Zonse Za Matayala Oyendetsa Ndege

Ndi tayala lomwe limayang'ana ntchito zonse zaukadaulo (kupatula imodzi: gwira m'mbali)

Kuthamanga kwa bar 20, 340 km / h, kusiyana kwa kutentha kuchokera -50 mpaka 200 ° C, kupitirira matani 25 ...

Titawona momwe tayala la GP lili pachimake pa tayala la njinga yamoto, nayi chidziwitso chowonjezera cha dziko lodabwitsa la matayala! Ndipo kuunikira kumeneku kumatibweretsa ife tayala la ndegeyomwe ilidi basi yomwe imayang'ana kwambiri zovuta zamakono. Koma tiyeni tiyike zina za nkhaniyo tisanafike pamtima pa nkhaniyi.

Mabanja akuluakulu 4 ndi zovuta zamakono

Dziko la ndege lagawidwa m'mabanja anayi akuluakulu: Maulendo apamtunda amatanthauza ndege zazing'ono zapadera monga Cessna. Maulendo apamtunda amakhudza ndege zazikuluzikulu zomwe zimakhala ndi mipando 20 mpaka 149, zomwe zimayenda pafupifupi makilomita mazana angapo, komanso ndege zamalonda. Ndege zamalonda zimatha kuyendetsa maulendo apamtunda. Ponena za ndege zankhondo, zatchulidwa moyenerera.

Komabe, tayala la ndegeyo lili ndi vuto lalikulu. Imanenedwa kuti ndiukadaulo wapamwamba, koma m'mabanja atatu mwa anayi abizinesi (zandale, zachigawo, ndi zankhondo), mphira wandege akadali waukadaulo kwambiri. Inde, diagonal, osati yowala ngati kulumikizana kwathu kwakale kapena, posachedwa, Honda CB 750 K0 yabwino! Ichi ndichifukwa chake mu ndege zamtundu, mwachitsanzo, pali mitundu yambiri yomwe imatha kupereka matayala.

Chifukwa chake ndi chosavuta: muzoyendetsa ndege, zovomerezeka zamagulu ndizovuta kwambiri komanso zovuta. Choncho, pamene gawo livomerezedwa pa ndege, limatsimikiziridwa ndi moyo wa ndegeyo. Kuphatikizira gawo lina kungakhale kokwera mtengo kwambiri, ndipo popeza moyo wandege ndi zaka 3, nthawi zina utali, njira zaukadaulo zimacheperako kuposa m'malo ena. Chifukwa chake, m'badwo watsopano uliwonse wa ndege umathandizira kuchuluka kwa ma radialization amsika.

Izi zimakhala zovuta kwambiri muzamalonda zamalonda, kumene miyezo imakhala yovuta kwambiri. Choncho, matayala ndi radial, ndi osewera awiri okha luso luso ndi kugawana msika: Michelin ndi Bridgestone. Takulandilani ku lerepairedespilotesdavion.com !!

Moyo (wovuta) wa tayala la ndege ya Boeing kapena Airbus

Tangoganizani kuti ndinu basi yandege (palibe chifukwa, Ahindu amalota kubadwanso monga ng’ombe kapena duwa la lotus). Chifukwa chake, ndinu tayala la ndege lomwe layikidwa, titi, Airbus A340 kapena Boeing 777, mumtundu wawo wautali. Muli mwakachetechete pamtunda wa Terminal 2F ku Roissy. Makonde akonzedwa. Kununkhira kwatsopano. Ogwira ntchito akubwera. Hmm, ambuye ndi odabwitsa lero! Mabin ali otseguka, katundu amalowa, okwera amachoka, amasangalala kupita kutchuthi. Matayala a chakudya adapakidwa: ng'ombe kapena nkhuku?

