Zotsatira za IIHS Auto Brake Technology

Mu Marichi 2016, makampani opanga magalimoto adalandira nkhani zosangalatsa zokhudzana ndi chitetezo pamagalimoto. Ngakhale chilengezo ichi kwenikweni zapezeka mu United States kuyambira 2006, ndi National Highway Magalimoto Safety Administration, amatchedwanso NHTSA, ndi Institute Inshuwalansi kwa Highway Safety alengeza kuti basi mwadzidzidzi braking (AEB) adzakhala "muyezo". pafupifupi magalimoto onse atsopano ogulitsidwa ku US pofika 2022. " Mwanjira ina, chifukwa cha mgwirizano womwe ulipo pakati pa opanga magalimoto akuluakulu 20 ndi boma la US, magalimoto onse atsopano azigulitsidwa ndi mabuleki adzidzidzi omwe akuphatikizidwa ndi chitetezo chawo kuyambira chaka chino. Popeza izi zakhala zikuwoneka ngati "zapamwamba" kwakanthawi, iyi ndi nkhani yosangalatsa komanso yosintha zachitetezo chamagalimoto.

Zofalitsa za Automaker pa intaneti ndizodzaza ndi matamando chifukwa cha chilengezochi. Opanga magalimoto kuphatikizapo Audi, BMW, General Motors ndi Toyota - kutchula ochepa chabe - ayamba kale kukonzekeretsa magalimoto awo ndi machitidwe awo a AEB, ndipo aliyense wa iwo akuyamika maziko atsopanowa a chitetezo cha galimoto. Posakhalitsa chilengezo cha NHTSA, Toyota idatulutsa mawu oti ikukonzekera kukhazikitsa machitidwe ake a AEB "pafupifupi mtundu uliwonse kumapeto kwa 2017" ndipo General Motors adafika mpaka poyambitsa "kuyesa kwachitetezo kotseguka." dera" chifukwa cha kufunikira kwa AEB. Ndi zotetezeka kunena kuti makampani ndi okondwa.

Kukhudza chitetezo

Automatic Emergency Braking, kapena AEB, ndi njira yachitetezo yomwe imayendetsedwa ndi kompyuta yake yomwe imatha kuzindikira ndikupewa kugundana ndikuphwanya galimoto popanda kulowererapo kwa dalaivala. NHTSA imaneneratu kuti kufunafuna "kuyendetsa mwachangu mwadzidzidzi kudzateteza kugunda kwapakati pa 28,000 ndi kuvulala kwa 12,000." Kutamandidwa komwe kumawoneka ngati kumagwirizana ndikomveka chifukwa cha izi ndi ziwerengero zina zachitetezo zomwe a NHTSA adatulutsa zokhudzana ndi kugunda ndi kupewa kuvulala.

Ngakhale kuti nkwachibadwa kusangalala ndi kupita patsogolo kulikonse kwa chitetezo cha galimoto, madalaivala ambiri ndi awo ogwirizana ndi dziko la magalimoto amadzifunsa kuti kusinthaku kumatanthauza chiyani kwenikweni polingalira monga mtengo wogulira galimoto yatsopano, mtengo wa ziŵiya zokonzetsera, ndi nthaŵi. amathera pakukonza, kukonza ndi kukonza. matenda. Komabe, mayankho ochulukirapo a mafunsowa, m'pamenenso zofunikira za AEB zimadzetsa chisangalalo kwa onse okhudzidwa.

Momwe dongosolo la AEB limagwirira ntchito

Dongosolo la AEB lili ndi ntchito yofunika kwambiri. Ikangotsegulidwa imodzi mwa masensa ake, iyenera kudziwa pang'onopang'ono ngati galimoto ikufunika thandizo la braking. Kenako imagwiritsa ntchito machitidwe ena m'galimoto, monga nyanga za stereo, kutumiza chenjezo la brake kwa dalaivala. Ngati kudziwika kwapangidwa koma dalaivala sakuyankha, ndiye kuti dongosolo la AEB lidzachitapo kanthu kuti liziwongolera galimotoyo mwangozi, kutembenuka, kapena zonse ziwiri.

Ngakhale machitidwe a AEB ali enieni kwa wopanga magalimoto ndipo amasiyana m'dzina ndi mawonekedwe kuchokera ku galimoto imodzi kupita ku ina, ambiri adzagwiritsa ntchito masensa ophatikizira kuti adziwitse makompyuta kuti ayambitse, monga GPS, radar, makamera, kapena ngakhale masensa enieni. . lasers. Izi zidzayesa liwiro lagalimoto, malo, mtunda ndi malo azinthu zina.

zotsatira zabwino

Kuchuluka kwa zidziwitso zabwino m'dziko lamagalimoto zokhudzana ndi kulengeza kwa NHTSA ndizochuluka, makamaka pankhani yake yayikulu: zotsatira zachitetezo. Ndizodziwika bwino kuti ngozi zambiri zamagalimoto zimachitika chifukwa cha oyendetsa. Pakukwezeka mabuleki kwanthawi zonse, nthawi yochitira mabuleki imakhala ndi gawo lalikulu pakuyimitsa kuti mupewe kugunda. Ubongo wa dalaivala umayendetsa liwiro la galimotoyo limodzi ndi zizindikiro za m’misewu, magetsi, anthu oyenda pansi, ndi magalimoto ena amene amayenda pa liwiro losiyana. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, zododometsa zamasiku ano monga zikwangwani, mawailesi, achibale athu, komanso mafoni a m'manja omwe timakonda, ndi ma CD athu adzasokonezedwa.

