Kuyimitsidwa kumbuyo kwa galimoto: ndi chiyani, momwe zimagwirira ntchito
Zamkatimu
The torsion bar imamangiriza mawilo akumbuyo pamodzi, zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri chitonthozo ndi kuwongolera kwagalimoto pamayendedwe "oyipa". M'matembenuzidwe a anthu okwera ndi onyamula katundu, akasupe nthawi zambiri amasinthidwa ndi akasupe ndi ma shock absorbers. Mapangidwe amitundu yambiri pamagalimoto oyendetsa kutsogolo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamachitidwe apamwamba okha.
Zolakwika pamsewu zimapanga kugwedezeka, komwe kumamveka mgalimoto. Ndiye ulendo umakhala wovuta kwambiri kwa apaulendo. Kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kuyimitsidwa kwagalimoto kumatengera kugwedezeka kochokera mumsewu ndikuchepetsa kugwedezeka. Ganizirani cholinga, mfundo ya ntchito ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu za chitsulo kumbuyo kwa makina.
Kuyimitsidwa kumbuyo ndi chiyani
Kuyimitsidwa monga ndondomeko ya machitidwe ndi chingwe chomwe chimagwirizanitsa thupi la galimoto ndi mawilo.
Ndi chiyani
Mbali yofunika ya galimotoyo - kuyimitsidwa kumbuyo - milingo kunja tokhala misewu, amalenga kukwera yosalala, kuwonjezera chitonthozo kwa dalaivala ndi okwera poyenda.
Kupangaku kumagwira ntchito zina zingapo:
- thupi limagwirizanitsa gudumu (unsprung mass) ndi chimango kapena thupi (sprung mass);
- amakana kutsetsereka ndi rollover ya galimoto mu ngodya;
- Komanso amatenga nawo mbali pa braking.
Kugwira ntchito zomwe zatchulidwazi, kuyimitsidwa kumbuyo kumathandizira kuti galimotoyo ikhale yabwinoko.
Kuyimitsidwa chipangizo
Mwa chikhalidwe cha zochita, mbali zonse ndi njira za kuyimitsidwa kumbuyo amagawidwa m'magulu atatu:
- Zipangizo zokometsera (zotchinga, akasupe, zigawo zopanda zitsulo) - kusamutsa mphamvu zosunthika zomwe zikuyenda kuchokera pamsewu kupita ku thupi, motero kuchepetsa katundu wosunthika.
- Zinthu zowongolera (ma levers) - zindikirani mphamvu zazitali komanso zam'mbali.
- Ma damping node - kuchepetsa kugwedezeka kwa chimango champhamvu chagalimoto.
Zomangira zoyimitsidwa kumbuyo ndi zitsulo zachitsulo za rabara ndi mayendedwe a mpira.
gudumu lakutsogolo galimoto
Ma axle akumbuyo amagalimoto akutsogolo amakumana ndi kupsinjika pang'ono, kotero kuti zoyimitsidwa zimatalika. Magalimoto amakono akunja ndi apakhomo nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zotsika mtengo, zosavuta kusamalira zoyimitsidwa ndi mtengo wa torsion. Njira yothetsera vutoli imachepetsa mtengo wa wopanga komanso mtengo womaliza wagalimoto.
Momwe mungasungire kuyimitsidwa kwagalimoto yanu
The torsion bar imamangiriza mawilo akumbuyo pamodzi, zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri chitonthozo ndi kuwongolera kwagalimoto pamayendedwe "oyipa". M'matembenuzidwe a anthu okwera ndi onyamula katundu, akasupe nthawi zambiri amasinthidwa ndi akasupe ndi ma shock absorbers. Mapangidwe amitundu yambiri pamagalimoto oyendetsa kutsogolo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamachitidwe apamwamba okha.
galimoto yoyendetsa kumbuyo
Kuthamangitsa kumbuyo kwa magalimoto onyamula anthu kumapangitsa kuti kuyimitsidwa kukhale zofunika zina zodalirika, chifukwa chake, pamapangidwe a magalimoto otere, maulalo ambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri. Pachifukwa ichi, malo otsetsereka amaikidwa ndi ma longitudinal ndi transverse levers mu kuchuluka kwa zidutswa zinayi.
