Kuchotsa zisindikizo zamatayala pama injini yamagalimoto - zisonyezo zakutha ndi maupangiri

Zidindo za valavu zikalephera, injini imayamba kudya mafuta ambiri. Pa ntchito ya unit mphamvu pali mapangidwe zambiri utsi wandiweyani. Ganizirani chifukwa chake vuto lazinthu zazing'onozi zitha kukhala ndi zovuta pagalimoto.

Chifukwa chiyani mumafunikira zisindikizo zamatayala

Chisindikizo cha mafuta a valavu - ili ndi dzina la gawoli. Kuchokera pa dzina lake zimatsatira kuti imayikidwa pa valve mu njira yogawa mpweya. Ntchito ya zisoti ndizoletsa mafuta kuti asalowe mu silinda kudzera pa valavu yotseguka. Amawoneka ngati tiziwalo tating'onoting'ono tokhala ndi akasupe oponderezana.

Chiwerengero cha zigawozi chikufanana ndi mavavu. Valavu ikatsegula kutsegula kofananira, iyenera kukhala youma. Koma nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa chotsutsana nthawi zonse, ndodo iyenera kulandira mafuta oyenera. Zotsatira zonsezi zitha kupezeka ndi bushings wa mphira. Popeza amapangidwa ndi zinthu zotanuka, zimatha chifukwa cha kupsinjika kwamakina ndi matenthedwe, komanso kuwonekera kwa mafuta a injini.

Momwe zisindikizo zimayambira

Tsinde la valavu limatha kupangidwa m'njira ziwiri zosiyana:

1. Khafu. Amakankhidwira pa tsinde la valavu ndikuyikamo. Imatuluka pamutu wamphamvu. Zimakhala zotsika mtengo (poyerekeza ndi kusinthidwa kwotsatira) ndipo zimatha kusinthidwa mwachangu. Vuto lokha ndiloti kuti kufunkha kumafuna chida chapadera.
2. Chisindikizo cha mafuta a valve. Zimakwanira pansi pa kasupe wamagetsi. Izi zimakonza kapu komanso imasindikiza m'mbali mwake, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mutu wasindikizidwa mderali. Ziwalozi ndizodalirika kwambiri, popeza sizimakumana ndi kutentha kotere monga ma analogue am'mbuyomu. Komanso, sizikugwirizana mwachindunji ndi malaya owongolera, chifukwa chake, katundu pamakina ndi ochepa. Palibe chida chapadera chomwe chimafunika m'malo mwa zosinthazi. Chosavuta ndi mtengo wokwera. Ngati mugula ndalama zamakapu, mutha kupeza zinthu zotsika mtengo zopangidwa ndi zinthu zosakhazikika kwenikweni. Makonda ayenera kuperekedwa pazosankha kuchokera ku acrylate kapena fluoroelastomer.

Kuti makina ogawira gasi azigwira ntchito popanda kuvala msanga ziwalo zopaka, ziyenera kukhala ndizowonjezera zamagalimoto (momwe magwiridwe antchito amagwirira ntchito ndi momwe amagwirira ntchito amafotokozedwera m'nkhani yapadera). Komabe, mafuta sayenera kulowa mchimake.

Ngati zisindikizo zamatayala sizinagwiritsidwe ntchito munthawiyo, mafutawo amaphatikizidwa ndi mafuta ndi mpweya. Mu mawonekedwe ake oyera, BTC imachotsedwa pamphamvu popanda zotsalira zitayaka. Ngati mafuta alowa mu kapangidwe kake, ndiye kuti mankhwalawa amapanga mwaye wambiri atayaka. Iwo amasonkhana pa mpando valavu. Izi zimabweretsa kuti valavu imatha kukanikiza mwamphamvu motsutsana ndi thupi lamutu, motero, kulimba kwa silinda kutayika.

Kuphatikiza pa valavu, ma kaboni amapangika pamakoma a chipinda chamafuta (mphako yomwe siyikulumikizana ndi mphete zopangira mafuta), komanso pama pistoni ndi mphete zothinirana. "Kusuta" koteroko kwa mota kumabweretsa kuchepa kwachangu komanso kumachepetsa moyo wake wogwira ntchito.

