Kusintha chothandizira ndi chotchinga moto: zabwino ndi zoyipa
Zadziwika kwa nthawi yayitali momwe utsi wamagalimoto umakhudzira mlengalenga. Kwinakwake kuyambira koyambirira kwa zaka za m'ma 2011, miyezo ya kawopsedwe yamagalimoto idayamba kuyambitsidwa. Kuyambira XNUMX, zidakhala zovomerezeka kukonzekeretsa makina otulutsa mpweya ndi chosinthira chothandizira komanso fyuluta.
Kodi fyuluta ya particulate ndi chiyani, tidalemba m'nkhani yapitayi patsamba lathu la Vodi.su. Zotchulidwa pamenepo ndi chosinthira chothandizira. Chigawo ichi cha makina otulutsa mpweya nthawi zambiri chimatchedwa chothandizira kapena chosinthira. Eni magalimoto nthawi zambiri amachotsa zoyambitsa ndi zosefera za tinthu ndikuyika zozimitsa moto m'malo mwawo.
N’chifukwa chiyani zimenezi zili zofunika? Kodi ubwino ndi kuipa kwa kusinthidwaku ndi chiyani? Tidzayesa kuganizira mozama mavutowa m'nkhani zamasiku ano.
Kodi chothandizira ndi chiyani?
Dzinalo limadzinenera lokha. Gawoli lapangidwa kuti lichepetse mankhwala owopsa omwe amapezeka mochulukira mumipweya yotulutsa mpweya. Chonde dziwani kuti chothandizira chimangoyeretsa mpweya woipa, ndipo tinthu tamwaye timakhazikika mu fyuluta ya particulate.
Chothandizira chokha ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, chomwe chimayikidwa nthawi yomweyo kumbuyo kwa chitoliro chotulutsa mpweya wambiri. M'nkhaniyi, tikhoza kuona zinthu zotsatirazi:
- kudzaza ceramic mu mawonekedwe a zisa;
- gasket yosagwira kutentha yoteteza ku kutentha kwambiri;
- Chothandizira chothandizira ndi zitsulo zopanda chitsulo: mkuwa, faifi tambala, golide, palladium, chromium, rhodium.
Mipweya yotulutsa mpweya ikadutsa m'mbale zazitsulo izi, chothandizira chimayambitsa zochitika zamagulu owopsa (carbon monoxide ndi mankhwala ake). Potulutsa, timangopeza mpweya woipa wokhala ndi tinthu tating'ono tomwe timakhazikika mu fyuluta.
Kale kufotokozera kumodzi kwa chipangizochi ndikokwanira kumvetsetsa kuti chinthu ichi sichitsika mtengo. Ngati chothandizira chimabwera m'nyumba zamapasa ndi zosefera, ndiye kuti mtengo ukhoza kufika 15-25 peresenti ya mtengo wonse wagalimoto.
Chifukwa chake mawu omaliza amadziwonetsera okha. Bwanji kusintha chothandizira kukhala chozimitsa moto? Kenako, ochepa mwa anthu aku Russia omwe amagwira ntchito moona mtima angakwanitse kugula zotere. Inde, tonsefe timafuna kuti mpweya ukhale waukhondo ndipo kutentha kwa dziko sikumabwera. Koma pamene mukufunikira kuti mutenge ndalama zosachepera 50 kuchokera m'thumba lanu, aliyense wa ife adzayang'ana njira yotsika mtengo.
Kodi chozimitsa moto ndi chiyani?
Chotsekera moto ndi thanki yachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, mkati mwake muli kusungunula kwamafuta (komwe kumagwiranso ntchito ngati kusungunula phokoso) ndi chitoliro cha perforated. Ntchito ya chotchinga moto ndikuchepetsa kutentha kwa utsi wotuluka mu injini momwe ndingathere ndikutengera phokoso. Ndiko kuti, womanga moto ndi resonator yemweyo, koma ndi ntchito yochepetsera kutentha kwa mpweya.