Kumbali ina, mumamva kulemedwa pang'ono, ngati kuti akufinyidwa m'mapewa anu. Ndiyenera kunena kuti pafupifupi malita 200 a palafini angoponyedwa m'mapiko anu. Kuphatikizikako, ndegeyo imatha kulemera pafupifupi matani 000. Mwachiwonekere, simuli nokha kuti munyamule misa yonseyi: Airbus A380 ili ndi matayala 340, A14, 380. matayala agalimoto amangonyamula matani 22.

Aliyense ali wokonzeka kuyamba. Kutsegula kwa slaidi. Kuyang'ana khomo lina. Zidzakupwetekani kumeneko. Chifukwa chochoka pamalo otera, ndege yodzaza kwambiri imazungulira yokha kuti ituluke pamalo oyimikapo magalimoto ake. Rabara ya tayala idzakhala ndi zotsatira zometa, ngati kung'ambika pamalo okhudzana. Uwu!

Zomwe zimatchedwa "taxi" nthawi: taxi pakati pa chipata ndi msewu wonyamukira ndege. Ulendowu umachitika pa liwiro locheperako, koma pomwe ma eyapoti akukulirakulira, zitha kuchitika mopitilira ma kilomita angapo. Pano, iyinso si nkhani yabwino kwa inu: tayala ladzaza kwambiri, limagudubuzika kwa nthawi yayitali ndikutentha. Ndizovuta kwambiri pabwalo la ndege lalikulu lotentha kwambiri (monga Johannesburg); bwino pabwalo la ndege laling'ono kumayiko akumpoto (mwachitsanzo Ivalo).

Pamaso pa njanji: gasi! Pafupifupi masekondi 45, woyendetsa adzafika liwiro takeoff (250 mpaka 320 Km / h malinga ndi mphamvu ya ndege ndi mphepo). Uku ndikuyesa komaliza kwa tayala la ndege: malire amawonjezedwa pa katunduyo ndiyeno tayala limatha kutentha pang'ono mpaka 250 ° C. Likakhala mumlengalenga, tayalalo limalowa m’bowo kwa maola angapo. Muzigona, chisoni? Ndicho chimene, kupatula -50 ° C! Pansi pazimenezi, zida zambiri zimakhala zolimba ngati matabwa komanso zowonongeka ngati galasi: osati tayala la ndege, lomwe liyenera kubwezeretsanso makhalidwe ake onse mwamsanga.

Kuphatikiza apo, njira yodutsira ndegeyo ikuwoneka. Tsikani sitima. Ndegeyo imakhudza pansi bwino pa liwiro la 240 km / h. Kwa tayala, ichi ndi chisangalalo, chifukwa palibe pafupifupi mafuta a palafini, kotero chirichonse chimalemera matani zana, choncho panthawiyi chidzakwera kutentha kwa 120 ° C! Komano, carbon zimbale kutentha pang'ono, 8 njanji amene amapanga kuposa 1200 ° C kutentha. Kukutentha! Makilomita ochepa ochepa a taxi ndi mabasi a ndege azitha kuziziritsa ndikupumula pa phula, kudikirira kuzungulira kwatsopano ... kukonzedwa m'maola ochepa chabe!

NZG kapena RRR, ukadaulo wapamwamba

July 25, 2000: Tsoka la Roissy pamene Concorde ya Air France Flight 4590 yopita ku New York inagwa masekondi 90 chinyamuka. Limodzi mwa matayalalo linaonongeka ndi zinyalala zomwe zinasiyidwa panjanjipo; chidutswa cha tayala chimatuluka, kukhudza imodzi mwa akasinja ndikupangitsa kuphulika.

M'dziko lazamlengalenga, izi ndizowopsa. Opanga adzagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga matayala amphamvu. Osewera awiri akulu pamsika adzakumana ndi vutoli: Michelin wokhala ndi ukadaulo wa NZG (Near Zero Growth), womwe umalepheretsa kuphulika kwa matayala (mwachitsanzo, kutha kwapang'onopang'ono, komwe kumawonjezera kukana kwake), pogwiritsa ntchito ma aramid reinforcements mumtembo wa tayala, ndi Bridgestone yokhala ndi RRR (Revolutionary Reinforced Radial) yomwe imakwaniritsa Zinali ukadaulo wa NZG womwe unalola Concorde kubwerera mlengalenga asanapume pantchito.

