Kusintha mafuta musanapite kutchuthi - kalozera

Kuti mphamvu yamagetsi ikhale yabwino, m'pofunika kusintha mafuta nthawi zonse. Injini idzachotsa zosefera zachitsulo zomwe zimazungulira mumayendedwe opaka mafuta, ndipo kukangana kochepa pakati pazigawo kumakulitsa moyo wa injini. Mafutawa amagwiranso ntchito ngati choziziritsira njinga yamoto. Ngati ndi yakale, imatenthetsa kutentha kwambiri, kutaya katundu wake wotetezera komanso kusokoneza mkhalidwe wa zigawo zamtundu wa galimoto.

Gulu la ACEA

Pali magulu awiri apamwamba amafuta amgalimoto pamsika: API ndi ACEA. Yoyamba ikunena za msika waku America, yachiwiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ku Europe. Gulu la European ACEA limasiyanitsa mitundu iyi yamafuta:

(A) - mafuta a injini wamba mafuta

(B) - mafuta a injini dizilo muyezo;

(C) - mafuta omwe amagwirizana ndi makina othandizira a petulo ndi dizilo okhala ndi mpweya wotulutsa mpweya komanso wokhala ndi sulfure, phosphorous ndi phulusa la sulphated

(E) - mafuta agalimoto okhala ndi injini ya dizilo

Pankhani ya muyezo mafuta ndi injini dizilo, magawo mafuta ndi pafupifupi ofanana, ndipo nthawi zambiri mafuta a wopanga anasankha, mwachitsanzo, muyezo A1, n'zogwirizana ndi mafuta B1, ngakhale kuti zizindikiro zimasiyanitsa mafuta. ndi mayunitsi a dizilo. .

Mafuta mamasukidwe akayendedwe - ndichiyani?

Komabe, posankha mafuta a injini, ndikofunikira kusankha kalasi yoyenera ya viscosity, yomwe imalembedwa ndi gulu la SAE. Mwachitsanzo, mafuta 5W-40 amapereka mfundo zotsatirazi:

- nambala 5 pamaso pa chilembo "W" - mafuta mamasukidwe akayendedwe index pa kutentha otsika;

- nambala 40 pambuyo lita imodzi "W" - mafuta mamasukidwe akayendedwe index pa kutentha kwambiri;

- kalata "W" amatanthauza kuti mafuta m'nyengo yozizira, ndipo ngati akutsatiridwa ndi nambala (monga chitsanzo), zikutanthauza kuti mafuta angagwiritsidwe ntchito chaka chonse.

Mafuta a Engine - Operating Temperature Range

Mu nyengo ya ku Poland, mafuta omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi 10W-40 (akugwira ntchito pa kutentha kuchokera -25⁰C mpaka +35⁰C), 15W-40 (kuchokera -20⁰C mpaka +35⁰C), 5W-40 (kuchokera -30⁰C mpaka +35⁰C). Wopanga galimoto aliyense amalimbikitsa mtundu wina wa mafuta pa injini yake, ndipo malangizowa ayenera kutsatiridwa.

Mafuta a injini zamainjini okhala ndi zosefera

Injini zamakono za dizilo nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi fyuluta ya DPF. Kutalikitsa moyo utumiki wake, ntchito otchedwa mafuta. otsika SAPS, i.e. munali otsika ndende zosakwana 0,5% sulphated phulusa. Izi zidzapewa mavuto ndi kutsekeka msanga kwa fyuluta ya tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndikuchepetsa ndalama zosafunikira pakugwirira ntchito kwake.

Mafuta amtundu - kupanga, mchere, semisynthetic

Mukamasintha mafuta, ndikofunikira kulabadira mtundu wake - kupanga, semisynthetic kapena mineral. Mafuta a synthetic ndi apamwamba kwambiri ndipo amatha kugwira ntchito pakatentha kwambiri. Komabe, awa ndi mafuta okwera mtengo kwambiri. Mchere amapangidwa kuchokera ku mafuta opangira mafuta, omwe amaphatikizapo zomwe zimatchedwa osafunika mankhwala (sulfure, zotakasika hydrocarbons), amene kuwonongeka katundu mafuta. Zofooka zake zimalipidwa ndi mtengo wotsika kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, palinso mafuta a semi-synthetic, omwe amaphatikiza mafuta opangira komanso amchere.

Makilomita agalimoto ndi kusankha mafuta

Ambiri amavomereza kuti mafuta opangira angagwiritsidwe ntchito mu magalimoto atsopano ndi mtunda pafupifupi 100-000 Km, theka-kupanga mafuta - mkati 150-000 Km, ndi mafuta mchere - mu magalimoto ndi mtunda wa makilomita 150. M'malingaliro athu, mafuta opangira ndi oyenera kuyendetsa kwa nthawi yayitali, chifukwa amateteza injini m'njira yabwino kwambiri. Mutha kuyamba kuganiza zosintha pomwe galimoto iyamba kudya mafuta. Komabe, musanasankhe kusintha mtundu wa mafuta, ndi bwino kutenga galimoto kwa makanika amene kudziwa chifukwa cha kutayikira mafuta kapena zofooka zake.

Mukuyang'ana mafuta agalimoto oyambilira? Onani apa