Viscosity ya mafuta a injini m'chilimwe, nyengo yozizira. Kutentha tebulo.

Mafuta a injini, monga mukudziwa, amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri mu injini - amatsuka ziwalo zobereketsa, zimatsimikizira kulimba kwa ma silinda ndikuchotsa zinthu zonse zoyaka. Mafuta onse amagalimoto amapangidwa ndi distillation yamafuta ndikulekanitsa tizigawo tolemera kuchokera pamenepo, ndipo mawonekedwe opatsidwa amayikidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zowonjezera zosiyanasiyana.

Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri zamafuta aliwonse amgalimoto ndi kukhuthala kwake. The mamasukidwe akayendedwe a mafuta ndi luso kusunga ankafuna katundu mu anapatsidwa kutentha osiyanasiyana, ndiye kuti, kukhala pakati mating mbali pamene kusunga fluidity. Kutentha kumatengera mtundu wa injini komanso nyengo yomwe imayendetsedwa. Mwachitsanzo, kwa mayiko omwe ali ndi nyengo yofunda, mafuta omwe ali ndi index yayikulu ya viscosity amafunika, motero, adzakhala ochuluka kuposa mafuta omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'madera ozizira.

Kodi kudziwa mamasukidwe akayendedwe a mafuta?

Ngati mudawonapo zitini zamafuta apulasitiki zomwe zimagulitsidwa pamagalasi komanso m'masitolo ambiri, ndiye kuti onse ali ndi mayina amtundu - 10W-40, 5W-30, 15W-40, ndi zitini zamafuta amafuta, nigrol, mafuta a gearbox. amasankhidwa - 80W-90, 75W-80, etc. Kodi manambala ndi zilembo izi zikutanthauza chiyani?

W - izi zimachokera ku liwu lachisanu - yozizira, ndiye kuti, mitundu yonse yamafuta agalimoto omwe ali ndi dzina lotere ndi oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyengo yozizira. Zowona, ziyenera kumveka bwino kuti nyengo yachisanu ndi yosiyana - ku Crimea kapena ku Sochi, kutentha sikutsika kawirikawiri kuzinthu zoopsa zomwe zimachitika ku Novosibirsk kapena Yakutsk.

Tiyeni titenge mtundu wodziwika kwambiri mu nyengo yathu - 10W-40. Nambala khumi zikusonyeza kuti mamasukidwe akayendedwe a mafuta pa chisanu opanda madigiri 25 (kuti chithunzi ichi, muyenera kuchotsa 35 kuchokera khumi) kufika pa mtengo wake pazipita pamene n'zotheka bwinobwino kuyamba injini.

Palinso index ya pumpability, yomwe imatsimikizira kutentha kwa mpweya wochepa kwambiri komwe pampu idzatha kupopera mafuta mu dongosolo. Kuti mudziwe kutentha kumeneku, muyenera kuchotsa makumi anayi kuchokera ku chiwerengero choyamba - kwa 10W-40 timapeza mtengo wa madigiri osachepera 30. Choncho, mafuta amtundu uwu ndi abwino kwa mayiko omwe sazizira kuposa madigiri 25-30 pansi pa ziro.

Ngati tilankhula za nambala yachiwiri muzolemba - 40 - ndiye zimatsimikizira kukhuthala kwa kinematic ndi mphamvu pa +100 ndi +150 madigiri, motero. Kuchulukana kwamafuta ndikokulirapo, chizindikirochi chimakhala chachikulu. Mafuta 10W-40, komabe, monga china chilichonse, momwe kalata W ilipo, ndi nyengo yonse ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa kutentha kwapakati pa -30 mpaka +40. Kwa injini zomwe zakhala zikugwira theka la moyo wawo, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta omwe amawonetsa kukhuthala kwamphamvu pa kutentha kwakukulu ndi 50 - 10W-50 kapena 20W-50.

Viscosity tebulo.

Ngati tikulankhula za mafuta a gear, ndiye kuti pali chizindikiro chapadera, chomwe sitingachikhudze, tidzangonena kuti kutsika kwa chiwerengero choyamba pa chizindikiro, kutentha kwapansi mafuta amatha kusunga katundu wake. Mwachitsanzo, 75W-80 kapena 75W-90 angagwiritsidwe ntchito pa kutentha kuchokera -40 kuti +35, ndi 85W-90 - kuchokera -15 kuti +40.

Kodi kusankha mafuta ndi mamasukidwe akayendedwe?

Posankha injini mafuta chitsanzo, muyenera kulabadira angapo mayina: mtundu injini, mtundu galimoto, mamasukidwe akayendedwe - dizilo / petulo, jekeseni / carburetor, okwera / galimoto, ndi zina zotero. Zonsezi nthawi zambiri zimawonetsedwa palemba. Kuphatikiza apo, pali mafuta omwe amalangizidwa ndi wopanga, musanyalanyaze malangizowa, popeza injiniyo idapangidwa kuti ikhale ndi mawonekedwe enaake.

Popeza Russia ili ndi kusiyana kwakukulu kwa kutentha kwa nyengo, muyenera kusankha mafuta omwe ali oyenera nyengo yanu. Mwachitsanzo, pa kutentha otsika, ngakhale osati kwambiri, kudzakhala kosavuta kuyambitsa injini ngati 5W-30 odzaza mafuta, popeza akasunga katundu wake ntchito pa kutentha mpaka -40.

Ngati kutentha kwapachaka kuli pakati pa -20 mpaka +20, ndiye kuti simukusowa kuti mubwere ndi chinthu chapadera ndikugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ambiri 10W-40, 15W-40, chabwino, kapena 10W-50, 20W-50 kwa injini "zotopa".

Kuyesedwa kwa mafuta ena agalimoto ndi momwe amagwirira ntchito.

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