Chingwe cham'mbuyo cha MAZ

Kukonzekera kwa chitsulo cha MAZ kumbuyo kumaphatikizapo kusintha mbali zowonongeka kapena zowonongeka. Mapangidwe a chitsulo cham'mbuyo amalola kuti kukonzanso kwakukulu kuchitidwe popanda kuchotsa m'galimoto.

Kuti mulowetse chisindikizo cha mafuta a galimoto, muyenera:

• tulutsani cardan kuchokera ku flange 14 (onani mkuyu 72) wa shaft gear;
• masulani ndi kuchotsa mtedza 15, chotsani flange 14 ndi washer 16;
• masulani mtedza kuti muteteze chivundikiro cha bokosi loyikapo 13 ndikugwiritsa ntchito mabawuti kuti muchotse chivundikiro cha bokosilo;
• sinthani bokosi loyikamo, ndikudzaza mabowo ake amkati ndi mafuta 1-13, ndikusonkhanitsa msonkhanowo motsatira dongosolo la disassembly (bokosi loyikamo limakanikizidwa ndikumapeto kwa chivundikirocho).

Ngati kuli kofunikira kusintha bokosi lodzaza 9 (onani mkuyu 71), shaft ya chitsulo iyenera:

• kukhetsa mafuta ku crankcase ya mlatho mwa kumasula kukhetsa ndi mapulagi odzaza;
• kulumikiza tsinde la cardan;
• chotsani zophimba zazing'ono 7 (onani mkuyu 73) wa magudumu;
• masulani chipewa chachikulu chomangirira bawuti 15 ndipo, ndikuchikokera m'mabowo a ulusi kumapeto kwa nsonga zachitsulo 22, chotsani mosamala pamodzi ndi magiya a dzuwa 11 kuchokera pazitsulo zamagudumu;
• masulani mtedza kuchokera pazitsulo zotetezera gearbox yapakati kupita ku bokosi la axle (kupatulapo awiri apamwamba). Pambuyo pake, pogwiritsa ntchito trolley yokhala ndi chonyamulira, chotsani bokosi la gear, kulungani mabawuti awiri ochotseka mu gearbox flange kupita ku nyumba ya chitsulo, ndipo mutachotsa mtedza wina wapamwamba, sinthani chisindikizo chamafuta a axle gearbox ndi chokoka, ndikudzaza mkati. ndi mafuta 1-13.

Axle yakumbuyo imasonkhanitsidwa motsatira dongosolo, ndipo ma axle shaft ayenera kukhazikitsidwa mosamala, kuwatembenuza kuti asapotoze milomo yosindikiza.

Nthawi zambiri kukonza mlatho kumalumikizidwa ndi kuchotsedwa ndi kuphatikizika kwa gearbox yapakati kapena gudumu.

Disassembly chapakati gearbox MAZ

Musanayambe kuchotsa chapakati gearbox, m`pofunika kukhetsa mafuta m`nyumba chitsulo chogwira ntchito, kusagwirizana cardan kutsinde ndi kumasula galimoto ananyema. Kenako chotsani zivundikiro zazing'ono zama gudumu, masulani bawuti yayikulu ya giya yamagudumu, ndikutembenuza mosinthana muzitsulo za ulusi kumapeto kwa zitsulo zazitsulo, chotsani zitsulo zazitsulo kuchokera ku kusiyana. Masulani zingwe zomwe zimatchinjiriza bokosi la giya lapakati ku nyumba ya axle ndikuchotsa bokosi la gear pogwiritsa ntchito chidole.

Bokosi lapakati la gearbox limapangidwa bwino kwambiri paphiri lozungulira. Popanda chithandizo, benchi yotsika yokhala ndi kutalika kwa 500-600 mm ingagwiritsidwe ntchito.

Mayendedwe a disassembly gearbox ndi motere:

• chotsani zida zoyendetsa 20 (onani mkuyu 72) wodzaza ndi mayendedwe;
• masulani mtedza 29 ndi 3 kuchokera ku zophimba zosiyana;
• chotsani zipewa zamitundu yosiyanasiyana 1;
• masulani mtedza pazitsulo za makapu osiyanitsa ndikutsegula kusiyana (chotsani ma satelayiti, magiya am'mbali, otsuka otsuka).

Sambani mbali zopinda za gearbox yapakati ndikuwunika mosamala. Yang'anani mkhalidwe wa mayendedwe, pamalo ogwirira ntchito omwe sayenera kukhala ndi spalling, ming'alu, mano, peeling, komanso chiwonongeko kapena kuwonongeka kwa odzigudubuza ndi olekanitsa.

Poyang'ana magiya, samalani za kusakhalapo kwa tchipisi ndi kusweka kwa mano, ming'alu, tchipisi ta simenti pamwamba pa mano.

Ndi phokoso lowonjezereka la magiya apakati pa gearbox pakugwira ntchito, mtengo wa chilolezo cha 0,8 mm ukhoza kukhala maziko osinthira magiya a bevel.

Ngati ndi kotheka, m'malo galimoto ndi lotengeka magiya bevel monga akonzedwa, monga zikufanana pa fakitale awiriawiri kukhudzana ndi mbali chilolezo ndi kukhala chodetsa chomwecho.

Mukayang'ana mbali za kusiyanako, samalani za momwe khosi la mitanda likuyendera, mabowo ndi malo ozungulira a ma satelayiti, malo ozungulira a magiya am'mbali, ma washer onyamula ndi mapeto a makapu osiyana, zomwe ziyenera kukhala zopanda ma burrs.

Ngati zavala kwambiri kapena zotayirira, sinthani satellite bushing. Chitsamba chatsopano chimakonzedwa pambuyo pokanikizidwa mu satellite mpaka m'mimba mwake 26 ^ + 0,045 mm.

Ndi kuvala kwakukulu kwazitsulo zonyamula zamkuwa za ma axle shafts, ziyenera kusinthidwa. Makulidwe a makina ochapira amkuwa atsopano ndi 1,5 mm. Pambuyo kusonkhanitsa kusiyanitsa, tikulimbikitsidwa kuyeza kusiyana pakati pa zida zam'mbali ndi makina ochapira amkuwa, omwe ayenera kukhala pakati pa 0,5 ndi 1,3 mm. Kusiyana kwake kumayesedwa ndi choyezera chodziwikiratu kudzera pawindo la makapu osiyanitsa, pamene ma satellites amathamangira muzitsulo zothandizira kuti alephere, ndipo zida zam'mbali zimaponderezedwa ndi ma satelayiti, ndiko kuti, zimagwirizana nawo popanda kusewera. Makapu osiyanasiyana amasinthidwa ngati seti.

Sonkhanitsani gearbox yapakati motsatira zotsatirazi:

• Sonkhanitsani zida zoyendetsa, kuyiyika munyumba yonyamula ndikusinthira mayendedwe a tapered ndi preload;
• Sonkhanitsani kusiyanitsa, kuyiyika mu crankcase ndikusintha masiyanidwe amitundu ndi preload;
• kukhazikitsa zida zoyendetsa mu nyumba ya gearbox;
• sinthani magiya a bevel;
• kulungani chowongolera zida zoyendetsedwa mu giya mpaka itayima, kenako ndikumasule ndi 1/10-1/13 ya kutembenuka, komwe kumafanana ndi kusiyana pakati pawo 0,15-0,2 mm, ndikumangitsani loko nati.