Pali mitundu itatu yayikulu ya zozimitsa moto:
- yogwira;
- kungokhala chete;
- kuphatikiza.
Zoyambazo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri, chifukwa zimayamwa mawu chifukwa cha kulongedza kwa ubweya wa mchere wa basalt. Kuphatikiza pa chitoliro chokhala ndi perforated, ma diffuser angapo a ma diameter osiyanasiyana amayikidwa mu dampers passive. Kutentha ndi kuthamanga kwa mpweya kumachepetsedwa chifukwa chakuti amawombera kangapo kuchokera kumakoma a ma diffusers. Izi zimachepetsanso phokoso. Chabwino, ophatikiza options kuphatikiza awiri deta mitundu.
Kuphatikiza apo, pali zomangira zazikulu zamoto (zimene sizimayikidwa nthawi yomweyo kuseri kwa utsi wambiri, koma mu chitoliro cha utsi) ndi otolera (amatumikira mocheperapo, popeza mipweya yotentha ndi madigiri 450 imalowa mwachangu kuchokera kuzipinda zoyaka) .
Ubwino Wokhazikitsa Flame Arrester M'malo mwa Catalyst
Kuphatikizika kofunikira kwambiri kumamveka bwino kwa aliyense amene amafanizira mtengo wa chothandizira ndi wozimitsa moto. Kugula ndi kukhazikitsa chomalizacho kudzawononga 15-20 zikwi. Mwa zina zabwino, tikuwunikira:
- kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu;
- mutha kugwiritsa ntchito petulo ndi nambala yotsika ya octane;
- chomangira lawi satentha kwambiri, kotero palibe chiwopsezo cha kuyaka modzidzimutsa.
Chifukwa chiyani mphamvu ikuwonjezeka? Chifukwa chothandizira chimapangitsa kukana koyenera panjira ya mpweya wotulutsa mpweya. Chotsekera moto ndi chitoliro chopanda dzenje chomwe mpweya umadutsamo momasuka.
Chisa cha uchi cha ceramic cha chosinthira chothandizira chimatha kutsekedwa mwachangu ndi utsi wochepa wa petulo wa octane. Kwa chotchinga moto, izi sizowopsa, kotero mutha kusungabe mafuta. Kuphatikiza apo, nthawi zambiri mumamva kuchokera kwa madalaivala ena kuti chifukwa chakusintha kwa chothandizira, injiniyo idzagwira ntchito mwachangu. Izi sizowona konse. Injini, m'malo mwake, ndi bwino ngati mpweya wotulutsa mpweya uthawa mofulumira.
zolakwa
Palinso downsides. Choyamba, kuti mupange chosinthira, sikokwanira kungodula chitini chimodzi ndikuwotcherera china. Mukufunikabe kuwunikiranso gawo lowongolera injini yamagetsi. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kupeza katswiri wabwino, apo ayi injiniyo idzagwira ntchito ndi zosokoneza kwambiri.
Kachiwiri, pali mantha aakulu kuti posachedwa ku Russia, komanso ku Ulaya, adzaletsa kugwiritsa ntchito magalimoto otsika pansi pa Euro-4. Ku Poland yemweyo kapena Germany, simudzatha kuyitana "ndalama" yosuta. Izi zidamveka makamaka ndi oyendetsa ndege omwe amapita kumayiko ena - galimoto imatha kutumizidwa kumalire.
Chabwino, drawback ina ndi kuchepa kwa moyo utumiki wa dongosolo lonse muffler. Womanga moto sangathe kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa mpweya monga momwe chothandizira chinachitira, chifukwa cha izi, zolemetsa zowonjezera zidzagwera pazitsulo zotulutsa mpweya. Zowona, gwero lidzachepa ndi 10-20 peresenti yokha. Zimenezo sizovuta kwambiri.
Choncho, m'malo mwa chothandizira ndi chomangira moto ndi choyenera, pali ubwino wambiri kusiyana ndi zovuta. Musaiwale kuti galimoto yanu idzawononga chilengedwe, ndipo simungathe kuloledwa ku Ulaya mmenemo.
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