Nthawi zikusinthadi ndipo kufunikira kwa machitidwe a AEB pamagalimoto onse kumatilola kuti tiziyendera nthawi. Kuyambitsidwa kwaukadaulo wapamwambaku kumatha kubwezera zolakwika zoyendetsa chifukwa, mosiyana ndi dalaivala, dongosololi limakhala loyang'anira nthawi zonse, kuyang'ana njira yakutsogolo popanda kusokonezedwa. Ngati dongosololi likugwira ntchito moyenera, ndizovuta kwa aliyense amene akukhudzidwa.

Kugunda komwe kumachitika sikudzakhala koopsa kwambiri chifukwa cha kuyankha mwachangu kwa dongosolo la AEB, lomwe limateteza osati oyendetsa okha komanso okwera. IIHS imati "machitidwe a AEB amatha kuchepetsa zonena za inshuwaransi yamagalimoto ndi 35%.

Koma kodi padzakhala ndalama zina zokonzetsera? Machitidwe a AEB amakhazikitsidwa bwino kwambiri ndi masensa ndi makompyuta omwe amawalamulira. Chifukwa chake, kukonza koyenera kuyenera (ndiponso kwa ogulitsa magalimoto ambiri kumaphatikizaponso) kumaphatikizanso macheke awa pamtengo wocheperako kapena osawonjezera.

Zotsatira zoyipa

Sikuti aliyense ali ndi chidwi ndi machitidwe a AEB. Monga ukadaulo wina uliwonse watsopano womwe umati ndiwosintha, machitidwe a AEB amadzutsa mafunso ndi nkhawa. Choyamba, teknoloji sikugwira ntchito mwangwiro - zimatengera kuyesa ndi zolakwika kuti mupeze zotsatira zogwira mtima. Pakalipano, machitidwe ena a AEB akadali koyambirira kwa kupanga. Ena amalonjeza kuti aimitsa galimoto isanawombane, pamene ena amangoyambitsa ngozi ikachepetsa kuwonongeka kwa galimotoyo. Ena amatha kuzindikira oyenda pansi pomwe ena amatha kuzindikira magalimoto ena okha. Zofananazo zidachitika ndikukhazikitsa njira yowonjezera yoletsa, komanso mabuleki oletsa loko komanso kukhazikika kwamagetsi. Zidzatenga nthawi kuti dongosololi likhale lopanda nzeru.

Madandaulo ambiri okhudza machitidwe a AEB akuphatikizapo phantom braking, zidziwitso zabodza za kugundana, ndi kugunda komwe kumachitika ngakhale ntchito ya AEB. Kumbukirani izi mukamayendetsa galimoto yokhala ndi AEB.

Monga tanenera kale, dongosololi silidzakhala lofanana kwa aliyense, popeza aliyense wopanga makina ali ndi mapulogalamu ake omwe ali ndi malingaliro awo a zomwe dongosolo liyenera kuchita. Izi zitha kuwonedwa ngati zovuta chifukwa zimabweretsa kusiyana kwakukulu momwe mabuleki amagwirira ntchito. Izi zimabweretsa vuto latsopano kwa zimango kuti zigwirizane ndi machitidwe osiyanasiyana a AEB omwe amasiyana kuchokera kwa wopanga wina kupita wina. Maphunziro ndi kukweza uku kungakhale kosavuta kwa ogulitsa, koma osati kosavuta kwa masitolo odziimira okhaokha.

Komabe, ngakhale zophophonya izi zitha kuwonedwa kuchokera kumbali yabwino. Magalimoto ochuluka omwe ali ndi dongosolo la AEB, kugwiritsa ntchito makinawa kudzakhala kwakukulu, ndipo pamene ngozi zichitika, opanga adzatha kuyang'ana deta ndikupitiriza kukonza. Ichi ndi chinthu chachikulu. Pali tsogolo labwino lomwe magalimoto onse azikhala ndi makina, zomwe zichepetse ngozi komanso kuti magalimoto aziyenda bwino m'malo omwe muli anthu ambiri.

Si dongosolo langwiro panobe, koma likuyenda bwino, ndipo ndizosangalatsa kuwona komwe zimatifikitsa muukadaulo wamagalimoto. Ndi zotetezeka kuganiza kuti eni galimoto ndi amakanika angavomereze kuti phindu lomwe dongosolo la AEB limabweretsa pachitetezo limaposa zovuta zake.