Westland Lynx ndi Wildcat
Gulu la Royal Navy's Black Cats pakadali pano lili ndi ma helikoputala awiri a HMA.2 Wildcat ndipo akuwonetsa umwini wa mtundu uwu wa helikopita pochita ziwonetsero.
Wopangidwa ndi Westland ndikupangidwa ndi Leonardo, banja la Lynx la helikopita likugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi gulu lankhondo la mayiko 9: Great Britain, Algeria, Brazil, Philippines, Germany, Malaysia, Oman, Republic of Korea ndi Thailand. Kupitilira theka la zana, makope opitilira 500 adamangidwa, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ma helikopita kuti amenyane ndi sitima zapamadzi, zombo zapamadzi ndi akasinja, kuti achite ntchito zowunikira, zoyendetsa ndi zopulumutsa. Rotorcraft yaposachedwa kwambiri kuchokera ku banja ili, AW159 Wildcat, imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Philippines ndi Republic of Korea Naval Aviation, komanso ndi British Army Aviation ndi Royal Navy.
M'zaka za m'ma 60s, kampani ya Westland inakonza zomanga olowa m'malo mwa ma helikopita olemera a Belvedere (pulojekiti yawiri-rotor WG.1, kulemera kwa matani 16) ndi ndege zapakatikati za Wessex (WG.4, kulemera kwa 7700 kg) kwa British. asilikali. . Momwemonso, WG.3 imayenera kukhala helikopita yoyendetsa gulu lankhondo la 3,5 t kalasi, ndipo WG.12 inali helikopita yowunikira (1,2 t). Wopangidwa kuchokera ku WG.3, wolowa m'malo wa Whirlwind ndi Wasp, yemwe pambuyo pake adakhala Lynx, adasankhidwa WG.13. Zofunikira zankhondo ku 1964 zidayitanitsa helikopita yolimba komanso yodalirika yomwe imatha kunyamula asitikali a 7 kapena matani a 1,5 a katundu, okhala ndi zida zomwe zingathandizire magulu ankhondo pansi. Liwiro lalikulu liyenera kukhala 275 km / h, ndipo mtunda wa makilomita 280.
Poyamba, rotorcraft inkayendetsedwa ndi injini ziwiri za 6 hp Pratt & Whitney PT750A turboshaft. chilichonse, koma wopanga sanatsimikizire kuti mtundu wamphamvu kwambiri udzapangidwa pakapita nthawi. Pamapeto pake, adaganiza zogwiritsa ntchito 360 hp Bristol Siddeley BS.900, pambuyo pake Rolls-Royce Gem, yomwe inayambika ku de Havilland (choncho dzina lachikale la G).
Mgwirizano wabwino wa Anglo-French mumakampani oyendetsa ndege ndi zofunikira zofanana zomwe zidaperekedwa ndi asitikali a mayiko awiriwa zidapangitsa kuti pakhale chitukuko cholumikizana cha mitundu itatu ya rotorcraft, yosiyana kukula ndi ntchito: zoyendera sing'anga (SA330 Puma), ndege yapadera komanso anti- thanki (Lynx yamtsogolo) ndi makina opepuka amitundu yambiri (SA340 Mbawala). Zitsanzo zonse ziyenera kugulidwa ndi asilikali a mayiko onse awiri. Sud Aviation (kenako Aerospatiale) adalowa nawo pulogalamu ya Lynx mu 1967 ndipo adayenera kukhala ndi udindo wa 30 peresenti. kupanga ndege zamtunduwu. M'zaka zotsatira, mgwirizano unachititsa kugula kwa SA330 Puma ndi SA342 Gazelle ndi asilikali a British (a French anali atsogoleri a polojekiti ndi zomangamanga), ndipo ndege zapamadzi za ku France zinalandira Lynxes wa ku Westland. Poyambirira, a French ankafunanso kugula Lynxes okhala ndi zida ngati ndege za helikoputala zankhondo zapansi panthaka, koma kumapeto kwa 1969 gulu lankhondo la France lidaganiza zosiya ntchitoyi.
