Lincoln

Zamkatimu FounderEmblemMbiri ya mtundu wamagalimoto Mtundu wa Lincoln ukhoza kuganiziridwa kuti ndi wofanana ndi wapamwamba komanso kukongola. Siziwoneka kawirikawiri m'misewu, chifukwa mtundu wapamwambawu umapangidwira anthu olemera kwambiri. Kutulutsidwa kwa magalimoto kunapangidwa kuyitanitsa, ndipo mbiri ya mtunduwo imayambira kumayambiriro kwa zaka zana zapitazi. Chizindikiro ndi chimodzi mwamagawo a Ford Motors nkhawa. Likulu lili ku Dearborn. Henry Leland adayambitsa kampaniyo mu 1917, koma kupambana kwa kampaniyo kunali mu 1921. Dzina lenileni la kampaniyo limalumikizidwa ndi dzina la Purezidenti wa US Abraham Lincoln. Poyamba, gawo la ntchito linali kupanga magulu amphamvu oyendetsa ndege zankhondo. Leland adapanga injini ya V-mapasa, yomwe idasinthidwa kukhala Lincoln V8, chilengedwe choyamba cha kalasi yapamwamba. Kuperewera kwa ndalama, chifukwa cha kusowa kwa magalimoto, kunapangitsa kuti kampaniyo idagulidwa ndi Henry Ford, yemwe adatenga malo amodzi ofunikira kwambiri pamsika wamagalimoto aku America. Kwa nthawi yayitali, Cadillac ndiye yekhayo wopikisana naye, chifukwa ndi ochepa okha omwe adapatsidwa "kuchuluka kwa moyo wapamwamba" panthawiyo. Pambuyo pa imfa ya Leland, nthambi ya kampaniyo inasamutsidwa kwa mwana wa Henry Ford, Edsel Ford. Anthu apamwamba m'boma la United States anagwiritsa ntchito ntchito za Lincoln powapatsa magalimoto apamwamba, ndipo izi zinapangitsa kuti pakhale ufulu wodziyimira pawokha kuchokera kwa Ford. Popanga mayunitsi amphamvu a ndege, funso la zida zamagalimoto amtsogolo linatayidwa. Ndipo mu 1932, chitsanzo cha Lincoln KB chinayamba, chomwe chili ndi mphamvu ya 12-cylinder, ndipo mu 1936 chitsanzo cha Zephyr chinapangidwa, chomwe chinkaonedwa ngati cha bajeti ndipo chinatha kuonjezera zofuna za mtunduwo mpaka nthawi zisanu ndi zinayi komanso pafupifupi zaka zisanu. ku katundu wolemera wa nkhondo. Koma, nkhondo yachiŵiri ya padziko lonse itatha, kupanga kunapitirizabe, ndipo mu 1956 Lincoln Premier anatulutsidwa. Pambuyo pa zaka za m'ma 1970, mapangidwe a zitsanzo adasinthidwa. Kuchepetsa mtengo wa magalimoto, pokhudzana ndi kulephera kwachuma, adaganiza zogwiritsa ntchito zofanana pamlingo ndi zitsanzo za kampani ya makolo Ford. Ndipo mpaka 1998, kampani anali chinkhoswe mu kupanga zosintha makina a kampani kholo. Mu 1970-1980, ntchito zina zingapo zinapangidwa, kenako kampaniyo inayimitsa chitukuko kwa zaka pafupifupi khumi ndi ziwiri. Mndandanda wa kusintha kwa kupanga Lincoln anabwerera ku mlingo wa kupanga magalimoto apamwamba. Mavuto azachuma a 2006 adakankhira kampaniyo kudziyimira pawokha komanso kudziyimira pawokha, zomwe zidapulumutsa kwambiri ku zovuta zachuma. Pakati pa 2008 ndi 2010, kampaniyo idasinthiratu zochitika zake ku msika waku US. Woyambitsa Ndi dzina la Henry Leland akugwirizana ndi mitundu iwiri yotchuka yomwe inamubweretsera kutchuka padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo woyambitsa wa ku America anabadwa mu 1843 ku Barton m'banja laulimi. Palibe zambiri zomwe zimadziwika za zaka zoyambirira za Leland, koma ndizokwanira kuti ankakonda teknoloji, anali ndi luso lapadera, lolondola komanso loleza mtima, lomwe linagwiranso ntchito yofunika kwambiri monga mlengi m'tsogolomu. Ali ndi zaka zambiri, nkhondo yapachiweniweni ku America itafika pachimake, Henry ankagwira ntchito yogulitsa zida zankhondo. Akuyenda motsatira vekitala yomwe akufuna, Henry Leland adapeza ntchito ku fakitale ya engineering ngati wopanga makina. Malo awa adamutumikira kwambiri, adalenga ndikusintha njira zamitundu yonse, kulabadira zinthu zobisika kwambiri, kuwerengera chilichonse mpaka mwatsatanetsatane, zomwe zidamubweretsera chidziwitso