Kupsompsona kozizira kawiri: tayala lolimba limapunduka pang'ono, motero kumachepetsa kuwononga mafuta mundege panthawi ya taxi.

Chitsanzo chazamalonda

M’dziko lamalonda, simuderanso nkhawa za kugula matayala. Chifukwa ngati mutagula, muyenera kusunga, kusonkhanitsa, kufufuza, kubwezeretsa, kubwezeretsanso ... Ndizovuta. Ayi, m’zamalonda amabwereka. Chotsatira chake, opanga matayala alowa muubwenzi wopindulitsa: kusamalira kasamalidwe, kupereka ndi kukonza matayala a ndege, ndipo, potero, kulipiritsa ndege kuti ifike. Aliyense ali ndi chidwi ndi izi: makampani samadandaula zatsatanetsatane ndipo amatha kuyembekezera mtengo, komano, opanga amapindula ndi kupanga matayala omwe amakhala nthawi yayitali.

Kodi tayala la ndege zamalonda limatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji? Izi ndizosasunthika kwambiri: zimadalira kwambiri kuchuluka kwa ndege, kutalika kwa magawo a taxi, kutentha kozungulira, komanso momwe msewu wonyamukira ndegeyo ulili. Tinene, kutengera magawo awa, pali mitundu yoyambira 150/200 mpaka 500/600 masamba. Izi sizithandiza kwenikweni kwa ndege yomwe imatha kuwuluka kamodzi kapena kawiri patsiku. Komano, kuchokera ku nyama yomweyo, matayalawa akhoza kukhala kubwezeretsa kangapo, kusunga machitidwe omwewo nthawi iliyonse ngati tayala latsopano, chifukwa mitembo yawo imapangidwira kuti.

Mlandu wapadera wa omenyana

Kulemera pang'ono, kuthamanga kwambiri, komanso voliyumu yocheperako (popeza malo amakhala ochepa kwambiri pa womenya, matayala oyendetsa ndege ndi mainchesi 15) komanso, koposa zonse, malo oletsa kwambiri, chifukwa, mwachitsanzo, ndege ya Charles de Gaulle ndi 260 mamita, ndipo ndege ikuyandikira pa liwiro la 270 Km / h! Choncho mphamvu ya retarding mphamvu ndi downright nkhanza, ndipo ndege amatha kuima ndi kupachika zingwe (zotchedwa "ulusi" pakati) wogwiridwa ndi mpope ndi kupsyinjika kwa 800 bar.

Liwiro lonyamuka ndi 390 km / h. Tayala lililonse liyenera kunyamula matani 10,5 ndipo mphamvu yawo ndi 27 bar! Ndipo mosasamala kanthu za zolephera izi komanso zovuta kwambiri, tayala lililonse limalemera ma kilogalamu 24 okha.

Motero, pa ndege zimenezi, moyo wa tayala umakhala waufupi kwambiri ndipo ukhoza kuchepetsedwa ndi kukwanira ngati tayalalo lagunda chingwe potera. Pankhaniyi, m'malo ndi chitetezo muyeso.

Pomaliza

Choncho: tayala la ndege lili ndi kuchuluka kwa matayala agalimoto. Koma tayala lagalimoto limayenda pa liwiro la 100 Km / h, limatulutsa mipiringidzo 8, limanyamula matani 5 ndikulemera pafupifupi ma kilogalamu 60. Matayala a ndege amayenda pa 340 km / h, amanyamula matani 20 mpaka 30 ndipo, pamene amalimbikitsidwa ponseponse, amalemera ma kilogalamu 120 ndipo amawotchedwa mpaka 20 mipiringidzo. Zonsezi zimatengera ukadaulo, sichoncho?

Tikubetcha kuti mutawerenga nkhaniyi, simudzakweranso ndege osayang'ana matayala ake ndi diso lina?