Disassembly wa wheel drive ndi kuchotsedwa kwa gudumu lakumbuyo

Tsatanetsatane wa disassembly ndi motere:

• kumasula mtedza pamawilo akumbuyo;
• ikani jack pansi pa mbali imodzi ya nkhwangwa yakumbuyo ndi
• ponyani chidebecho ndi mawilo, kenaka chiyikeni pa chothandizira ndikuchotsa jack;
• masulani mtedza wogwira mawilo akumbuyo, chotsani zomangira ndi gudumu lakunja, mphete ya spacer ndi gudumu lamkati;
• kutulutsa mafuta kuchokera ku gudumu;
• chotsani chivundikiro chachikulu 14 (onani mkuyu 73) kuchokera ku msonkhano wamagudumu ndi chophimba chaching'ono 7;
• chotsani zida zoyendetsedwa 1, zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito mabawuti awiri kuchokera pachivundikiro chachikulu ngati chokoka;
• kulungani bawuti ya chivundikiro chachikulu mu dzenje lopangidwa ndi theka la shaft 22, chotsani theka la shaft ndi zida zapakati 11 zonse;
• masulani mabawuti okhoma a ma axle 3 kuchokera ku ma satelayiti, ikani chokoka ndikuchotsa ma axle a ma satelayiti 5, kenako chotsani ma satelayiti okhala ndi mayendedwe;
• masulani mtedza wa loko 27 pazitsulo za hub, chotsani mphete yosungira 26, masulani nati 25 pazitsulo ndikuchotsa chikho chamkati 21 kuchokera kwa chonyamuliracho;
• chotsani spacer yonyamula, ikani chokoka cha hub ndikuchotsa msonkhano wapakatikati ndi ng'oma ya brake.

Mukasintha chisindikizo cha mafuta ndi ma hub, muyenera:

• masulani mabawuti a ng'oma ya brake ndikuchotsa chotolera fumbi ndi chivundikiro cha bokosi;
• chotsani bokosi lodzaza pachivundikiro ndikuyika bokosi latsopano lodzaza ndi nkhonya zopepuka za nyundo;
• Pogwiritsa ntchito chokoka, tulutsani mitundu yakunja ndi yamkati ya gudumu.

Muzimutsuka mbali za hub ndi giya yamagudumu ndikuziwunika mosamala.

Kugwedeza kwa carburizing wosanjikiza pamwamba pa mano a gear sikuloledwa. Ngati pali ming'alu kapena mano osweka, magiya ayenera kusinthidwa.

Kuyika kwa nave ndikuyika ma drive a gudumu kumapangidwira mozondoka. Pachifukwa ichi, ziyenera kuganiziridwa kuti zokhala ziwiri zamkati zamkati zimapangidwa ndi kukhazikitsidwa kotsimikizika, zomwe zimatsimikiziridwa ndi kuyika mphete ya spacer. Pamsonkhanowu, kubereka kumalembedwa kumapeto kwa makola ndi kunja kwa mphete ya spacer. Kunyamula uku kumayenera kukhazikitsidwa ngati seti yathunthu molingana ndi mtunduwo.

Kulowetsedwa kwa magawo amtundu wa zida sikuloledwa, chifukwa izi zikusintha chilolezo cha axial, chomwe chimatsogolera ku chiwonongeko chake.

Ma hub bearings sasinthika, komabe kuyanjanitsa koyenera kumatsimikizirika ndikumangitsa mipikisano yamkati mwa ma bere awa ndi nati ndi loko. Mphamvu yomwe ikufunika kulimbitsa njuchi yokhala ndi nati iyenera kukhala pafupifupi 80-100 kg pa wrench yokhala ndi 500 mm ring wrench.

Kukonzekera kwa nkhwangwa yakumbuyo MAZ

Kusamalira nsonga yakumbuyo kumayang'ana ndikusunga mulingo wofunikira wamafuta mu gearbox yapakatikati ndi ma giya amagudumu, kusintha mafuta munthawi yake, kuyeretsa mabowo olowera mpweya, kuyang'ana ndi kumangitsa zomangira, kuyang'ana phokoso la opareshoni ndi kutentha kwa axle yakumbuyo.

Potumikira nkhwangwa yakumbuyo, chidwi chapadera chiyenera kuperekedwa pakusintha gearbox yapakati. Kusintha kumapangidwa ndi gearbox kuchotsedwa; Pachifukwa ichi, mayendedwe amtundu wa zida zoyendetsera bevel ndi ma mayendedwe osiyanitsa amayamba kusinthidwa, kenako magiya a bevel motsatira chigamba cholumikizira.

Kuti musinthe mayendedwe a giya loyendetsa bevel, muyenera:

• disassemble galimoto ananyema ndi kuchotsa caliper chivundikiro 9 (onani Mkuyu 72);
• kukhetsa mafuta;
• masulani mtedza pazitsulo za giya yoyendetsa galimoto ndikugwiritsa ntchito mabawuti ochotseka 27 chotsani nyumba 9 ndi msonkhano wa zida za bevel;
• kukonza crankcase 9 mu vice, kudziwa axial chilolezo cha mayendedwe ntchito chizindikiro;
• mutatulutsa crankcase 9, ikani zida zoyendetsera galimoto mu vise (ikani zofewa zachitsulo m'nsagwada za vise). Masulani ndi unscrew flange nati 15, chotsani washer ndi flange. Chotsani chophimba ndi zomangira zochotseka. Chotsani chopondera mafuta 12, mphete yamkati ya kutsogolo kutsogolo ndi makina ochapira 11;
• kuyeza makulidwe a makina ochapira ndikuwerengera kuchuluka komwe kuli kofunikira kuti muchepetse kutsitsa kwa axial ndikupeza kutsitsa (kuchepa kwa makulidwe a makina ochapira kuyenera kukhala kofanana ndi kuchuluka kwa zoyezetsa za axial shaft malinga wa chizindikiro ndi preload mtengo wa 0,03-0,05 mm);
• pogaya chochapira chosinthira pamtengo wofunikira, kuyiyika ndi magawo ena, kupatula chivundikiro 13 chokhala ndi chisindikizo chamafuta, chomwe sichiyenera kukhazikitsidwa, chifukwa kukangana kwa chisindikizo chamafuta pakhosi la flange sikungalole kusintha kuyeza molondola. mphindi ya kukana potembenuza zida mu mayendedwe. Mukamangitsa mtedza wa kolala, tembenuzirani nyumbayo kuti odzigudubuza akhazikike bwino mumipikisano yonyamula;
• yang'anani kudzaza kwa mayendedwe molingana ndi kukula kwa mphindi yomwe ikufunika kutembenuza zida zoyendetsa, zomwe ziyenera kukhala zofanana ndi 0,1-0,3 kgm. Mphindi iyi ikhoza kutsimikiziridwa pogwiritsa ntchito torque wrench pa nati 15 kapena kuyeza mphamvu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa dzenje la flange kwa ma bolts opangira shaft (mkuyu 75). Mphamvu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'ana pamtunda wa mabowo mu flange iyenera kukhala pakati pa 1,3 ndi 3,9 kg. Dziwani kuti kudzaza kwambiri m'mabotolo odzigudubuza kumawapangitsa kutentha ndikutha msanga. Ndi yachibadwa kubala preload, chotsani nati pa galimoto giya kutsinde, kuyang'ana malo ake, ndi flange, ndiye reinstall chivundikiro 13 (onani mkuyu. 72) ndi chithokomiro ndipo potsiriza kusonkhanitsa msonkhano.

