USS Long Beach. Sitima yapamadzi yoyamba ya nyukiliya
USS Long Beach. Kuwombera kwa silhouette kukuwonetsa kasinthidwe komaliza kwa sitima yapamadzi yoyendera mphamvu ya nyukiliya ya USS Long Beach. Chithunzi chojambulidwa mu 1989. Zodziwika bwino ndi zida zamfuti za 30 mm Mk 127 zosatha.
Kutha kwa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yadziko Lonse ndi chitukuko chofulumira cha ndege, komanso kuopseza kwatsopano kwa mivi yowongoka, kunakakamiza kusintha kwakukulu m'maganizo a akuluakulu ndi akatswiri a US Navy. Kugwiritsa ntchito injini za jet poyendetsa ndege, motero kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa liwiro lawo, kunatanthawuza kuti kale m'ma 50s, zombo zokhala ndi zida zankhondo zokha sizinathe kupereka mayunitsi operekezedwa ndi chitetezo chogwira ntchito ku nkhondo ya ndege. .
Vuto lina la US Navy linali kuchepa kwapanyanja kwa zombo zoperekeza zomwe zinali zikugwirabe ntchito, zomwe zinakhala zofunikira kwambiri mu theka lachiwiri la zaka za m'ma 50. Pa October 1, 1955, woyamba wochiritsira wapamwamba kwambiri wa USS Forrestal (CVA 59) adalowa ntchito. . Posakhalitsa zinaonekeratu, kukula kwake kunapangitsa kuti ikhale yosakhudzidwa ndi kuwonjezereka kwa mafunde ndi mphepo yamkuntho, zomwe zimalola kuti ikhalebe ndi liwiro lalikulu losatheka ndi zombo zotetezera. Kukula kwamalingaliro amtundu watsopano - wokulirapo kuposa kale - wa gulu loperekeza m'nyanja, lomwe limatha kuyenda maulendo ataliatali, kusunga liwiro lalikulu mosasamala kanthu za momwe zinthu zilili za hydrometeorological, okhala ndi zida zoponya zomwe zimapereka chitetezo chokwanira ku ndege zatsopano ndi zoponya zapamadzi, zidayambika. .
Pambuyo pa kutumizidwa kwa sitima yapamadzi yoyamba ya nyukiliya padziko lonse lapansi pa September 30, 1954, mtundu uwu wa magetsi unkaonedwa kuti ndi wabwino kwa mayunitsi apamwamba. Komabe, poyamba ntchito yonse yomangayo inkachitika mwachisawawa kapena mobisa. Kusintha kokha kwa Chief of the US Navy ndi kuganiza kwa ntchito zake mu August 1955 ndi Admiral W. Arleigh Burke (1901-1996) kunafulumizitsa kwambiri.
Ku atomu
Msilikaliyo adatumiza kalata ku maofesi okonza mapulani ndi pempho kuti awone mwayi wopeza magulu angapo a zombo zapamadzi zokhala ndi magetsi a nyukiliya. Kuwonjezera pa zonyamulira ndege, tinali kulankhula za oyenda panyanja ndi operekeza kukula kwa frigate kapena wowononga. Atalandira yankho lovomerezeka, mu September 1955 Burke adalimbikitsa, ndipo mkulu wake Charles Sparks Thomas, Mlembi wa US ku United States, adavomereza lingaliro lopereka ndalama zokwanira mu bajeti ya 1957 (FY57) yomanga nyukiliya yoyamba. - Sitima yapamadzi yoyendetsedwa ndi mphamvu.
Mapulani oyambilira amalingalira kuti chombo chomwe sichingapitirire matani 8000 ndi liwiro la mfundo zosachepera 30, koma posakhalitsa zidadziwika kuti zida zamagetsi, zida, makamaka chipinda cha injini sizingasunthidwe "kukankhira". hull ya kukula uku popanda kuonjezera kwambiri, ndipo kugwa komwe kumayendera kumathamanga pansi pa mfundo za 30. Ndikoyenera kudziwa apa kuti, mosiyana ndi magetsi opangidwa ndi magetsi opangira nthunzi, makina opangira gasi kapena injini za dizilo, kukula ndi kulemera kwa zomera za nyukiliya sizimatero. pitirira ndipo musagwirizane ndi mphamvu yopezeka. Kuperewera kwa mphamvu kunawonekera makamaka ndi kuwonjezeka kwapang'onopang'ono komanso kosalephereka pakusamuka kwa sitima yopangidwa. Kwa kanthawi kochepa, kuthekera kothandizira magetsi a nyukiliya ndi ma turbines a gasi (CONAG kasinthidwe) kunkaganiziridwa kuti kulipiritsa kutaya mphamvu, koma lingaliro ili linasiyidwa mwamsanga. Popeza kuti sikunali kotheka kuonjezera mphamvu zomwe zilipo, njira yokhayo yothetsera vutoli inali kupanga chombocho m'njira yochepetsera kukoka kwake kwa hydrodynamic momwe mungathere. Inali njira yomwe akatswiriwo adatsata, omwe, potengera zotsatira za mayeso a dziwe, adatsimikiza kuti njira yabwino kwambiri ingakhale yocheperako yokhala ndi kutalika kwa 10: 1.
Posakhalitsa, akatswiri a Bungwe la Zombo (BuShips) adatsimikizira kuthekera komanga frigate, yomwe imayenera kukhala ndi zida ziwiri zowombera zida za Terrier ndi mfuti ziwiri za 127 mm, kusiyana pang'ono ndi malire a tonnage omwe poyamba ankafuna. Komabe, kusamuka kwathunthu sikunatenge nthawi yayitali, popeza mu Januwale 1956 ntchitoyo idayamba pang'onopang'ono "kutupa" - choyamba mpaka 8900, kenako mpaka matani 9314 (kumayambiriro kwa Marichi 1956).
Ngati chigamulo chinapangidwa kukhazikitsa "Terrier" launcher mu uta ndi kumbuyo (chomwe chimatchedwa "Terrier" chawiri-barreled, kusamutsidwako kunawonjezeka mpaka matani 9600. Pomaliza, pambuyo pa kukangana kwakukulu, polojekiti yomwe ili ndi awiri awiri- oyambitsa Terrier (okhala ndi zida zonse za 80), oyambitsa Talos wokhala ndi mipando iwiri (ma PC 50), komanso oyambitsa RAT (Rocket Assisted Torpedo, kholo la RUR-5 ASROC). Ntchitoyi idalembedwa ndi chilembo E.
