Sitimayi yobwezeretsanso sitata: zovuta zazikulu ndi zosankha zamapulogalamu

Ngakhale kuti oyendetsa magalimoto amakono ambiri amakonda kukonza ndikukonza magalimoto awo m'malo apadera, palibe amene wathetsa matenda odziyimira pawokha. Kuphatikiza apo, kumvetsetsa kwamapangidwe amakina kumathandizira kupewa chinyengo cha amisili osakhulupirika, omwe amazindikira kuti waya wosowayo ndi kuwonongeka kwa gawo lalikulu. Ndipo "amakonzanso" kuwonongeka uku ndikulimbitsa koyambira.

Chimodzi mwazomwe wokonda magalimoto amayenera kukhala wosamala ndi pamene ayambitsa injini. Mwambiri, izi ndizotheka ngati sitata ikugwira bwino ntchito. Udindo wofunikira ngati injini yoyaka yamkati yonyamula iyambika imaseweredwa ndi wobwezeretsanso kapena wolandirana.

Kodi sitata yoyambira yoyambira ndiyotani?

Gawo ili laphatikizidwa ndi sitata. Zimatengera kuti kaya flywheel imatha kuyambitsa chowongolera kapena ayi. Monga tawonera pachithunzichi, kulandirana kotereku ndi gawo la kapangidwe koyambira.

Palibe choyambira chamakono chamagetsi chomwe chimagwira popanda izi. Pali zosintha zambiri za chinthuchi. Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito chipangizocho kuli kofanana nthawi zonse. Chotumiziracho chimagwira ntchito zingapo nthawi imodzi.

Cholinga cha cholumikizira choyambira cha solenoid

Musasokoneze gawoli ndi sitata yolandirana, yomwe ECU imagwiritsa ntchito poyambitsa. Yonyamula (dzinali limagwiritsidwa ntchito mwalamulo ndi wopanga magalimoto muukadaulo) imayikidwa molunjika panyumba yoyambira ndipo imawoneka ngati chinthu chosiyana, koma mbali imodzi imagwirizana kwambiri ndi chipangizocho.

Kutumiza kwa Solenoid mgalimoto kuchita izi:

• Amapereka kulumikizana kwamphamvu pakati pa gudumu lamagiya ndi korona wa flywheel;
• Sungani bendix pamalo amenewa bola dalaivala atagwira kiyi kapena batani loyambira pamalo okhwima;
• Amapereka kutseka kwamalumikizidwe amagetsi, zomwe zimabweretsa kuyambitsa kwa mota yoyambira;
• Bendix imabwereranso pamalo pomwe dalaivala amamasula batani kapena kiyi.

Kapangidwe, mitundu ndi mawonekedwe a zotsegulira za solenoid

Solenoid ili ndi zokutira ziwiri. Wamphamvu kwambiri ndi wobwezeretsa. Ali ndi udindo wowonetsetsa kuti nangula wathetsa kulimbana kwakukulu kwa zinthu zonse zomwe zatsimikizika. Chingwe chachiwiri choluka cha zingwe zing'onozing'ono chimangogwiranso ntchito momwemo.

Pofuna kuti mota yamagetsi isawonongeke pomwe bendix imalumikiza flywheel yamagalimoto omwe ayamba kale, oyambira ambiri amakono amakhala ndi zikopa zapadera.

Komanso, ma solenoid relays amasiyana pamtundu wanyumba. Itha kugundika kapena kusagundika. Kusiyananso kwina pakati pazosintha kuli munjira yoyendetsera. Makinawa amangoyambitsa sitata yoyambira, kapena limodzi ndi dera lomwe kuli koyilo kapena zida zina.

Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito traction yolandirana

Kulandirana kumagwira ntchito molingana ndi chiwembu chotsatira:

• Kutsetsereka kwake kumaperekedwa ndi magetsi ochokera ku magetsi;
• Mphamvu yamaginito yamphamvu yotere imapangidwa mmenemo kotero imayika nangula poyenda;
• Chombocho chimasunthira foloko yoyambira kotero kuti imagwiritsa ntchito bendix ndikuyisunthira ku flywheel;
• Mano a gudumu loyendetsa amachita ndi mano a m'mphepete mwake omwe ali kumapeto kwa flywheel;
• Nthawi yomweyo, kuchokera kumapeto ena, zida zankhondo zimasunthira ndodo, pomwe "khobiri" kapena mbale yolumikizirana imakhazikika;
• Mbaleyo imalumikiza zolumikizana, zomwe zimalumikizidwa ndi batri yamagalimoto pogwiritsa ntchito kulumikiza kudzera pamawaya;
• Voteji imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyambira;
• Pakadali pano, koyilo ya retractor siyayimitsidwe, koyilo yosunganso yasinthidwa kuti isinthe (imagwira ntchito pomwe woyendetsa akuyesera kuyambitsa injini);
• Makiyi (kapena batani Yoyambira) akatulutsidwa, magetsi amasowa poyenda, akasupe amabweza ndodo pamalo ake, kutsegula gulu lolumikizana, batiri limachotsedwa poyambira, mota wamagetsi umakhala wopanda mphamvu;
• Nthawi ino, nangula samakhalanso ndi foloko yoyambira;
• Mothandizidwa ndi kasupe wobwerera, bendix imachotsedwa pamutu, yomwe panthawiyi iyenera kuti ikuzungulira kale chifukwa chazoyendetsa zamagetsi zamkati.