Kuyimitsidwa kwa mayendedwe osiyanitsa kumayendetsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito mtedza 3 ndi 29, womwe umayenera kuwongoleredwa mozama momwemo kuti zisasokoneze malo a zida mpaka kulowetsedwa kofunikira kukupezeka mumayendedwe.

Kunyamulira konyamulira kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kuchuluka kwa torque yofunikira kuti musinthe kusiyana, komwe kuyenera kukhala kosiyanasiyana kwa 0,2-0,3 kgm (popanda zida za bevel). Mphindiyi imatsimikiziridwa ndi wrench ya torque kapena kuyeza mphamvu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamtunda wa makapu osiyanitsa, ndipo ndi yofanana ndi 2,3-3,5 kg.

Mpunga. 75. Kuyang'ana kulimba kwa kunyamula kwa shaft ya gear yapakati

Njira yowunikira ndikusintha kutengera kwa zida za bevel ndi motere:

• Musanakhazikitse crankcase, 9 zonyamula ndi giya galimoto m'nyumba ya gearbox, ikani mano a bevel giya ndi kudzoza mano atatu kapena anayi pa galimoto giya ndi wosanjikiza wopyapyala utoto utoto pamwamba pa onse;
• kukhazikitsa crankcase 9 ndi giya galimoto mu gearbox crankcase; phatikizani mtedza pazitsulo zinayi zodutsa ndikutembenuza zida zoyendetsa kumbuyo kwa flange 14 (kumbali imodzi ndi inayo);
• molingana ndi mayendedwe (zolumikizirana) zopezeka pamano a zida zoyendetsedwa (Table 7), kulumikizana koyenera kwa magiya ndi mtundu wa kusintha kwa zida zimakhazikitsidwa. Kugwirizana kwa zida kumayendetsedwa ndikusintha kuchuluka kwa ma spacers 18 pansi pa flange ya giya yonyamula nyumba ndi mtedza 3 ndi 29, popanda kusokoneza kusintha kwa ma fani. Kuti musunthire zida zoyendetsa kutali ndi zida zoyendetsedwa, ndikofunikira kuyika ma shimu owonjezera pansi pa crankcase flange, ndipo, ngati kuli kofunikira, kubweretsa zidazo palimodzi, chotsani ma shims.

Mtedza 3 ndi 29 amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusuntha zida zoyendetsedwa. Kuti musasokoneze kusintha kwa ma bere 30 a kusiyana, m'pofunika kumangirira (unscrew) mtedza 3 ndi 29 pa ngodya yomweyo.

Mukakonza clutch (pamodzi ndi chigamba cholumikizira) pa mano a giya, chiwongolero cham'mbali pakati pa mano chimasungidwa, mtengo wake wa magiya atsopano uyenera kukhala mkati mwa 0,2-0,5 microns. Kuchepetsa chilolezo chapakati pakati pa mano a zida mwa kusuntha chigamba cholumikizira kuchokera pamalo ovomerezeka sikuloledwa, chifukwa izi zimabweretsa kuphwanya koyenera kwa magiya ndi kuvala kwawo mwachangu.

Pambuyo pokonza magiya, limbitsani zingwe zonse zotetezera nyumba yonyamula katundu ku nyumba ya gearbox, ikani zoyima pa mtedza wonyamula, sungani malire 25 mpaka kusiyana kochepa kwa 0 0,15-0,2 mm kumapezeka pakati pa chophwanyira ndi zida zoyendetsedwa. (mpata wocheperako umayikidwa pozungulira magiya a zida zoyendetsedwa mozungulira). Pambuyo pake, tsekani chochepetsera giya 25 ndi loko.

Mukachotsa gearbox yapakati pagalimoto (yosintha kapena kukonza), yang'anani kusiyana pakati pa ndege yomaliza ya bokosi la gearbox ndi chochapira chothandizira, chomwe chimayikidwa pafakitale mkati mwa 0,5-1,3 mm.

Mpatawo umafufuzidwa ndi ma feeler gauge kudzera m'mazenera mu makapu osiyanitsa, pamene ma satellites amathamangira muzitsulo zothandizira kuti alephere, ndipo mbali ya mbaliyo imakanizidwa ndi ma satellites, ndiko kuti, imachita nawo popanda kusewera.

Kulephera kotheka kwa chitsulo chakumbuyo ndi njira zowathetsera zikuwonetsedwa mu tebulo eyiti.

Malo a chigamba cholumikizira pa zida zoyendetsedwa	Momwe mungapezere zida zoyenera
Kumangosinthasintha
	Kulumikizana koyenera kwa zida za bevel
	Sunthani zida zoyendetsedwa pagalimoto. Ngati izi zipangitsa kuti giya ikhale yochepa kwambiri, chotsani zida zoyendetsa kutali ndi zida zoyendetsedwa.
	Chotsani zida zoyendetsedwa kutali ndi zida zoyendetsera. Ngati izi zipangitsa kuseweredwa kwa mano kwa giya mochulukira, sunthani zida zagalimoto pamalo oyendetsedwa.
	Sunthani zida zoyendetsedwa pagalimoto. Ngati panthawi imodzimodziyo kuli kofunikira kusintha msana muzitsulo, tumizani zida zoyendetsa galimoto ku zida zoyendetsedwa
	Chotsani zida zoyendetsedwa kutali ndi zida zoyendetsera. Ngati izi zikufunika kusintha chilolezo chambali mu clutch, sunthani zida zoyendetsa kutali ndi zida zoyendetsedwa.
	Sinthani zida zoyendetsera kupita ku zida zoyendetsedwa. Ngati chilolezo mu clutch ndi chochepa kwambiri, sunthani zida zoyendetsedwa kutali ndi zida zoyendetsa.
	Chotsani zida zoyendetsera kutali ndi zida zoyendetsedwa. Ngati pali kuseweredwa kwambiri, sunthani zida zoyendetsedwa ndi giya yoyendetsa.