chamtengo wapatali. Zinthu zazing'ono ngati izi zidayamba ntchito yake. Chipambano chake choyamba chinali chodulira tsitsi chamagetsi. Zomwe zinachitikira komanso luso zinamupangitsa kuti apite patsogolo ndipo posakhalitsa Leland adaganiza zotsegula bizinesi yake. Ndi malingaliro ambiri, koma kuchepa kwachuma, Henry amatsegula bizinesi ndi mnzake Faulkner. Kampaniyo idatchedwa Leland & Faulcner. Zodziwika za bizinesiyo zinali zosiyana kwambiri: kuchokera ku mbali za njinga kupita ku injini ya nthunzi. Ndi njira yabwino ya dongosolo lililonse, makasitomala anayamba kulankhulana ndi Henry, makamaka m'munda wa magalimoto ndi zombo, popeza panthawiyi makampani oyendetsa galimoto anali atangoyamba kumene. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 20 kunali kufalikira kwa kuthekera kwakukulu kwa Henry Leland. Pambuyo kukonzanso kwa kampani Henry Ford mu kampani ndi dzina latsopano, amene amati ndi wolemekezeka French - Antoine Cadillac, kamangidwe ka galimoto Cadillac, chitsanzo A, inachitika pamodzi ndi Henry Ford. Galimotoyo inali ndi injini yotchuka, zopangidwa ndi Leland. Kukonzekera bwino kwa Leland mwatsatanetsatane kunabweretsa kutchuka kwakukulu ndi chitsanzo chake chachiwiri, 1905 Cadillac D. Kumeneku kunali kuphulika kwamakampani opanga magalimoto panthawiyo, kuyika chitsanzocho pamtunda. Mu 1909, Cadillac ndi gawo la General Motors, ndi woyambitsa Durant, yemwe amasankha pulezidenti. Pakusemphana maganizo ndi Durant pa kupangidwa kwa injini za ndege zankhondo, Leland amalandira ayi, zomwe zinamupangitsa kuti asiye pulezidenti ndikusiya kampaniyo. Mu 1914, Leland anapanga V-injini, yomwe inalinso yopambana ku America. Amakhazikitsa kampani yatsopano pamodzi ndi antchito a Cadilac omwe adamusiya ndikumutcha dzina la Abraham Lincoln. Kampaniyo idapanga ma berserk angapo oyendetsa ndege zankhondo. Pambuyo pa nkhondo, Henry anabwerera ku makampani magalimoto ndi kupanga chitsanzo galimoto ndi injini V8 ndege. Kuposa iyemwini, kupanga kudumpha mu makampani magalimoto, ambiri sanali kumvetsa galimoto chitsanzo pa nthawiyo, panalibe kufunika makamaka ndipo kampani anapezeka mu vuto la zachuma. Henry Ford adagula kampani ya Lincoln, yomwe, kwa nthawi yochepa, Henry Leland adakali ndi ulamuliro. Pamaziko a mikangano ya mafakitale pakati pa Ford ndi Leland, Henry woyamba, pokhala mwiniwake wathunthu, anakakamiza winayo kulemba kalata yosiya ntchito. Henry Leland anamwalira mu 1932 ali ndi zaka 89. Chizindikiro Mtundu wa siliva wa chizindikirocho ndi wofanana ndi kukongola ndi chuma, ndipo nyenyezi ya zisonga zinayi Lincoln, yemwe ndi chizindikiro chake, ali ndi malingaliro ambiri. Yoyamba ikuwonetsa kuti makina ayenera kudziwika padziko lonse lapansi. Izi zimasonyezedwa ndi chizindikiro cha kampasi chokhala ndi mivi. Zina zikuwonetsa "Nyenyezi ya Lincoln", yomwe imayimira thupi lakumwamba, lomwe limagwirizanitsidwa ndi kukongola kwa chizindikirocho. Chiphunzitso chachitatu chimanena kuti palibe katundu wa semantic mu chizindikiro. Mbiri ya mtundu wamagalimoto amtunduwo Pambuyo pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yadziko Lonse, pambuyo pa Lincoln KB ndi Zephyr zitsanzo, kuyambira 1984, kupanga Lincoln Continental MarK VII kunayamba ndi thupi la aerodynamic, anti-lock braking system, kuyimitsidwa kwa mpweya ndi kompyuta yoyenda. adapanganso china. Galimotoyo inali yapamwamba. Mtundu watsopano wamtunduwu unatulutsidwa mu 1995 ndipo uli ndi injini ya 8-cylinder. Pamaziko a injini yofanana ndi Continental analengedwa gudumu kumbuyo Lincoln Town Car chitsanzo, amene anali njira mwachilungamo omasuka. Kuchuluka kwapamwamba kumaperekedwa kwa Lincoln Navigator SUV, yomwe idatulutsidwa mu 1997.