembe ndalama za 1100-1500 zł.
M'badwo wachiwiri wa unit idapangidwira magalimoto okhala ndi jakisoni wamafuta komanso chosinthira chothandizira. Mfundo yogwira ntchito ndi yofanana ndi ya m'badwo wa 1600, kupatula kuti ili ndi zamagetsi ndi mapulogalamu omwe amawongolera kusakaniza kwamafuta-mpweya. Dongosolo limasonkhanitsa zidziwitso, kuphatikiza kuchokera ku kafukufuku wa lambda, kuchuluka kwa kusintha kwa injini ndipo, kutengera iwo, kumayang'anira ntchito ya stepper motor, yomwe imayang'anira kuperekera kwa gasi kwa chosakanizira kuti zinthu zoyaka ndi mpweya wabwino zitheke. . Emulator yamagetsi imazimitsa mafuta opangira majekeseni, iyeneranso "kunyenga" makompyuta a galimoto kuti asamasankhe kusintha ku injini yachangu (kapena kuletsa kusuntha). Mtengo wake ndi PLN 1800-XNUMX.
Kuyika kwa m'badwo wa XNUMX kumasiyana ndi cha XNUMX chifukwa gasi amaperekedwa kuchokera ku chochepetsera kupita ku proportioner ndikupitanso kwa omwe amagawa, kenako kumadoko olowera injini, kuseri kwa njira zambiri. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magalimoto okhala ndi manifolds apulasitiki - nthawi zina mpweya wopezeka m'malo osiyanasiyana umayaka ndipo chinthu chapulasitiki chimasweka. Magawowa ali ndi zida zamagetsi zomwe zimagwira ntchito yofanana ndi m'badwo wa XNUMX.
Mtengo wake ndi pafupifupi 1800-2200 zikwi zlotys. "Izi ndi zomera zomwe zikugwiritsidwa ntchito mochepa," akutero Michal Grabowski. "Izi zikusinthidwa ndi zida zapamwamba kwambiri komanso nthawi yomweyo zodula pang'ono ma jakisoni otsatizana.
M'magawo a 2800, mpweya wowonjezereka komanso wosasunthika kuchokera ku chochepetsera umaperekedwa ku ma nozzles omwe ali mu silinda iliyonse. Kompyuta ya gasi imalandira deta ya ma jekeseni a petulo kuchokera pa kompyuta ya galimoto ndikuwasintha kukhala malamulo a jekeseni wa gasi. Gasi amaperekedwa kwa yamphamvu imodzi ndi mafuta mu mlingo wowerengeka bwino. Chifukwa chake, magwiridwe antchito amawongoleredwa ndi makompyuta omwe ali pa bolodi, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ntchito zake zonse zimasungidwa (mwachitsanzo, kuwongolera kaphatikizidwe kaphatikizidwe, kutsekeka, etc.) Chipangizocho chimangoyatsa chokha pambuyo poti zinthu zoyenera zafika - ozizira. kutentha, liwiro la injini, kuthamanga kwa gasi mu thanki ndi zina. Mu dongosolo lino, galimotoyo imasunga magawo onse aukadaulo (kuthamanga, mphamvu, kuyaka, etc.), ndipo ntchito ya injini sisiyana ndi mafuta. Muyenera kulipira PLN 4000-XNUMX pa izi.
Kukula kwa machitidwe a m'badwo wa XNUMX ndi jakisoni wa gasi wamadzimadzi, i.e. M'badwo wa XNUMX. Apa, gasi amadyetsedwa mu masilindala ngati mafuta, mumadzimadzi. "Awa ndi mayunitsi okwera mtengo komanso osatchuka kwambiri," akuwonjezera Grabowski. - Kusiyana kwa magwiridwe antchito a injini poyerekeza ndi m'badwo wachinayi ndizochepa ndipo simuyenera kulipira.
Tsogolo la KKE?
Ndiye kodi magalimoto ochulukirachulukira adzakhala ndi ma LPG? Osati kwenikweni, chifukwa mpikisano wa propane-butane - CNG, i.e. gasi woponderezedwa, monga momwe timachitira ndi gasi. Ndiwotsika mtengo kuposa mpweya wamafuta amafuta - lita imodzi imawononga pafupifupi PLN 1,7. Ndi chinthu chachilengedwe chonse chomwe chimapezeka m'chilengedwe mochulukirachulukira - zodziwika bwino zimawerengedwa zaka 100. Tsoka ilo, pali malo ochepa odzaza ku Poland - osakwana 20 m'dziko lonselo, ndipo kuyikako ndikokwera mtengo kwambiri - pafupifupi ma zloty 5-6. Palinso zopinga zamakono zomwe ziyenera kugonjetsedwa - kuti mudzaze mpweya wokwanira, uyenera kukhala wothinikizidwa kwambiri, womwe umatenga nthawi yaitali ndipo umafuna matanki amphamvu, choncho olemera.
Komabe, pali chiyembekezo - mutha kugula mitundu ingapo yamagalimoto okhala ndi makina a CNG opangidwa ndi fakitale (kuphatikiza Fiat, Renault, Honda ndi Toyota), komanso ku USA palinso chipangizo chopangira mafuta m'galimoto yanu! Yolumikizidwa ndi netiweki yamzindawu, tanki yagalimotoyo imadzaza usiku wonse.