Werenganinso Zolemba za ZIL-131 winch

Choyambitsa	gwero
Kuwotcha kwa Bridge kumawonjezeka
Mafuta ochulukirapo kapena ochepa kwambiri mu crankcase	Onetsetsani ndi kuwonjezera mlingo wa mafuta mu crankcase
Kusintha zida molakwika	Sinthani giya
Kuchulukirachulukira kunyamula	Sinthani kusamvana
Kuwonjezeka kwaphokoso la mlatho
Kuphwanya kuyenerana ndikuchitapo kanthu kwa magiya a bevel	Sinthani zida za bevel
Zovala zonyezimira kapena zopindika molakwika	Yang'anani mkhalidwe wa mayendedwe, ngati kuli kofunikira, m'malo mwawo ndikusintha zolimba
Kuvala kwambiri zida	Bwezerani magiya otha ndikusintha kufala
Kuchuluka kwaphokoso la mlatho wamsewu motsatana
Zolakwa Zosiyana	Sulani kusiyana ndi kuthetsa mavuto
Phokoso lochokera pa magudumu onse
Kusintha zida molakwika	Sinthani zida zonyamulira kapena makapu.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta opangira ma wheel drive olakwika	Kusintha mafuta ndi crankcase flush
Mulingo wamafuta osakwanira	Onjezerani mafuta ku gudumu arch
Kutuluka kwa mafuta kudzera mu zisindikizo
Zisindikizo zowonongeka kapena zowonongeka	Sinthani zisindikizo

Chida chakumbuyo cha MAZ

Chingwe chakumbuyo (mkuyu 71) chimatumiza torque kuchokera ku crankshaft ya injini kudzera pa clutch, gearbox ndi cardan shaft kupita ku mawilo oyendetsa galimotoyo ndipo, pogwiritsa ntchito kusiyanitsa, amalola mawilo oyendetsa kuti azitha kuzungulira mosiyanasiyana.

Mpunga. 71. Nkhwangwa yakumbuyo MAZ:

1 - zida; 2 - gudumu lakumbuyo; 3 - mabuleki gudumu kumbuyo; 4 - kutseka pini ya nyumba ya chitsulo; 5 - mphete ya otsogolera otsogolera; 6 - nyumba ya chitsulo; 7 - chingwe chachitsulo; 8 - chapakati gearbox; 9 - kuphatikiza epiploon ya semiaxis; 10 - kusintha lever; 11 - kumasula nkhonya ya brake

Njira zopangira zopangira zopangira ma torque zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zotheka kuzigawa mu gearbox yapakati, ndikuzilozera ku ma gearbox oyendetsa magudumu, motero kutsitsa mitsinje yosiyana ndi ma axle kuchokera ku torque yowonjezereka, yomwe imafalitsidwa mu dongosolo la magawo awiri. zida chachikulu cha chitsulo chogwira ntchito kumbuyo (mwachitsanzo, ndi galimoto MAZ-200). Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa sprockets kumathandizanso, posintha chiwerengero cha mano a sprocket cylindrical gears ndikusunga mtunda wapakati wa sprockets, kupeza magiya osiyanasiyana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nkhwangwa yakumbuyo ikhale yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pakusintha magalimoto osiyanasiyana.

Bokosi lapakati (mkuyu 72) ndi gawo limodzi, lili ndi zida ziwiri za bevel zokhala ndi mano ozungulira komanso kusiyana kwapakati. Magawo a gearbox amayikidwa mu crankcase 21 yopangidwa ndi chitsulo cha ductile. Udindo wa crankcase wokhudzana ndi mtengowo umatsimikiziridwa ndi phewa lokhazikika pamphepete mwa nyumba ya gearbox komanso ndi zikhomo.

Galimoto bevel gear 20, yopangidwa mu chidutswa chimodzi ndi kutsinde, si cantilevered, koma ali, kuwonjezera pa zitsulo ziwiri kutsogolo tapered wodzigudubuza zitsulo 8, thandizo lina lakumbuyo, lomwe ndi cylindrical wodzigudubuza wonyamula 7. Mapangidwe a zimbalangondo zitatu ndi kuphatikizika kwambiri, pomwe kuchuluka kwa ma radial pama bearings kumachepetsedwa kwambiri Poyerekeza ndi kuyika kwa cantilever, mphamvu yonyamula komanso kukhazikika kwa bevel gear meshing install imachulukitsidwa, zomwe zimakulitsa kulimba kwake. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kuthekera kwa kuyandikira mayendedwe a tapered odzigudubuza ku korona wa galimoto yoyendetsa galimoto kumachepetsa kutalika kwa tsinde lake ndipo, motero, kumawonjezera mtunda pakati pa reducer flange ndi reducer flange, yomwe ndi yofunika kwambiri ndi yaing'ono. potengera malo abwinoko a cardan shaft. Mitundu yakunja ya mayendedwe a tapered roller ili mu crankcase 9 ndipo imakanikizidwa poyimitsa pamapewa opangidwa mu crankcase. Flange ya nyumba yonyamula imamangidwa kumbuyo kwa gearbox ya axle. Ma fani awa amatenga katundu wa radial ndi axial wopangidwa ndi kulumikizidwa kwa magiya awiri a bevel potumiza torque.

Mpunga. 72. Central gearbox MAZ:

1 - chophimba chophimba; 2 - chivundikiro cha mtedza; 3 - mtedza wa kumanzere kubereka; 4 - zida zamtengo wapatali; 5 - satellite yosiyana; 6 - mtanda wosiyana; 7 - cylindrical yonyamula zida zoyendetsa; 8 - conical wonyamula galimoto zida; 9 - nyumba zonyamula zida zoyendetsa; 10 - mphete ya spacer; 11 - kusintha washer; 12 - mafuta deflector; 13 - chivundikiro cha bokosi lodzaza; 14 - flange; 15 - mtedza wa flange; 16 - wochapira; 17 - bokosi lodzaza; 18 - masamba; 19 - gasket; 20 - galimoto zida; 21 - gearbox; 22 - zida zoyendetsedwa; 23 - ma cookies; 24 - locknut; 25 - chowongolera zida zoyendetsedwa; 26 - chikho choyenera chosiyana; 27 - bolt kuchotsa kufala; 28 - kuthamangitsa mphete bushing; 29 - mtedza wa kubereka koyenera; 30 - kubereka kwa tapered; 31 - kapu ya kusiyana kumanzere; 32 - wochapira zitsulo; 33 - washer wamkuwa

Kugwira kwamkati kumakhala kolimba kwambiri pa shaft ndipo chotengera chakunja chimakhala ndi slip fit kuti chilole kusintha kwa preload pama bere awa. Pakati pa mphete zamkati za mayendedwe a tapered roller, mphete ya spacer 10 ndi washer wosinthira 11 amayikidwa. Kufunika kofunikira kwa mayendedwe a tapered roller kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kusankha makulidwe a makina ochapira. Cylindrical roller yokhala ndi 7 ya ma transmission bevel gear imayikidwa mu dzenje lakumbuyo la giya la giya la axle kumbuyo komwe limasunthika ndipo limakhazikitsidwa ndi kusuntha kwa axial ndi mphete yosungira yomwe imalowa mkati mwa tchire kumapeto kwa giya yoyendetsa.

Kutsogolo kwa tsinde la zida za bevel zopatsirana, ulusi wapamtunda wocheperako komanso mawonekedwe ozungulira a mainchesi akulu amadulidwa, pomwe chotsitsa chamafuta 12 ndi flange 14 cha cardan shaft chimayikidwa. Zigawo zonse zomwe zili pa pinion shaft zimamangidwa ndi mtedza wa Castle 15.