Kuyimitsidwa kwa gudumu lakumbuyo kumapereka chitonthozo chopanda mayendedwe komanso phokoso lochepa.
Kumbuyo kuyimitsidwa zinthu
Chitetezo cha kuyenda kumadalira thanzi la kuyimitsidwa kumbuyo, choncho nkofunika kudziwa zigawo zikuluzikulu za msonkhano.
Dongosololi limaphatikizapo:
- Zovala zazitali za pendulum. Musalole kuti mawilo azizungulira mu ndege yopingasa.
- Zowoloka zopingasa (ziwiri pa malo otsetsereka). Iwo kusunga gudumu mayikidwe ndi kusunga yotsirizira mu mosamalitsa perpendicular udindo wachibale kwa msewu;
- Anti-roll bar. Amachepetsa ma lateral rolls panthawi yoyendetsa.
- Mtengo wa Stabilizer. Iwo ntchito ofananira nawo bata galimoto.
- Shock absorber.
Kwa kuyimitsidwa kumbuyo, kuuma kwazitsulo zowonongeka ndi zokhazikika, kutalika kwa levers ndikofunika. Komanso mlingo wa damping wa mantha-absorbing njira.
Mitundu
Kusiyanasiyana kosiyanasiyana kwa kuyimitsidwa kumbuyo kumatha, komabe, kugawidwa m'mitundu ikuluikulu itatu:
- dongosolo lodalira. Mawilo akumbuyo amalumikizidwa mwamphamvu ndi exle, mtengo, kapena mlatho wogawanika kapena wopitilira. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala kuphatikiza kuyimitsidwa komwe kumapereka kuyika kwa mlatho wokhala ndi kasupe (wodalira, kasupe), kasupe (wodalira, kasupe) ndi zinthu za pneumatic (pneumatic, wodalira). Pamene mawilo akugwirizanitsidwa ndi mtengo wokhazikika, katunduyo amasamutsidwa mwachindunji kuchokera kumbali imodzi kupita ku imzake: ndiye kukwera sikusiyana ndi kufewa.
- Kuyimitsidwa kodziyimira pawokha. Mtengo womwewo umagwiritsidwa ntchito pano, koma ndi mawonekedwe a torsion bar. Kapena yotsirizirayo imamangidwa mumtengo. Chojambulachi chimawonjezera kuyenda kosalala, monga torsion bar imachepetsa kupsinjika komwe kumachokera kumalo otsetsereka kupita kwina.
- mtundu wodziimira. Magudumu olumikizidwa ndi ekseli amatha kuthana ndi katundu pawokha. Zoyimitsidwa paokha ndi pneumatic ndi torsion bar.
Njira yachitatu ndiyomwe ikupita patsogolo, koma yovuta komanso yokwera mtengo.
Momwe ntchito
Kuyimitsa galimoto kumagwira ntchito motere:
- Galimoto ikagunda chopinga, gudumu limakwera pamwamba pa njira yopingasa, kusintha malo a ndodo, ma levers, mayunitsi ozungulira.
- Apa ndipamene zimayamba kugwira ntchito yochotsa mantha. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kasupe, yemwe poyamba anali waufulu, amaponderezedwa ndi mphamvu ya kinetic ya kukankhira tayala molunjika kuchokera ku ndege yapansi - mmwamba.
- Kuponderezedwa kwamphamvu kwa chotsekereza chododometsa chokhala ndi kasupe kumachotsa ndodo: zitsulo zazitsulo za rabara zimatengera pang'ono kugwedezeka ndi kugwedezeka komwe kumatumizidwa kugalimoto yagalimoto.
- Pambuyo pake, njira yachilengedwe yosinthira imachitika. Kasupe watsopano woponderezedwa nthawi zonse amayesetsa kuwongola ndikubwezeretsa chotsitsa chododometsa, ndipo ndi gudumu, pamalo ake oyamba.
Kuzungulira kumabwerezedwa ndi mawilo onse.