Masamba Chithunzi Pagulu Westland Lynx Zaka 50 zapitazo, Januware 21, 1971
Chochititsa chidwi, chifukwa cha mgwirizano ndi French, WG.13 inakhala ndege yoyamba ya ku Britain yopangidwa muzitsulo zamagetsi. Chitsanzo cha helikopita, chomwe poyamba chinatchedwa Westland-Sud WG.13, chinawonetsedwa koyamba pa Paris Air Show mu 1970.
Ndizofunikira kudziwa kutenga nawo gawo pakupanga Lynx ndi m'modzi mwa akatswiri aku Poland, Tadeusz Leopold Cyastuly (1909-1979). Wophunzira ku Warsaw University of Technology, yemwe adagwira ntchito nkhondo isanayambe, kuphatikizapo. monga woyesa woyendetsa ndege ku ITL, mu 1939 adasamutsidwa kupita ku Romania, kenako ku France, ndipo mu 1940 ku UK. Kuyambira 1941 adagwira ntchito mu dipatimenti ya aerodynamics ya Royal Aircraft Establishment komanso adawulutsa omenyera nkhondo ndi 302 Squadron. Skeeter helikopita, yomwe pambuyo pake idapangidwa ndi Saunders-Roe. Kampaniyo italandidwa ndi Westland, anali m'modzi mwa omwe adapanga helikopita ya P.1947, yopangidwa mochuluka ngati Wasp ndi Scout. Ntchito ya Engineer Ciastła inaphatikizansopo kuyang'anira kusinthidwa kwa magetsi a ndege za ndege za Wessex ndi Sea King, komanso chitukuko cha polojekiti ya WG.531. M'zaka zotsatira adagwiranso ntchito yomanga hovercraft.
Kuthawa kwa prototype Westland Lynx kunachitika zaka 50 zapitazo pa Marichi 21, 1971 ku Yeovil. Ndegeyo yopaka utoto wachikasu idayendetsedwa ndi Ron Gellatly ndi Roy Moxum, omwe adapanga maulendo apandege awiri amphindi 10 ndi 20 tsiku lomwelo. Ogwira ntchitowa ankayendetsedwa ndi injiniya woyesera Dave Gibbins. Ulendo wa pandege ndi kuyezetsa zidachedwetsedwa miyezi ingapo kuchokera pa ndandanda yawo yoyambirira chifukwa cha zovuta za Rolls-Royce kukonza makina opangira magetsi. Ma injini oyambirira a BS.360 analibe mphamvu zolengezedwa, zomwe zinakhudza kwambiri makhalidwe ndi katundu wa prototypes. Chifukwa chakufunika kosinthira ndege ya helikopita kuti iyende pa ndege ya C-130 Hercules komanso kukonzekera kugwira ntchito mkati mwa maola 2 mutatsitsa, okonzawo adayenera kugwiritsa ntchito gawo la "compact" la gawo lonyamula ndi rotor yayikulu yokhala ndi zinthu zopangidwa. kuchokera ku chipika chimodzi cha titaniyamu. Mayankho atsatanetsatane omalizawa adapangidwa ndi mainjiniya aku France ochokera ku Aerospatiale.
Ma prototypes asanu adapangidwa kuti ayesedwe kufakitale, aliyense adapaka utoto wosiyana kuti asiyanitse. Chitsanzo choyamba cholembedwa kuti XW5 chinali chachikasu, XW835 imvi, XW836 chofiira, XW837 buluu ndi XW838 yomaliza ya lalanje. Popeza kope la imvi ladutsa mayeso a resonance, Lynx yofiira idanyamuka kachiwiri (Seputembala 839, 28), ndipo ma helikoputala abuluu ndi imvi adanyamukanso mu Marichi 1971. Kuphatikiza pa ma prototypes, ma airframe opangidwa kale a 1972 adagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyesa ndikuwongolera bwino mapangidwewo, okonzedwa kuti akwaniritse zofunikira za omwe adzalandire m'tsogolo - Gulu Lankhondo la Britain (limodzi ndi zida zofikira ku skid), Navy ndi French Aeronavale Naval Aviation ( onse okhala ndi giya yotera yamawilo). Poyamba, amayenera kukhala asanu ndi awiri a iwo, koma pamayesero amodzi mwa magalimoto adagwa (makina opindika mchira adalephera) ndipo ina idamangidwa.