Umu ndi momwe woyamba kutsegulira wakale amagwirira ntchito. Kutengera magwiridwe antchito, chipangizocho chimatha kulumikiza zida zowonjezera ku dera, mwachitsanzo, kulandirana kwina kapena koyilo yoyatsira.

Zizindikiro ndi zifukwa zakulephera kulandirana

Chizindikiro choyamba cha kuwonongeka kwa samatha ndikulephera kuyambitsa injini. Komabe, phokoso lachilendo limamveka kuchokera poyambitsa. Simusowa kukhala katswiri wodziwa bwino ntchito kuti mupeze poyambira wosweka. Kutembenuza kiyi sikungayambitse galimoto, kapena kungayese kangapo. Nthawi zina zimachitika kuti injini ikuyenda kale, kiyi imamasulidwa, koma gudumu la bendix silimadula pazida zamagetsi.

Palibe zifukwa zambiri zosokonekera pamakokedwe. Awiri mwa iwo ndi amakina - kasupe wobwerera wa Bendix wathyoka kapena clutch yopitilira yaphwanyidwa. Pachiyambi choyamba, giya silidzagwedezeka bwino kapena silingachoke pa korona. Chachiwiri, mapiringidzo obwerera alibe mphamvu zokwanira zogonjetsera kukana koteroko. Zotsatira zake, palibe injini imatembenuka kapena bendix imapitilira.

 Zolakwitsa zina zonse zimalumikizidwa ndi magetsi, kotero kuti mudziwe vuto, muyenera kudzipangira zida zoyenera.

Kuyang'ana kulandirana kwa retractor koyambira

Wobwezeretsayo atha kusweka kangapo. Amatha kuchotsedwa pokhapokha chipangizocho chitachotsedwa pagalimoto. Koma musanachite izi, muyenera kutsatira njira zingapo zosavuta. Amatha kuthetsa "chizindikiro" chofanana kwambiri ndi kulephera koyambira.

Chifukwa chake, nazi njira izi:

• Timayang'ana zolipiritsa batire - ngati sitata ikadina, koma mawilo samatembenuka, ndiye kuti kulibe mphamvu yokwanira;
• Magetsi sangayende kupita kumalo osungira chifukwa cha makutidwe ndi okosijeni pamapeto a batri kapena kulumikizana kwina kwamawaya. Makutidwe ndi okosijeni amachotsedwa ndipo zomangirazo zimakhazikika kwambiri;
• Chongani sitimayi yolandirana kuti muwone ngati ikugwira ntchito bwino.

Ngati kulephera sikunathetsedwe ndi izi, makinawo amachotsedwa pamakina.

Sitata ndondomeko dismantling

Choyamba, galimotoyo iyenera kuyendetsedwa mdzenje, kukwezedwa pamwamba kapena kunyamulidwa. Izi zidzapangitsa kuti kukhale kosavuta kukafika poyambira, ngakhale mumagalimoto ena chipinda chama injini ndi chachikulu kwambiri kotero kuti kufikira koyambira kumatheka ngakhale kuchokera pamwamba.

Sitata yokha imachotsedwa mosavuta. Choyamba, tulutsani mawaya olumikizirana (pamenepa, ayenera kulembedwa kuti asasokoneze polarity). Kenako ma bolts okwera samasulidwa, ndipo chipangizocho chili m'manja.

Momwe mungayang'anire kulandirana kwa retteror oyambira

Kugwira ntchito kwa retractor kumayesedwa motere:

• Kulumikizana kwabwino kwa chipangizocho kulumikizidwa ndi "+" terminal pa batri;
• Timakonza waya wolakwika kupita kumalo osayenerera a batri, ndikutseka kumapeto kwina kwa waya kumutu woyambira;
• Dinani momveka kuchokera ku chipangizocho kumawonetsa kugwira ntchito kolondola kwa kulandirana kwa samatha. Ngati sitata siyambitsa mota, ndiye kuti vutoli liyenera kuyang'aniridwa m'ma node ena, mwachitsanzo, pagalimoto yamagetsi yoyambira;
• Ngati palibe zomwe angachite, kuwonongeka kwapangika munthawiyo.

