Kusankhidwa kwa Windshield

Eni magalimoto ambiri, akukumana ndi vuto ngati kusintha mazenera agalimoto, amadzifunsa kuti: "Ndi galasi iti yogula, yoyambirira kapena yosakhala yoyambirira?"

Zomwe ziyenera kukhala galasi lamoto: choyambirira kapena ayi

Kumbali imodzi, aliyense angafune kukhala ndi magawo oyambirira okha m'galimoto yawo, koma Komano, zinthu zoyambirira zimadula kawiri kapena katatu kuposa zomwe sizinali zoyambirira. Ndiye mungagule bwanji magalasi abwino agalimoto, kusunga pang'ono osataya mtundu? Musanayankhe funso limeneli, muyenera kumvetsa zambiri.

Zigawo zoyambirira zimayikidwa pafakitale yomwe idapanga izi kapena galimotoyo. Palibe mafakitale omwe amapanga magalasi apagalimoto, amagulidwa kuchokera kwa makontrakitala. Galasi "yoyambirira" imangokhala yamtundu wina wagalimoto, pamitundu ina sichidzawonedwanso ngati choyambirira. Malingana ndi izi, zikhoza kumveka kuti mawu akuti "choyambirira" amabisala zonse za wopanga magalasi.

Opanga magalasi agalimoto amakampani osiyanasiyana amasiyana kwambiri wina ndi mnzake. Opanga ku Europe amafewetsa mazenera agalimoto, kuipa kwake komwe kumawonjezera kukangana. Kwa opanga ku China, ndi olimba chifukwa ali ndi mankhwala osiyana kwambiri ndi galasi.

Moyo wautumiki wa galasi kwa galimoto ya opanga onsewo umadalira zinthu zambiri, chimodzi mwazomwe ndizochitika zogwirira ntchito. Kusamalira ndi kukonza ndizofanana kwa onse opanga.

Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa galasi lamagalimoto aku Europe ndi China ndi mtengo. Anthu a ku China ndi aafupi kwambiri kuposa oyambirira. Ndipo izi sizikutanthauza kuti khalidwe lake ndi loipa. Nthawi zina ngakhale zida zaku China zimaperekedwa ku mafakitale angapo, kuphatikiza aku Europe, ndipo mtengo wawo udzakhalabe wotsika. Chowonadi ndi chakuti ku China, mtengo wopangira ndi wotsika ndipo zinthu zake ndizotsika mtengo.

Mitundu ya ma windshields ndi matekinoloje akupanga kwawo

Opanga magalasi amagalimoto amagwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje osiyanasiyana. Kwa magalimoto opangidwa:

• Stalinist. Zinthuzo zimatenthedwa mpaka kutentha kwambiri ndikuzizira pang'onopang'ono. Stalinite ndi yolimba, ikakhudzidwa imaphwanyidwa kukhala tizidutswa tating'ono, tosakhala lakuthwa.
• Katatu. Kupanga katatu kumatengera kugwiritsa ntchito magalasi achilengedwe, filimu ndi guluu. Nkhaniyi yokutidwa ndi filimu mbali zonse ndi glued. Zinthu zodula zimayamwa bwino, zimakhala zolimba komanso sizifuna kukonzanso zovuta.
• Multilayer. Njira yokwera mtengo komanso yokhazikika. Mapepala angapo amamatira pamodzi. Magalasi okhala ndi laminated amayikidwa kwambiri m'magalimoto osankhika komanso magalimoto onyamula zida.

Triplex ingakhale njira yovomerezeka.

Mitundu yamagalasi amgalimoto

Kutentha kwa galasi la stalinite panthawi yotentha mpaka 650-6800 C ndi kuzizira kofulumira ndi mpweya wozizira kumapanga mphamvu zotsalira pamwamba pake zomwe zimafuna kukakamiza ndi kuonjezera mphamvu za pamwamba ndi kukhazikika kwa kutentha. Galasi yotenthedwa ikathyoka chifukwa cha mphamvu yosasunthika kukhala tizidutswa tating'ono ting'ono tomwe tilibe m'mphepete ndipo ndi yabwino kwa wokwera ndi woyendetsa.

Stalinite ndi yotetezeka koma yokhazikika.

Stalinite ndi galasi lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makampani opangira magalimoto pamagalasi akumbuyo ndi pakhomo, komanso magalasi a dzuwa. Ikhoza kudziwika ndi mtundu ndi chilembo "T" kapena Templado, kutanthauza "Kutentha". Magalasi aku Russia amagalimoto amalembedwa ndi chilembo "Z".

Triplex ndiyokhazikika komanso yodalirika

Triplex: galasi, lomwe ndi mapepala awiri olumikizidwa ndi filimu ya polyvinyl butyl. The organic zotanuka wosanjikiza kumapangitsa kukana kwagalasi kuzinthu zamakina akunja. Galasiyo ikasweka, zidutswa zake sizimatuluka, koma zimamatira kunsanjika ya pulasitiki, kuti zisakhale zowopsa kwa dalaivala ndi wokwera yemwe wakhala kutsogolo. Magalasi a triplex osagwira mphamvu amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makampani amagalimoto ngati magalasi amagetsi.

Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma windshields. Kuphatikiza pa kukana misozi, galasi la triplex lili ndi zina zowonjezera zomwe zimathandizira kugawa kwake. Izi zikuphatikizapo kukhoza kuyamwa phokoso, kuchepetsa matenthedwe matenthedwe ndi kutentha kukana, kuthekera kodetsa.

Galasi yamagalimoto yopangidwa ndi laminated, yomwe imakhala ndi mapepala angapo ndipo imakhala ndi zomatira zingapo, sagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri pamagalimoto apamwamba kwambiri. Amapanga kutentha kwabwino komanso kutsekemera kwamawu mkati mwagalimoto, komanso atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'magalimoto onyamula ndalama.

Magalasi okhala ndi zida za Audi A8 L Security. Kulemera kwa galasi - 300 kg, modekha kumalimbana ndi nkhonya za zida zokha

Ndizotheka kukhazikitsa mwaukadaulo komanso mwaluso magalasi agalimoto pagalimoto yamagalimoto mothandizidwa ndi zida zapadera ndi zida zomwe zimapezeka m'mashopu ndi masitolo ogulitsa. Pamaso pa kuwonongeka kochepa mu mawonekedwe a microcracks ndi tchipisi, amatha kuchotsedwa ndi kupukuta popanda kuchotsa galasi. Ndikoyenera kusintha galasi ngati pali ming'alu yayikulu yotalika yomwe imawopseza chiwonongeko chake. Galasi yamagalimoto imatha kukhazikitsidwa ndi guluu kapena zisindikizo za mphira.

Njira yoyamba, yopita patsogolo kwambiri imapangitsa kuti thupi likhale lolimba. Imakhala ndi kulimba kwambiri komanso kulimba kwa kulumikizana. Njira yachiwiri, yogwiritsira ntchito zisindikizo za rabara, ndi ya njira yachikale, koma pang'onopang'ono ikutha kuchokera ku ntchito zothandiza.

Magalasi agalimoto amalembedwa molumikizana, amatengedwa pakati pa opanga magalasi, ndipo amalembedwa pakona imodzi. Kulemba magalasi kumakhala ndi chidziwitso chokhudza mtundu wake ndi wopanga.

International terminology kodi

Mu English English (UK, Australia, New Zealand), mawu oti "windshield" amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutanthauza chowongolera chakutsogolo. Kuphatikiza apo, ma windshields akale amasewera amasewera omwe amakhala osakwana 20 cm (ma mainchesi 8 kukhala enieni) nthawi zina amatchedwa "aeroscreens".

Mu American English, mawu oti "windshield" amagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo "windshield" nthawi zambiri amatanthauza zokutira kapena zokutira maikolofoni za polyurethane zomwe zimachepetsa phokoso lakumbuyo. Mu English English, zosiyana ndi zoona.

Mu Chingerezi cha Chijapani, chofanana ndi chowonera kutsogolo ndi "zenera lakutsogolo".

M'Chijeremani, "windshield" ingakhale "Windschutzscheibe", ndipo mu French "pare-brise". Chitaliyana ndi Chisipanishi amagwiritsa ntchito mawu ofanana komanso okhudzana ndi zilankhulo "parabrezza" ndi "windshield", motsatana.

Dzichitireni nokha masitepe osinthira ma windshield

Chotsani chowonera kutsogolo chakale

Chingwe kapena mpeni wapadera umayikidwa pakati pa galasi ndi poyambira ndipo chosindikizira chakale chimadulidwa. Samalani kwambiri mukuyenda mozungulira malo ozungulira kuti musawononge pulasitiki.

Kukonzekera malo omatira pa windshield

Ndi mpeni womanga, tinadula zotsalira za sealant yakale. Kuwumba mu nkhaniyi, monga lamulo, kumalephera, koma tisaiwale kugula yatsopano, kuti tisadandaule kwambiri. Kuyesa galasi latsopano la malo anu amtsogolo.

Lembani zolemba ndi chikhomo ngati kuli kofunikira. Pazitsanzo zina zamagalimoto pali maimidwe apadera omwe sangalole kuyika kolakwika ndikusintha ma windshield. Ngati mulibe galasi, konzekerani malo pa hood pophimba ndi chinthu chofewa kale kuti musawononge galasi latsopano.

Degreasing glass grooves

Kapena chotsitsa mafuta kuchokera pakiti kapena anti-silicone degreaser.

Kudzaza

Sitikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito primer pa zotsalira za sealant yapitayi. Choyambiriracho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pagawo limodzi ndi burashi kapena swab kuchokera pakiti. Choyambiriracho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamalo a gluing pathupi, komanso pagalasi pamalo omwe akuyembekezeka kukhudzana ndi poyambira.

