Mbiri ya mtundu wa Lincoln

Mtundu wa Lincoln ndi wofanana ndi kukongola komanso kukongola. Siziwoneka kawirikawiri m'misewu, chifukwa mtundu wapamwambawu umapangidwira anthu olemera kwambiri. Kupanga magalimoto kunapangidwa kuyitanitsa, ndipo mbiri ya mtunduwo idayambira kumayambiriro kwa zaka zana zapitazi.

Mtunduwu ndi umodzi mwamagawo a Ford Motors nkhawa. Likulu lili ku Diborn.

Henry Leland anayambitsa kampaniyo mu 1917, koma kampaniyo inakula mu 1921. Dzina lenileni la kampaniyo limalumikizidwa ndi dzina la Purezidenti wa United States Abraham Lincoln. Poyamba, gawo la ntchito linali kupanga magulu amphamvu oyendetsa ndege zankhondo. Leland adapanga V-injini, yomwe idasandulika kukhala Lincoln V8, woyamba ubongo wa kalasi yapamwamba. Kusowa kwa ndalama, chifukwa cha kusowa kwa magalimoto, kunapangitsa kuti kampaniyo idagulidwa ndi Henry Ford, yemwe adatenga malo ofunikira kwambiri pamsika wamagalimoto aku America.

Kwa nthawi yayitali, Cadillac ndiye yekhayo wopikisana naye, chifukwa ndi ochepa okha omwe adapatsidwa "kuchuluka kwa moyo wapamwamba" panthawiyo.

Pambuyo pa imfa ya Leland, nthambi ya kampaniyo inasamutsidwa kwa mwana wa Henry Ford, Edsel Ford.

Anthu apamwamba m'boma la United States anagwiritsa ntchito ntchito za Lincoln powapatsa magalimoto apamwamba, ndipo izi zinapangitsa kuti pakhale ufulu wodziyimira pawokha kuchokera kwa Ford.

Popanga mayunitsi amphamvu oyendetsa ndege, funso la zida zamagalimoto am'tsogolo linathetsedwa. Ndipo mu 1932 Lincoln KB chitsanzo kuwonekera koyamba kugulu, kukhala ndi 12 yamphamvu unit mphamvu, ndipo mu 1936 chitsanzo Zephyr anapangidwa, amene ankaona kuti bajeti kwambiri ndipo anatha kuonjezera kufunika kwa mtundu mpaka kasanu ndi zinayi ndipo pafupifupi zaka zisanu. pamaso pa katundu wolemera wa nkhondo.

Koma, nkhondo yachiŵiri ya padziko lonse itatha, kupanga kunapitirizabe, ndipo mu 1956 Lincoln Premier anatulutsidwa.

Pambuyo pa zaka za m'ma 1970, mapangidwe azithunzi adasinthidwa. Kuti achepetse mtengo wa magalimoto, chifukwa cha kusokonekera kwachuma, adaganiza zogwiritsa ntchito zofanana ndi zitsanzo za kampani ya makolo Ford. Ndipo mpaka 1998, kampani anali chinkhoswe mu kupanga zosintha makina a kampani kholo.

Mu 1970-1980, ntchito zina zingapo zinapangidwa, kenako kampaniyo inayimitsa chitukuko kwa zaka pafupifupi khumi ndi ziwiri.

Mndandanda wa kusintha kwa kupanga Lincoln anabwerera ku mlingo wa kupanga magalimoto apamwamba. Mavuto azachuma a 2006 adakankhira kampaniyo kudziyimira pawokha komanso kudziyimira pawokha, zomwe zidapulumutsa kwambiri ku zovuta zachuma.

Pakati pa 2008 ndi 2010, kampaniyo idasinthiratu zochitika zake ku msika waku US.

Woyambitsa

Henry Leland amalumikizidwa ndi mitundu iwiri yotchuka yomwe idamubweretsera kutchuka padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo woyambitsa waku America adabadwa mu 1843 ku Barton m'banja laulimi.

Palibe zambiri zomwe zimadziwika za zaka zoyambirira za Leland, koma ndizokwanira kuti ankakonda teknoloji, anali ndi luso lapadera, lolondola komanso loleza mtima, lomwe linagwiranso ntchito yofunika kwambiri monga mlengi m'tsogolomu.

Atakula, nkhondo yapachiweniweni ku America itafika pachimake, Henry ankagwira ntchito yopanga zida zankhondo. Akuyenda motsatira vekitala yomwe akufuna, Henry Leland adapeza ntchito ku fakitale yauinjiniya ngati umakaniko wamapangidwe. Malo awa adamutumikira kwambiri, iye mwini adalenga ndikusintha machitidwe amitundu yonse, kumvetsera bwino kwambiri, kuwerengera zonse mpaka zazing'ono, zomwe zinamubweretsera chidziwitso chamtengo wapatali. Ntchito yake inayamba ndi zinthu zazing'ono ngati izi. Chipambano chake choyamba chinali chodulira tsitsi chamagetsi.