Kuti athetse kuchotsedwa kwa nyumba yonyamula katundu, flange yake imakhala ndi mabowo awiri omwe amamangiriridwa; ikalowetsedwa mkati, ma bolts amakhala motsutsana ndi nyumba ya gearbox, chifukwa chomwe nyumba yonyamula imatuluka mu gearbox. Maboti a cholinga chomwechi, okhomeredwa mu flange ya nyumba ya gearbox, atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kugwetsa mabawuti.

Bevel giya 22 yoyendetsedwa imayikidwa pa kapu yoyenera yosiyanitsira. Chifukwa cha chilolezo chochepa pakati pa pinion ndi bwana m'nyumba ya gearbox kuti apereke chithandizo chowonjezera cha giya lakumbuyo la axle drive, ma rivets omwe amalumikiza zida zoyendetsedwa ndi kapu yosiyanitsa kuchokera mkati amakhala ophwanyika.

Zida zoyendetsedwa zimakhazikika pakunja kwa kapu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Panthawi yogwira ntchito, zida zoyendetsedwa zimatha kukanikizidwa kutali ndi zida zoyendetsa chifukwa cha kusinthika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zidazo zisweka. Kuti muchepetse kusinthika komwe kwatchulidwa ndikuwonetsetsa kulumikizidwa koyenera pamakina a magiya a bevel, chochepetseracho chimakhala ndi chowongolera giya 25, chopangidwa ngati bawuti, kumapeto kwake komwe kumayikidwa chowombera chamkuwa. Chotsitsacho chimalowetsedwa m'nyumba ya gearbox mpaka kuyimitsa kwake kukafika kumapeto kwa zida zoyendetsedwa ndi bevel, pambuyo pake malirewo amachotsedwa kuti apange chilolezo chofunikira ndipo mtedza umatsekedwa.

Kugwirizana kwa magiya a bevel a drive yomaliza kumatha kusinthidwa posintha ma shims 18 a makulidwe osiyanasiyana opangidwa ndi chitsulo chofewa ndikuyikidwa pakati pa nyumba yonyamula ndi nyumba yakumbuyo ya giya. Magiya awiri a bevel ku fakitale amasankhidwa kale (osankhidwa) kuti agwirizane ndi phokoso. Chifukwa chake, posintha giya limodzi, zida zina ziyeneranso kusinthidwa.

Kusiyanitsa kwa axle kumbuyo kumapangidwira, kumakhala ndi ma satelayiti anayi 5 ndi magiya awiri a mbali 4. Ma satellites amaikidwa pazitsulo zachitsulo zamphamvu kwambiri ndipo amatenthedwa ndi kutentha kwambiri. Kulondola kwa kupanga mtanda wa 6 kumatsimikizira malo oyenera a ma satelayiti omwe ali pamenepo komanso kuyanjana kwake koyenera ndi zida zam'mbali. Ma satelayiti amathandizidwa pakhosi la transom kudzera pamitengo yopangidwa ndi tepi yamkuwa yamitundu yambiri. Pakati pa ma satelayiti ndi maziko a crossheads, 28 zitsulo zoponyera mphete zimayikidwa, zomwe zimakonza bwino ma satellites.

Mapeto akunja a ma satelayiti oyandikana ndi kapu yosiyanitsa amapachikidwa pamalo ozungulira. Thandizo la ma satellites omwe ali m'kapu ndi makina ochapira amkuwa, omwenso amakhala ozungulira. Ma satellites ndi ma spur bevel giya opangidwa ndi chitsulo champhamvu kwambiri cha carburized alloy.

The crossbar ndi mfundo zinayi amalowa mabowo cylindrical anapanga mu ndege ya makapu kulekanitsa pa olowa processing awo. Kuphatikizana kwa makapu kumatsimikizira malo enieni a mtanda pa iwo. Kuyika kwa makapu kumatheka ndi kukhalapo kwa phewa mu imodzi mwa izo, ndi mipata yofananira ndi zikhomo zina. Makapu a makapu amalembedwa ndi manambala omwewo, omwe amayenera kufanana panthawi ya msonkhano kuti asunge kulondola kwa malo a mabowo ndi malo omwe amapezeka panthawi yogwirizanitsa. Ngati kuli kofunikira kusintha kapu imodzi yosiyana, yachiwiri, i.e. yokwanira, kapu iyeneranso kusinthidwa.

Makapu osiyanasiyana amapangidwa ndi chitsulo cha ductile. M'mabowo a cylindrical a hubs a makapu osiyanitsa, magiya owongoka-bevel semi-axial amayikidwa.

Maonekedwe amkati a ma semi-axial magiya amapangidwa ngati mabowo okhala ndi ma involute splines olumikizana ndi ma semi-axes. Pakati pa zida zam'mbali ndi chikho pali malo ogwirizana ndi kusintha kwakukulu kwa sitiroko, zomwe ndizofunikira kuti filimu yamafuta ikhale pamalo awo ndikupewa kuvala kwa malo awa. Kuphatikiza apo, ma washer awiri amayikidwa pakati pa malekezero a semiax ndi makapu: chitsulo 32, kutembenuka kokhazikika, ndi mkuwa 33, mtundu woyandama. Chomalizacho chili pakati pa makina ochapira zitsulo ndi zida zam'mbali. Zopalasazo zimawotchedwa ku makapu osiyanitsa, zomwe zimapereka mafuta ochulukirapo kumadera osiyanasiyana.

Zivundikiro za malo awo olondola okhudzana ndi nyumba ya gearbox zimakhazikika pa izo mothandizidwa ndi bushings ndikukhazikika kwa izo ndi zolembera. Mabowo a crankcase ndi zipewa zonyamula zosiyana zimapangidwa pamodzi.

The preload of the tapered wodzigudubuza mayendedwe a masiyanidwe kusinthidwa ndi mtedza 3 ndi 29. Kusintha mtedza opangidwa ndi chitsulo ductile ndi turnkey protrusions pa wamkati cylindrical pamwamba, amene mtedza wokutidwa ndi kukhazikika mu malo ankafuna ndi kutseka ndevu. 2, yomwe imamangiriridwa kutsogolo kwa makina opangidwa ndi kapu yonyamula.

Magawo a Gearbox amadzazidwa ndi mafuta opopera ndi mphete ya giya yoyendetsedwa ndi bevel. Thumba lamafuta limatsanuliridwa m'nyumba ya gearbox, momwe mafuta oponderezedwa ndi zida zoyendetsedwa ndi bevel amatulutsidwa, ndipo mafuta otsika kuchokera pamakoma a nyumba ya gearbox amakhazikika.

Kuchokera ku thumba lamafuta, mafuta amadyetsedwa kudzera munjira kupita ku nyumba yonyamula pinion. Pa phewa la nyumbayi yomwe imalekanitsa ma bearings ili ndi bowo lomwe mafuta amayenda kupita kumayendedwe onse odzigudubuza. Ma bere, omwe amakhala ndi ma cones kwa wina ndi mnzake, amathiridwa mafuta omwe amalowa ndipo, chifukwa cha kupopera kwa ma conical rollers, amapopera mbali zosiyanasiyana: kumbuyo kumabwezeretsa mafuta ku crankcase, ndipo kutsogolo kumawabwezera. mtundu wa driveshaft.