Woyambitsa

Amakonza zotsalira zosachotsedwa za chosindikizira chakale.

Zoyenera Kuchita ndi Zosachita za Windshield Replacement

1. Pewani kumenyetsa zitseko mokweza. Magalimoto ambiri ali ndi makina osindikizidwa, choncho yesetsani kuti musameze zitseko mutangoika galasi latsopano. Kumenyetsa chitseko kumapangitsa kuti mpweya usavutike kwambiri pa windshield, zomwe zingathe kuthyola chisindikizo chatsopano mosavuta. Izi, zipangitsa kutayikira ndikusuntha galasi pamalo pomwe idayambira.

2. Ino sinthawi yotsuka galimoto yanu! Mukasintha galasi lakutsogolo lagalimoto yanu, musamatsuke kwa maola 48 otsatira. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, tikufuna kuzindikira kuti kusamba m'manja kapena kusamba m'manja panthawiyi sikuli koyenera. Kumbukirani mfundo yofunikayi ndipo pewani madzi kapena mpweya wosafunika m'galimoto yanu kwa maola osachepera 48 kapena kuposerapo.

Ngati munyalanyaza malangizowa, mukhoza kungowononga chisindikizo chatsopano cha galasi, chomwe sichinayikidwe bwino. Panthawiyi, mphepo yamkuntho imauma, mawilo a galimoto akhoza kutsukidwa nokha, ndithudi, ndi manja anu.

3. Dikirani ndi maulendo. Ngati mwaikapo galasi lakutsogolo pa galimoto yanu, yesetsani kuti musayendetse kwa ola limodzi kapena awiri. Monga momwe mwawonera, kuti musinthe galasilo, mudzafunika guluu ndi galasi lokha. Pambuyo pa njira zonse, amafunikira nthawi kuti apeze bwino ndi chinyezi komanso kutentha kozungulira.

4. Bwezerani ma wipers. Windshield wipers ndi zida zamakina zomwe zimangoyang'ana pagalasi lamoto nthawi zonse, kotero pali mwayi woti awononge galasi kapena kusiya zipsera zoyipa. Chifukwa chake, galasilo liyamba kutha ndipo liyenera kusinthidwa miyezi ingapo iliyonse. Choncho, chitanipo kanthu mwamsanga, kusintha ma wipers mwamsanga.

5. Tepi yagalasi. Monga lamulo, posintha mphepo yam'mbuyo ndi manja anu, tepi yapadera imagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza. Onetsetsani kuti tepi yomweyi imakhala pagalasi la galasi kwa maola osachepera 24. Mutha kukwera ndi tepi iyi, sizimasokoneza mawonekedwe konse, koma ngati mutachotsa tepi iyi, chithandizo chomwe mphepo yamkuntho ikufunika tsopano idzatayika.

Aerodynamic mbali

Monga zoyeserera za wofufuza waku America V.E. Leia pa zitsanzo mu ngalande ya mphepo, geometry ndi udindo wa windshield kwambiri zimakhudza aerodynamics galimoto.

Mtengo wocheperako wa aerodynamic coefficient Cx (i.e., kukoka kotsika kwambiri kwa aerodynamic), ceteris paribus, amapezedwa pamakona a windshield ya 45 ... 50 madigiri okhudzana ndi ofukula, kuwonjezereka kwina kumachita. sikubweretsa kusintha kwakukulu pakuwongolera.

Kusiyana pakati pa zabwino ndi zoyipa kwambiri (zokhala ndi chowongolera choyang'ana) zinali 8...13%.

Zoyesera zomwezo zikuwonetsa kuti kusiyana kwa ma aerodynamic coefficients agalimoto okhala ndi chowongolera chakutsogolo ndi chowongolera chapamwamba kwambiri chothandiza kwambiri (gawo lozungulira, losapezeka mugalimoto yeniyeni) pansi pamikhalidwe yofanana ndi 7 ... 12%.

Kuonjezera apo, zolembazo zimasonyeza kuti mapangidwe a kusintha kuchokera ku mphepo yamkuntho kupita padenga, mbali za thupi ndi hood zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakupanga chithunzi cha aerodynamic cha thupi la galimoto, chomwe chiyenera kukhala chosalala momwe zingathere. Masiku ano, wodula wowononga mwa mawonekedwe a "kumbuyo" m'mphepete mwa hood amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, omwe amasokoneza kutuluka kwa mpweya kuchokera pamphepete mwa hood ndi windshield, kotero kuti zopukuta zimakhala mu "mthunzi" wa aerodynamic. Ma gutters sayenera kukhala pakusintha kuchokera pamphepo yamkuntho kupita kumbali ya thupi ndi padenga, chifukwa kusinthaku kumawonjezera kuthamanga kwa mpweya.

Kufunika kogwiritsa ntchito magalasi amakono omatira, omwe sikuti amachepetsa kukoka kwa aerodynamic, komanso kumawonjezera mphamvu ya thupi lonse, adatsindika.