Zomwe adakumana nazo komanso luso zidamupangitsa kuti akweze ntchito yake ndipo posakhalitsa Leland adaganiza zoyambitsa bizinesi yakeyake. Ndi malingaliro ochuluka, koma kusowa kwachuma, Henry amatsegula kampani ndi bwenzi lake Faulkner. Kampaniyo idatchedwa Leland & Faulcner. Zodziwika za bizinesiyo zinali zosiyana kwambiri: kuchokera ku mbali za njinga kupita ku injini ya nthunzi. Ndi njira yabwino ku dongosolo lililonse, Henry anayamba kutembenukira kwa makasitomala, makamaka m'munda wa magalimoto ndi shipbuilding, popeza pa nthawi imeneyi makampani magalimoto anali atangoyamba kumene.

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 20 kunali kufalikira kwa kuthekera kwakukulu kwa Henry Leland. Pambuyo kukonzanso kampani "Henry Ford" mu kampani ndi dzina latsopano, amene amati ndi wolemekezeka French - Antoine Cadillac, kamangidwe ka galimoto Cadillac, chitsanzo A, inachitika pamodzi ndi Henry Ford. Galimotoyo inali ndi injini yodziwika bwino, zopangidwa ndi Leland.

Kukonzekera bwino kwa Leland mwatsatanetsatane kunabweretsa kutchuka kwakukulu ndi chitsanzo chake chachiwiri, 1905 Cadillac D. Kumeneku kunali kuphulika kwamakampani opanga magalimoto panthawiyo, kuyika chitsanzocho pamtunda.

Mu 1909, Cadillac adakhala gawo la General Motors, ndi woyambitsa Durant, yemwe adasankhidwa kukhala purezidenti. Pakusemphana maganizo ndi Durant pa kupangidwa kwa injini za ndege zankhondo, Leland amalandira ayi, zomwe zinamupangitsa kuti atule pansi pa utsogoleri ndikusiya kampaniyo.

Mu 1914, Leland anapanga V-injini, yomwe inalinso yopambana ku America.

Adapeza kampani yatsopano yokhala ndi antchito a Cadilac omwe adasiya pambuyo pake ndikuyitcha dzina la Abraham Lincoln. Kampaniyo yatulutsa mphamvu zochulukirapo zoyendetsa ndege zankhondo. Pambuyo pa nkhondo, Henry anabwerera ku makampani magalimoto ndi kupanga chitsanzo galimoto ndi injini V8 ndege.

Kuposa iyemwini, kupanga kudumpha mu makampani magalimoto, ambiri sanali kumvetsa galimoto chitsanzo pa nthawiyo, panalibe kufunika makamaka ndipo kampani anapezeka mu vuto la zachuma.

Henry Ford adagula Lincoln, pomwe, kwa nthawi yochepa, Henry Leland adakali ndi ulamuliro. Chifukwa cha mikangano ya mafakitale pakati pa Ford ndi Leland, Henry woyamba, pokhala mwiniwake wathunthu, adakakamiza winayo kulemba kalata yosiya ntchito.

Henry Leland anamwalira mu 1932 ali ndi zaka 89.

Chizindikiro

Mtundu wa siliva wa chizindikirocho ndi wofanana ndi kukongola ndi chuma, ndipo nyenyezi ya Lincoln yokhala ndi zisonga zinayi, yomwe ndi chizindikiro chokha, ili ndi malingaliro ambiri.

Yoyamba ikuwonetsa kuti makinawo ayenera kudziwika padziko lonse lapansi. Izi zimasonyezedwa ndi chizindikiro cha kampasi chokhala ndi mivi.

Zina zikuwonetsa "Nyenyezi ya Lincoln", yomwe imayimira thupi lakumwamba, lomwe limagwirizanitsidwa ndi kukongola kwa chizindikirocho.

Chiphunzitso chachitatu chimanena kuti palibe katundu wa semantic mu chizindikiro.

Mbiri yamtundu wamagalimoto

Pambuyo pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yadziko Lonse, pambuyo pa zitsanzo za Lincoln KB ndi Zephyr, kupanga Lincoln Continental MarK VII kunayamba mu 1984 ndi thupi la aerodynamic, anti-lock braking system, kuyimitsidwa kwa mpweya ndi makompyuta aulendo, zomwe zimapanganso zina. Galimotoyo inali ya kalasi yapamwamba. Mtundu watsopano wamtunduwu unatulutsidwa mu 1995 ndipo uli ndi injini ya 8-cylinder.

Pamaziko a injini yofanana ndi Continental analengedwa gudumu kumbuyo Lincoln Town Car chitsanzo, amene anali njira mwachilungamo omasuka.

Lincoln Navigator SUV, yomwe idatulutsidwa mu 1997, idalipidwa ndi moyo wapamwamba. Kugulitsa kudakwera kwambiri ndipo mkati mwa zaka zingapo mtundu wokonzedwanso unayambitsidwa.