Pali chitsulo cholimba cholimba pakati pa flange ndi chonyamula. Kunja, wochapirayo ali ndi ulusi wa kumanzere wokhala ndi phula lalikulu, ndiko kuti, njira ya ulusi ikutsutsana ndi kayendetsedwe ka kayendedwe ka gear; Komanso, washer waikidwa ndi pang'ono kusiyana mu kutsegula kwa stuffing bokosi. Zonsezi zimalepheretsa kuti mafuta asasunthike kuchokera kumtunda kupita ku bokosi lopangira zinthu chifukwa chosindikizidwa kunja kwa flange.

Kumbali ya flange, nyumba yonyamula imatsekedwa ndi chivundikiro chachitsulo, momwe mphira wokhazikika wodziyimira pawokha wokhala ndi nsonga ziwiri zogwira ntchito ndi kumapeto kwakunja amakanikizidwa. Kagawo amapangidwa pamapewa okwera pachivundikirocho, molumikizana ndi dzenje lolowera m'nyumba yonyamula. Gasket pakati pa chivundikirocho ndi nyumba yokhalamo ndi ma wedges 18 amayikidwa m'njira yoti ma cutouts mkati mwake agwirizane ndi poyambira pachivundikiro ndi dzenje m'nyumba yonyamula, motsatana.

Mafuta ochulukirapo omwe alowa mkatikati mwa chivundikirocho amabwereranso ku bokosi la gear kudzera pachivundikiro ndi valavu yolowera m'nyumba yonyamula. Chisindikizo cha rabara cholimbitsidwa chimakanikizidwa ndi m'mphepete mwake polimbana ndi chopukutidwa komanso chowumitsidwa mpaka kuuma kwakukulu kwa flange 14, yopangidwa ndi chitsulo cha kaboni.

Chovala chachiwiri cha cylindrical roller chimakhala chopaka mafuta okha. Mapiritsi a tapered odzigudubuza mu makapu osiyanitsa amathiridwa mafuta mofanana.

Kukhalapo kwa magiya a gudumu, ngakhale kuti kumachepetsa katundu pazigawo za kusiyanako, koma kumapangitsa kuti pakhale kuwonjezeka kwa liwiro la magiya pamene mukutembenuza kapena kuyendetsa galimoto. Chifukwa chake, kuwonjezera pa njira zomwe zimatengedwa kuti ateteze malo osokonekera (kuyambitsa ma washer othandizira ndi ma bushings), akukonzekeranso kukonza makina opaka mafuta a magawo osiyanasiyana. Masamba owotcherera ku kapu yosiyanitsa amatenga mafuta kuchokera ku nyumba ya gearbox ndikuwongolera ku magawo omwe ali mu makapu osiyanitsa. Kuchuluka kwa mafuta obwera kumathandizira kuziziritsa kwa magawo opaka, kulowa kwawo mumipata, zomwe zimachepetsa kuthekera kwa kulanda ndi kuvala kwa magawo.

Werenganinso Kukonza zida zamagetsi za KAMAZ

Bokosi la giya lapakati lomwe limalumikizidwa bwino limayikidwa mu dzenje lalikulu m'nyumba ya axle yakumbuyo ndikumangirira ku ndege yake yoyima yokhala ndi zingwe ndi mtedza. Ma flanges okwerera pakatikati pa nyumba ya axle yakumbuyo ndi gearbox amasindikizidwa ndi gasket. Kumbuyo kwa axle crankcase, mabowo okhala ndi ulusi wa crankcase mounting studs ndi akhungu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kulumikizanaku kukhale kolimba.

Kumbuyo kwake kumakhala chitsulo chosungunuka. Kukhalapo kwa mabowo mu ndege yowongoka sikumakhudza kulimba kwa nyumba za chitsulo cham'mbuyo. Kugwirizana kwake ndi gearbox ndi okhwima ndipo sasintha pa ntchito ya galimoto. Kumangirira kotereku mu ndege yowongoka kuli ndi mwayi waukulu poyerekeza ndi kugwirizana kwa bokosi la gear ndi nyumba ya kumbuyo kwa chitsulo chopingasa mu ndege yopingasa, mwachitsanzo, pa galimoto ya MAZ-200, kumene kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa crankcase yotseguka kuchokera pamwamba kunaphwanya kugwirizana kwake. yokhala ndi chitsulo chakumbuyo.

Kumbuyo kwake kumathera mbali zonse ziwiri ndi ma flanges omwe ma brake calipers a mawilo akumbuyo amakongoletsedwa. Kuchokera kumtunda, mapulaneti a kasupe amaphatikizana nawo kuti akhale amodzi, ndipo mafunde amapangidwa ku nsanja izi kuchokera pansi, zomwe ndi zitsogozo za makwerero akumbuyo a kasupe ndikuthandizira mtedza wa makwererowa.

Pafupi ndi mapepala a kasupe pali mapepala ang'onoang'ono osungira mphira. Mkati mwa crankcase, magawo awiri amapangidwa mbali iliyonse; m'mabowo a magawowa a malekezero a cylindrical a crankcase, amapanikizidwa ndi casing 6 (onani mkuyu 71) wa ma axle shafts 7.

Mabokosi a semi-axle chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa ma giya, kuwonjezera pa mphindi yopindika kuchokera ku mphamvu zolemetsa ndi kulemera kwake kwa galimotoyo, amadzazidwanso ndi mphindi yokhazikika yomwe imamveka ndi makapu amagetsi a mawilo. , yomwe imamangirizidwa mwamphamvu kumapeto kwa malata a casing. Pachifukwa ichi, zofunikira zapamwamba zimayikidwa pa mphamvu ya chimango. Thupilo limapangidwa ndi machubu achitsulo olimba amipanda omwe adatenthedwa kuti awonjezere mphamvu. Kukakamira kwa nyumbayo ku nyumba yakumbuyo sikokwanira kuletsa kusinthasintha kwake, chifukwa chake nyumbayo imatsekedwanso kumbuyo kwa chitsulo cham'mbuyo.

M'magawo a crankcase omwe ali pafupi ndi nsanja za kasupe, mutatha kukanikiza thupi, mabowo awiri amabowoledwa, nthawi imodzi kudutsa kumbuyo kwa chitsulo ndi chitsulo chachitsulo. M'mabowowa muli zikhomo 4 zolimba zachitsulo zowotcherera kumbuyo kwa ekseliyo. Zikhomo zokhoma zimalepheretsa kuti thupi lisazungulire kumbuyo kwa ekisilo.

Kuti musafooketse crankcase ndi nyumba pansi pa katundu wopindika, zikhomo zotsekera zimayikidwa mu ndege yopingasa.

Kumalekezero akunja a ma crankcase a semi-axes, ma splines osasinthika amadulidwa momwe kapu ya giya yamagudumu imayikidwa. Kumbali imodzi ya thupi, ulusi umadulidwa kuti amangirire mtedza wa mabere a magudumu. Mabowo a zisindikizo za shaft 9 7 ndi mphete zowongolera 5 amapangidwa kuchokera kumalekezero amkati mwa nyumbazo. Zisindikizo za Shaft ndi zisindikizo ziwiri zosiyana zodzitsekera zokhazikika zomangidwira mu khola lachitsulo losindikizidwa milomo yomata ikuyang'anizana.