Zizindikiro zazikulu za kuvala pazisindikizo zamatayala

Kodi mungadziwe bwanji kuti zisindikizo zogwiritsa ntchito valavu zakhala zosagwiritsidwa ntchito ndipo zikuyenera kusinthidwa? Nazi zina mwazizindikiro zazikulu:

• Injini inayamba kutenga mafuta. Izi ndichifukwa choti kapu siyikutenga mafuta, koma imalowa mchipinda champhamvu.
• Dalaivala akamakakamiza kuthamangitsa, utsi wakuda kapena wakuda umatuluka mu chitoliro chotulutsa utsi, chomwe sichimayambitsidwa ndi injini yozizira yozizira (izi zimafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane apa).
• Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kaboni, ma valve samatseka mwamphamvu. Izi zimakhudza kupanikizika, komwe kumabweretsa kuchepa kwa magwiridwe antchito a ICE.
• Ma Carbon deposits amawonekera pa maelekitirodi nthawi ndi nthawi m'malo mwa ma plugs. Werengani zambiri zamitundu yama kaboni yomwe imalowetsedwa mkati osiyana review.
• M'mayiko onyalanyazidwa, kuyendetsa bwino kwa injini popanda kugwira ntchito kumatayika.
• Ndi mafuta oyatsira komanso mafuta, mafuta agwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Ndikofunika kuwonetsetsa kuti mayendedwe a dalaivala sasintha kukhala wankhanza.

Palibe chimodzi mwazizindikiro pamndandandawu 100% ya zipewa zosavala. Koma palimodzi, zimapangitsa kuti athe kuzindikira kuti mavuto ali ndi zisindikizo za valavu.

M'magalimoto akale amgalimoto zamagalimoto zapakhomo, kuvala kumayamba kudziwonetsera pambuyo poti galimoto yayamba pafupifupi makilomita 80. Mu mitundu yamakono, zinthu zodalirika zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, chifukwa magawo ake ali ndi zowonjezera zowonjezera (pafupifupi makilomita 160 zikwi).

Zidindo zamatope zikatayika ndikutulutsa mafuta, injini imayamba kuchepa mphamvu ikangoyenda kilomita iliyonse.

Zotsatira zoyendetsa ndi zisindikizo zazitsulo zazitsulo

Zachidziwikire, mutha kuyendetsa ndi zisindikizo zazitsulo zazitsulo kwakanthawi. Koma ngati dalaivala anyalanyaza zikwangwani zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa, ayamba kuyendetsa gawolo mpaka pamapeto pake, adzagwiritsa ntchito zomwe adapeza, ngakhale asanadutse mileage yoyenerera.

Kupanikizika kwamagalasi kumatsika, dalaivala amayenera kupukusa injini mochulukira kuti azitha kuyendetsa bwino. Kuti achite izi, adzafunika kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ambiri. Kuphatikiza pamaganizidwe azachuma, kuyendetsa ndi zisoti zotha kumabweretsa magalimoto osakhazikika.

Chipangizocho chimatha pang'onopang'ono. Padzakhala mavuto poyambitsa injini, ndipo pamagetsi ndi poyendetsa njanji, woyendetsa amafunika kupopera mpweya nthawi zonse. Zimasokoneza, zomwe zimachepetsa kuyankha kwake pakagwa mwadzidzidzi.

Injini ikayamba kudya mafuta ochulukirapo, woyendetsa amayenera kuwonjezera mafuta. Ngati mphamvu yake ikuchepa, injini imatha kufa ndi njala yamafuta. Chifukwa cha izi, kukonza kwa ICE kudzakhala kotsika mtengo.

Ngati galimoto ili ndi chothandizira pantchito yotulutsa utsi, gawoli lidzalephera msanga, chifukwa ntchito yake yayikulu ndikutsuka utsi kuchokera kuzinyalala zoyipa zomwe zili mu utsi. Kusintha chosinthira chothandizira m'galimoto zina ndikokwera mtengo kwambiri kuposa kukhazikitsa zisindikizo zatsopano zamatope.

Kuphatikiza pa chitetezo (ngakhale woyendetsa ali ndi luso loyendetsa bwino lomwe amatha kuchita zingapo panthawi imodzimodzi poyendetsa), mota umakumana ndi zovuta zina. Chifukwa chakuchulukirachulukira kwa kaboni mkati mwa chipindacho, ziwalo zake zidzatenthedwa kwambiri (chifukwa cha zowonjezera zina, kutentha kwa zinthu zachitsulo kwatayika).

Izi zimabweretsa makina oyaka mkati kuti asinthe. Pankhani yamagalimoto ena osungira ndalama, njirayi ndi yokwera mtengo kwambiri motero kutsika mtengo kugula galimoto ina.