Kukonzekera kwa kulandirana kwa retteror koyambira

Nthawi zambiri, kulandirana kwa samatha kukonzedwa, chifukwa zinthu zake zimamangidwapo mosavutikira. Chinthu chokha chomwe chingachitike pakadali pano ndikuchotsa mosamala chopukusira chopukusira. Mbale yolumikizirana ili pansipa.

Nthawi zambiri kulephera kumakhala chifukwa chowotcha malo olumikizirana. Poterepa, mbale ndi zolumikizira zimatsukidwa ndi sandpaper. Pambuyo pokonzanso, thupi limasindikizidwa mosamala.

Njira yofananayo imachitidwa ndikusintha kolakwika. Kusiyana kokha ndi mfundo yosokoneza ndi kusonkhanitsa kapangidwe kake.

Ngati zonse zili bwino ndi omwe mumalumikizana nawo, koma samatha kugwira ntchito, ndiye kuti pali vuto ndi zovuta. Poterepa, gawolo limangosinthidwa kukhala latsopano. Kukonza zinthu izi ndizosowa kwenikweni, kenako ndi okonda zopangidwa ndi manja okha.

Kusankha kulandirana kwatsopano kwa solenoid

Kupeza wobwezeretsanso watsopano kuti muyambe kugwiritsa ntchito bwino ntchito yovuta sikovuta kwambiri. Kusankhaku kumapangidwa molingana ndi malingaliro a wopanga. M'ndandanda yamasitolo, kampaniyo imatha kupereka zosankha zingapo poyambira.

Muthanso kuthana ndi zoyambira, mubweretse ku sitolo. Kumeneko, akatswiri adzakuthandizani kusankha zosintha zoyenera.

Choyambirira, kusankha kuyenera kuyimitsidwa pagawo loyambirira, ngakhale sikapangidwe ku fakitale komwe galimoto idasonkhanitsidwa. Makamaka, opanga magalimoto amachita nawo msonkhano wamagalimoto okhaokha, ndipo zida zawo zopangira zimapangidwa m'mafakitole ena ndipo nthawi zambiri ndimakampani ena.

Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti obwezeretsanso sangasinthane poyambira osiyanasiyana. Amasiyana wina ndi mzake osati pakapangidwe kake monga mphamvu yamagalimoto komanso kulumikizana kwa dera. Pachifukwa ichi, muyenera kukhala osamala posankha gawo latsopano.

Otsogolera opanga

Mwa zinthu zomwe zimagulitsidwa m'misika yogulitsira, nthawi zambiri mumatha kupeza malo omwe sitampu ya kampani inayake ili, koma zolemba zing'onozing'ono zitha kuwonetsa kuti iyi ndi kampani yonyamula, ndipo wopanga ndi wosiyana kotheratu. Chitsanzo cha izi ndizopangidwa ndi kampani ya Cargo. Iyi ndi kampani yolongedza ku Danish, koma osati wopanga.

Ena mwa opanga otsogola apamwamba ndi awa:

• Opanga aku Europe - Bosch, Protech, Valeo;
• Makampani aku Japan - Hitachi, Denso;
• Ndipo wopanga wina waku America ndi Prestolite.

Posankha zinthu zomwe zili ndi mtundu wapamwamba kwambiri, wokonda magalimoto adzaonetsetsa kuti gawo lamagetsi lamagalimoto ake litha kuyamba nthawi iliyonse. Ngati batri yadzetsa, inde, koma ndiye mutu kubwereza kwina... Pakadali pano, yang'anani kanema wamomwe mungakonzere nokha poyambira:

Kokani-mu kulandirana. Konzani mumphindi 5. Samatha Kutumiza 2114.

Mafunso ndi Mayankho:

Kodi mungamvetse bwanji kuti retractor sikugwira ntchito poyambira? Poyesa kuyambitsa injini, kudina sikumveka; ichi ndi chizindikiro cha kusagwira ntchito kwa solenoid (kukoka-mu relay). Kuwombera pagalimoto yothamanga ndi chizindikiro cha kulephera kwa retractor.

Momwe mungayambitsire galimoto ngati solenoid relay sikugwira ntchito? Pankhaniyi, ndizosatheka kugwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chilichonse chamagetsi choyambira (solenoid sichingabweretse bendix ku korona wa flywheel). Injini imayamba kokha kuchokera kukukoka.

Kodi relay yoyambira imagwira ntchito bwanji? Mapiritsi awiri: kubweza ndi kugwira; mbale yolumikizana; mabawuti olumikizana; solenoid relay pachimake. Zonsezi zili m'nyumba yokhazikika kwa oyambira okha.