Kupatula kuthekera kwa kuwonjezereka kwamphamvu m'mabowo a ma crankcases a magiya apakati ochepetsera mafuta akatenthedwa, ma valve atatu olowera mpweya amayikidwa kumtunda kwa nyumba yakumbuyo, imodzi kumanzere kwa kumtunda kwa gudumu. ekseli yakumbuyo, nyumba yokulirapo yapakati ndi ziwiri pafupi ndi masika. Kuthamanga kwa minyewa ya crankcase kumawonjezeka, mavavu olowera mpweya amatseguka ndikulumikizana ndi mlengalenga.

Magudumu oyendetsa (mkuyu 73) ndi gawo lachiwiri la gearbox ya kumbuyo.

Kuchokera pa giya yoyendetsa galimoto ya gearbox yapakati, kupyolera muzitsulo zoyendetsedwa ndi bevel ndi zosiyana, torque imatumizidwa ku axle shaft 1 (mkuyu 74), yomwe imapereka mphindi ku gear yapakati, yotchedwa satellite 2 ya gudumu. kukankha. Kuchokera ku zida zadzuwa, kuzungulira kumatumizidwa ku ma satellite atatu 3, molingana mozungulira mozungulira mozungulira zida zadzuwa.

Ma satellite amazungulira pa nkhwangwa 4, zokhazikika m'mabowo a chithandizo chokhazikika, chokhala ndi makapu 5 akunja ndi makapu 10 amkati, molunjika komwe kumayang'ana kuzungulira kwa zida zadzuwa. Kuchokera ku ma satelayiti, kuzungulirako kumatumizidwa ku mphete 6 ya gearing yamkati, yomwe imayikidwa kumbuyo kwa gudumu. Giya 6 ya mphete imazungulira mbali imodzi ndi ma satelayiti.

Chiŵerengero cha gear cha wheel drive kinematics scheme chimatsimikiziridwa ndi chiwerengero cha mano pa giya la mphete ndi chiwerengero cha mano pa zida za dzuwa. Ma satellites, ozungulira momasuka pa ma axles awo, samakhudza chiŵerengero cha gear, choncho, posintha chiwerengero cha mano a magiya a gudumu ndikusunga mtunda pakati pa ma axles, mukhoza kupeza chiwerengero cha gear, chomwe, ngakhale chofanana. magiya a bevel mu gearbox yapakati, amatha kupereka magiya akulu kusankha mlatho wakumbuyo.

Mpunga. 73. Kuyendetsa magudumu:

1 - mphete yamagetsi (yoyendetsedwa); 2 - pulagi yodzaza; 3 - chosungira cha axis ya satellite; 4 - njira ya satellite; 5 - mzere wa satelayiti; 5 - satellite; 7 - chophimba chaching'ono; 8 - kusweka kosalekeza kwa tsinde la chitsulo; 9 - kusunga mphete; 10 - hairpin; 11 - zida za dzuwa (zotsogolera); 12 - mphete yosindikiza; 13 - galasi lakunja; 14 - chophimba chachikulu; 15 - bolt ya chivundikiro chachikulu ndi mphete; 16 - gasket; 17 - chikho cha bawuti yoyambira; 18 - mtedza; 19 - gudumu likulu; 20 - kunyamula kunja kwa hub; 21 - chikho chamkati choyendetsedwa; 22 - chingwe chachitsulo; 23 - kuyimitsa zida zoyendetsa; 24 - nyumba ya axle; 2S - likulu kubala mtedza; 26 - kusunga mphete; 27 - magudumu okhala ndi locknut

Mwadongosolo, zida zamagudumu zimapangidwa motere. Magiya onse ndi cylindrical, spur. Zida za dzuwa 11 (onani mkuyu 73) ndi ma satelayiti 6 - zida zakunja, korona - zida zamkati.

Zida za dzuwa zili ndi bowo lomwe lili ndi ma splines olumikizana omwe amalumikizana ndi ma splines kumapeto kofananira kwa tsinde. Mbali ina yamkati ya axle shaft ilinso ndi zopindika zopindika zomwe zimalumikizana ndi ma splines pakatikati pa ma shaft osiyana. Kusuntha kwa axial kwa shaft yapakati pazitsulo zachitsulo kumakhala kochepa ndi kasupe kusunga mphete 9. Kuyenda kwa axial kwa axle shaft 22 kupita ku gearbox yapakati kumachepetsedwa ndi pulaneti yapakati yokhazikika. Kumbali inayo, kusuntha kwa tsinde la axle kumatetezedwa ndi kung'ung'udza kosalekeza 8 kukanikizidwa mu tchire lachivundikiro chaching'ono 7 cha giya lamagudumu. Ma satellites amaikidwa pazitsulo zokhazikika pa bulaketi yochotsamo yokhala ndi makapu awiri. M'mbale yamkati 21 imapangidwa kuchokera ku chitsulo cha carbon, ili ndi kanyumba kakang'ono kamene kali ndi cylindrical kunja ndi dzenje lolowera mkati. Chikho chakunja 13 chimakhala ndi kasinthidwe kovutirapo ndipo chimapangidwa ndi zitsulo zotayidwa. Masamba obiriwira amalumikizidwa ndi ma bolts atatu.

Mpunga. 74. Dongosolo la Wheel drive ndi tsatanetsatane wake:

1 - chingwe chachitsulo; 2 - zida za dzuwa; 3 - satellite; 4 - mzere wa satelayiti; 5 - chikho chakunja; 6 - mphete; 7 - gwero la satellite; 8 - kuphatikiza bawuti ya chikho chonyamulira; 9 - njira ya satellite; 10 - chotengera chikho chamkati

M'makapu osonkhanitsidwa a chonyamulira, mabowo atatu amakonzedwa nthawi imodzi (kubowoleredwa) kwa olamulira a satelayiti, chifukwa kulondola kwa malo a satelayiti pokhudzana ndi dzuwa ndi ma giya a mphete kumatsimikizira zolumikizira zolondola, magiya, ndi komanso kulimba kwa magiya. Ma gudumu opangidwa ndi makina sasinthana ndi ma hubs ena motero amalembedwa ndi nambala ya serial. Mapaipi a makapu akunja a ma satellite axle mabowo ali ndi mabowo okhoma a ma axle atatu a satellite.

Magalasi ophatikizidwa (zotengera magudumu) amayikidwa pagawo lakunja lopindika la nyumba ya chitsulo. Musanabzale chonyamulira, gudumu lamkati 19 limayikidwa mu crankcase ya shaft ya axle pa mayendedwe awiri. Zovala zapawiri zokhala ndi tapered zamkati mwamkati zimayikidwa mwachindunji panyumba ya axle, pomwe chonyamulira chakunja cha cylindrical chimayikidwa pa chonyamulira magudumu. A cast spacer imayikidwa pakati pa chonyamulira chokhala ndi tapered ndi chonyamulira magudumu. Kenako bulaketi yosonkhanitsidwa imakhazikika panyumba ya axle shaft pogwiritsa ntchito nut 25 ndi loko mtedza 27. Mphete yosungira 26 imayikidwa pakati pa mtedza ndi mtedza wa loko, womwe uyenera kulowa mumtsinje wa nyumba ya axle ndi kutuluka kwamkati.