Kuchotsa zisindikizo zamatayala

Kuti kukonzanso kukhale kwapamwamba, mbuyeyo ayenera kutsatira malangizo awa:

1. Mufunika chida chapadera kuti muchotse zisoti zakutha. Chifukwa cha izi, mwayi wophwanya magawo oyandikira wachepetsedwa;
2. Zisindikizo za mafuta zikadzasinthidwa, injini yolowera ndi kutseguka. Pofuna kuti zinyalala zisafike pamenepo, ziyenera kukhala zokutidwa ndi msanza;
3. Pofuna kupewa kuwonongeka kwa chidindo chatsopano cha valavu pakukhazikitsa, chikuyenera kuthiridwa mafuta ndi injini;
4. Simuyenera kugula zinthu zotsika mtengo, popeza zida zosadalirika zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga;
5. Magalimoto achikulire amatha kukhala ndi zisindikizo zatsopano zamafuta. Komabe, pankhani ya injini zamakono, zisoti zatsopano ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Analogs a mtundu wakale sayenera kuikidwa.

Ngati ntchitoyo yachitika koyamba, ndiye kuti ndibwino kuti muzichita pamaso pa mbuye yemwe amamvetsetsa zovuta zonse za njirayi. Izi zimachepetsa mwayi wochita cholakwika.

Kusintha zisindikizo zamphesa ndi manja anu

Kuti mugwire ntchito yosinthira zisindikizo zamatayala, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zida zofunikira - desiccant yamagetsi, zingwe za kukula koyenera, mandrel yoyika zisoti, komanso mapulojekiti apadera omasulira zisindikizo zamafuta.

Pali njira ziwiri zogwirira ntchito:

• Popanda kuchotsa mutu wamphamvu. Pochita njirayi, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti posintha chidindo cha mafuta, valavu imatha kugwera mumphamvu. Pachifukwa ichi, malo okufa akumwamba ayenera kukhazikitsidwa pagulu lililonse la valavu. Izi zidzasunga pisitoni m'malo mwake. Pachifukwa ichi, ntchitoyi idzakhala yotsika mtengo, chifukwa mutachotsa zisindikizo za mafuta, simukufunika kugaya mutu kuti mutenge gasket.
• Ndi kuchotsa mutu. Njirayi ndi pafupifupi yofanana ndi yapita ija, koma ndi bwino kuitsatira ngati mukufuna kusintha gasket yamutu panjira. Idzakhalanso yothandiza mukakayikira za mphete zama compression ndi ma pistoni.

Kusintha kwa zisindikizo zamafuta kumachitika malinga ndi chiwembu chotsatira:

• Chotsani chivundikiro cha valavu;
• Timakhazikitsa TDC kapena kudula mutu;
• Desiccant imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupondereza kasupe ndikumasula owononga;
• Kenako, chotsani chidindo cha mafuta ndi mapuloteni. Osagwiritsa ntchito mapulaya, chifukwa amatha kuwonera kalilole wa tsinde la valavu;
• Timayika kapu yothira mafuta ndikuyiyika mu mandrel ndikumenyetsa nyundo pang'ono (panthawiyi, muyenera kukhala osamala kwambiri, chifukwa gawolo lipunduka mosavuta);
• Mutha kudziwa kuyika kolondola pampando wa kapu ndi mawu osamveka pakampopi kakang'ono ndi nyundo;
• Zisindikizo zonse zamafuta zimasinthidwa momwemo;
• Youma mavavu (ikani akasupe pamalo awo);
• Timasonkhanitsa makina ogawira gasi.

Oyendetsa magalimoto ena amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala apadera agalimoto omwe amapangitsa zinthu zakale za mphira kukhala zotanuka, potero zimawonjezera moyo wawo pantchito. N'zotheka kubwezeretsa zisoti zakutha (ngati zinthuzo zaumitsidwa), koma izi sizoyenera pankhani zachuma, chifukwa posachedwa ndondomekoyi iyenera kubwerezedwa.

Popeza pakumasula ndi msonkhano wotsatira wa lamba wa nthawi, pamafunika kuyika zikwangwani zofunikira, zikhala zotsika mtengo kwambiri kupereka galimoto kwa akatswiri omwe amadziwa kukonza bwino mota.

Nayi kanema yayifupi yamomwe mungasinthire zisindikizo za valavu nokha:

kuchotsa zisindikizo zamatayala a valavu ndiyo njira yosavuta

Mafunso ndi Mayankho:

Kodi mavavu amafunikira kuzunguliridwa posintha zipewa? Zimatengera momwe m'malo mwake amapangidwira. Ngati mutu sunachotsedwe, ndiye kuti sikofunikira. Ndi yamphamvu mutu disassembled ndi injini wadutsa oposa 50, ndiye muyenera kufufuza mmene mavavu.

Kodi zisindikizo za tsinde la valve zingasinthidwe popanda kuchotsa mutu? Njira yotereyi ndi yotheka, koma ngati ma pistoni kapena ma valve sakuphikidwa ndi ma depositi olimba a kaboni. Kuti musachotse mutu, muyenera kuzindikira vutoli munthawi yake.