Umami kukoma - ndi chiyani?

Kwa zaka zambiri tinkaganiza kuti pali zokonda zinayi: zotsekemera, zamchere, zowawasa, ndi zowawa. Ndithudi aliyense wa ife amakumbukira zojambulidwa m’malilime m’buku la zamoyo zokhala ndi zokometsera zolembedwa. Palinso kukoma kwina, ma receptor omwe amazungulira lilime ndi quilt yofewa - iyi ndi umami.

/ Kutumphuka ndi fumbi

Umami ndi chiyani? 

mawu malingaliro amachokera ku Chijapani ndipo amatanthauza tanthauzo la kukoma. Kukoma kumeneku, kapena kusangalatsa, kunapezeka mu 1908 ndi Kikunae Ikeda, savoring kombu dashi, chakumwa cholemera chozikidwa pa udzu wa kombu. Anamva m’kamwa mwake chinthu champhamvu kwambiri kuposa mchere ndipo chinafalikira mokoma m’kamwa mwake. Mu labotale, adakwanitsa kupeza zomwe zili mu algae ndikuwapatsa kukoma kwapadera - chinali glutamate. M’chaka cha 2002 m’pamene asayansi anatha kusiyanitsa kukoma kwa umami pa lilime. Monga momwe Ikeda anafotokozera zaka XNUMX m'mbuyomo, zolandilira zimakhala pa lilime lonse, zomwe zimapangitsa kukoma kukhala kosangalatsa.

Umami umakoma bwanji? 

Umami amatanthauzidwa ngati kukoma komwe kumagawidwa mofanana m'lirime lonse. Imakhalanso nthawi yayitali kuposa zokonda zina - nthawi zambiri titadya mbale, timatha kumva kukoma kwake kwakanthawi. Umami amapangitsa kuti tiziwalo timene timatulutsa m'malovu tizigwira ntchito mwaukali, zomwe zimalola kuti kukoma kulowerere m'malo onse. Ndizovuta kufotokoza kukoma. Kwa umami, mawu monga okoma, amphamvu, okoma, odabwitsa, akuya, autali amagwira ntchito.

Umami umapezeka kuti? 

Kukoma kwa umami kumapezeka mwachibadwa mu zakudya zambiri zomwe timadziwa: tomato, bowa, pickles, katsitsumzukwa, tomato, nyama, anyezi, nsomba, tiyi wobiriwira. Msuzi womwe ndi quintessential umami ndi msuzi wa soya.

Zokometsera zodziwika komanso zodziwika kwambiri ku Poland mu botolo lofiirira zimapatsanso mbale kukoma kwa umami chifukwa cha kuwonjezera kwa monosodium glutamate. Inde, mbale zambiri za msuzi wa parade zidadzazidwa ndi madzi amatsenga. Pamene zokometsera mbale, nthawi zambiri timayesetsa kukwaniritsa "umami". Pamene mbale ikuwoneka ngati yopanda pake komanso yosaoneka bwino, timafika pa ketchup, soya msuzi, bouillon cubes, kapena zosakaniza zopangidwa kale zomwe zimakhala ndi glutamate.

Kodi MGS kapena Monosodium Glutamate Ndi Yoipa pa Thanzi Lanu? 

Zoonadi, anthu ambiri amakhala ndi vuto ndi mawu akuti "glutamate". Zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi chinthu chopanga, labotale, kapena china chake chosagwirizana ndi chilengedwe. Opanga zakudya omwe kale ankayesetsa kuti athetse kukoma kwa glutamate tsopano akunena kuti sakuwonjezera pazinthu zawo. Izi zimawonekera makamaka pakuyika mbale za gourmet ndi zosakaniza zokometsera. Kodi ndizovulazadi choncho?

Monosodium glutamate idavomerezedwa ngati chowonjezera chazakudya m'ma XNUMXs. Ndi chakupha, koma mopitirira muyeso. Zowopsa kwambiri kwa ife ... mchere wamchere. Glutamate, yomwe nthawi zambiri imatchedwa monosodium glutamate, ndi gawo lazakudya zaku China. Popanda izo, mbale zachizolowezi sizikanakhala ndi kukoma komweko. Komabe, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa zochita za glutamate - imatulutsa ndikugogomezera zokonda zomwe zili kale mu mbale. Choncho, sitinganene kuti izi ndi zonunkhira zomwe zimawonjezera kukoma, monga momwe zitsamba zimachitira.

Glutamate imatsindika zomwe zilipo kale. Lili ndi mbali zake zabwino ndi zoipa, chifukwa kuwonjezera pa zolemba zomwe timakonda, zimasonyezanso zokometsera zomwe tikufuna kuzibisa. Mwachiwonekere, mphamvu ya chakudya ndi glutamate ikhoza kuledzera mofanana ndi kukoma kokoma. Izi sizichitika nthawi yomweyo ndipo mutha "kubwezeretsanso" mkamwa pang'onopang'ono.

Momwe mungapangire chakudya kukoma umami popanda kugwiritsa ntchito glutamate? 

Titha kupeza kukoma kozama komanso kozama kukhitchini popanda kuwonjezera "zonunkhira zamatsenga" ku mbale. Ndikokwanira kufikira zosakaniza zachilengedwe zomwe zimatsimikizira kukoma uku. Mutha kungowonjezera Parmesan kapena tchizi wina wakale ku pasitala, soups ndi sauces. Mafuta a truffle kapena msuzi wa soya adzachita zomwezo. Ngati tikufuna kupeza kukoma kwakukulu kwa broths, tiyeni tiphike kwa nthawi yaitali, kuwonjezera nkhumba, ng'ombe, nkhuku, nsomba kapena ... bowa ndi bowa wouma. Msuzi wabwino kwambiri wa vegan ndi mphamvu zamasamba, bowa wina wam'nyanja kapena bowa wouma, osati aku Asia. Kuchokera ku bowa wouma wouma wa porcini, ngakhale pasitala wokhala ndi batala kapena ngale amawonjezera kukoma kwa zakudya zina. Pokonzekera mbale zophikidwa ndi umami, tidzawona kuti mwachibadwa timayamba kuchepetsa mchere. Izi ndizoyenera kukumbukira pamene zokometsera zokometsera kapena supu kumayambiriro kwa kuphika - pakapita kanthawi kukoma kumakula kwambiri ndipo kukoma kwathu sikudzafunika kununkhira kwa mchere wambiri.

mu gawo lomwe ndimaphika.

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