Makapu osonkhanitsidwa a magiya amagudumu amapanga mabowo atatu momwe ma satelayiti amalowetsedwamo momasuka. Ma satellites apanga bwino mabowo a cylindrical kuti akhazikitse mayendedwe 4 a cylindrical roller omwe alibe mphete zakunja kapena zamkati. Chifukwa chake, dzenje lamkati la cylindrical la satellite ndi lamba wopindika wothandizira odzigudubuza. Mofananamo, pamwamba pa satellite shaft imagwira ntchito ya mphete yamkati ya bearing. Popeza kulimba kwa mayendedwe kumakhudzana mwachindunji ndi kuuma kwa mayendedwe othamanga, ma satellite shaft amapangidwa ndi chitsulo cha alloy ndi kutentha komwe amachitiridwa kuti apeze kuuma kwakukulu kwa pamwamba (HRC 60-64.

Posonkhanitsa magudumu, choyamba, zitsulo zimayikidwa mu dzenje la satelayiti, ndiyeno, kutsitsa giya mu dzenje lopangidwa ndi makapu, shaft ya satellite imayikidwa muzitsulo. Satellite shaft imayikidwa m'makapu panjira yosinthira ndipo imakhazikika mwa iwo pozungulira ndi kusuntha kwa axial mothandizidwa ndi bawuti yotsekera 3, ndodo ya conical yomwe imalowa mu dzenje la conical kumapeto kwa shaft satellite. Kuti muthe kuthyoka kwa shaft iyi, pali dzenje la ulusi kutsogolo kwake. Polowetsa bolt mu dzenje ili kudzera m'manja, ndikutsamira pa kapu yakunja ya chonyamulira, mutha kuchotsa shaft mosavuta pa satelayiti.

Magiya amalumikizana ndi zida za dzuwa komanso zida za mphete.

Torque imatumizidwa ku giya yayikulu kudzera mu magiya atatu olumikizidwa nayo, kotero kuti mano a mphete amakhala ochepa poyerekeza ndi mano a giya yamagudumu. Zochitika zogwirira ntchito zikuwonetsanso kuti giya yolumikizana ndi rimu yamkati ndiyokhazikika kwambiri. Zovala za mphete zimayikidwa ndikukhazikika ndi phewa pamphepete mwa gudumu lakumbuyo. Gasket imayikidwa pakati pa giya ndi likulu.

Kumbali yakunja, pakati pa kolala ya mphete ya mphete, pali chivundikiro chachikulu 14 chomwe chimaphimba zida. Gasket yosindikiza imayikidwanso pakati pa chivundikiro ndi gear. Chivundikiro ndi giya mphete zimakongoletsedwa ndi mabawuti wamba ndi 15 kupita ku gudumu lakumbuyo, lomwe limayikidwa pa chonyamulira chokwera pama gudumu, kupereka kulondola koyenera komwe kuli ma satelayiti mothandizidwa ndi exle, mabowo olondola. za chonyamulira chomwecho chomwe chimayikidwa panthawi yokonza ndi kugwirizanitsa koyenera kwa ma satelayiti ndi mutu wa clockwork. Kumbali ina, zida za dzuŵa sizikhala ndi chithandizo chapadera, mwachitsanzo, "zimayandama" ndipo zimayang'ana pa mano a pulaneti, kotero katundu pa mapulaneti a mapulaneti ndi oyenerera, chifukwa amagawidwa mofanana mozungulira mozungulira ndi kulondola kokwanira. .

Dzuwa la gudumu ndi ma satellites amapangidwa ndi zitsulo zamtengo wapatali za alloy 20ХНЗА ndi chithandizo cha kutentha. Kuuma kwa mano a giya kumafika pa HRC 58-62, ndipo pachimake mano amakhalabe ductile ndi kuuma kwa HRC 28-40. Giya ya mphete yodzaza pang'ono imapangidwa ndi chitsulo cha 18KhGT.

Magiya ndi mayendedwe a magiya ochepetsera magudumu amathiridwa mafuta opopera omwe amatsanuliridwa pabowo la zida zochepetsera magudumu. Chifukwa chipinda cha giya chimakhala ndi chivundikiro chachikulu komanso gudumu lakumbuyo lomwe limazungulira pazinyalala za tapered, mafuta omwe ali m'chipinda cha giya amakhala akugwedezeka nthawi zonse kuti apereke mafuta ku magiya onse ndi ma giya gudumu. Mafuta amatsanuliridwa ndi kapu yaying'ono 7, yolumikizidwa ndi kapu yayikulu yama gudumu yokhala ndi zikhomo zitatu ndikumata pakati pa kolala yapakati ndi mphete yosindikiza mphira 12.

Ndi chivundikiro chaching'ono chochotsedwa, m'mphepete mwa dzenje pachivundikiro chachikulu chimatsimikizira kuchuluka kwamafuta ofunikira mu sitima yamagudumu. Pulagi yayikulu yokhetsa mafuta imakhala ndi dzenje lotsekedwa ndi pulagi ya mbiya. Kuti mafuta asasunthike kuchokera pabowo la gudumu kupita ku gearbox yapakati, monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, chosindikizira chamafuta awiri chimayikidwa pa axle shaft.

Mafuta ochokera ku gudumu loyendetsa magudumu amalowanso kumbuyo kwa gudumu lakumbuyo kuti azipaka matayala awiri a tapered ndi cylindrical roller mawilo.

Kuchokera kumbali yamkati ya kanyumba mpaka kumapeto kwake, kupyolera mu gasket ya rabara, chivundikiro cha bokosi losungiramo zinthu chimasokonekera, momwe bokosi lodzitsekera lodzitsekera la rabara limayikidwa. Mphepete mwa bokosi losungiramo zinthu limasindikiza patsekeke pakhoma limodzi ndi mphete yochotseka yomwe imakanikizidwa munyumba ya axle. Pamwamba pa mpheteyo ndi pansi pa chiyero chapamwamba, cholimba kuti chikhale cholimba komanso chopukutidwa. Chophimba cha bokosi choyikapo pa gudumu chimakhazikika pamapewa, omwe nthawi yomweyo amapumira motsutsana ndi mphete yakunja ya kubereka kwapawiri, kuchepetsa kuyenda kwake kwa axial.

Pachivundikiro cha gland, flange, yomwe ndi yayikulu kwambiri, imakhala ngati chopondera mafuta, popeza pali kusiyana kochepa pakati pake ndi mphete yochotsa. Komanso, pamtunda wa cylindrical wa flange, ma groove otulutsa mafuta amadulidwa, kukhala ndi kupendekera koyang'ana komwe kumazungulira kozungulira. Pofuna kupewa kuti mafuta asalowe m'ng'oma za brake, chisindikizo chamafuta chimatsekedwa ndi chopondera mafuta.