Mitundu ya brake fluid
Glycolic zakumwa
Mafuta ambiri amadzimadzi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magalimoto amakono amachokera ku glycols ndi polyglycols ndi kuwonjezera pazigawo zochepa zosintha. Ma Glycols ndi zakumwa zoledzeretsa zomwe zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe ofunikira kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito pama hydraulic brake system.
Zinachitika kuti pakati pa magulu angapo opangidwa m'mabungwe osiyanasiyana, zosiyana za American Department of Transportation (DOT) zinamera. Zofunikira zonse zama brake fluids za DOT zafotokozedwa mu FMVSS No. 116.
Pakalipano, mitundu itatu ikuluikulu yamadzimadzi a brake imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagalimoto oyendetsedwa mu Russian Federation.
- Dontho-3. Zili ndi 98% glycol base, 2% yotsalayo imakhala ndi zowonjezera. Mabuleki amadzimadziwa sagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri masiku ano ndipo asinthidwa pafupifupi m'badwo wotsatira wa mzere wa DOT. Pamalo owuma (popanda madzi mu voliyumu) amawira osati kale kuposa asanafike kutentha kwa +205 ° C. Pa -40 ° C, kukhuthala sikudutsa 1500 cSt (yokwanira kuti igwire bwino ntchito ya brake system). Munyengo yachinyezi, yokhala ndi madzi okwanira 3,5%, imatha kuwira kale pa kutentha kwa +150 ° C. Kwa machitidwe amakono a mabuleki, ichi ndi gawo lotsika kwambiri. Ndipo ndi osafunika kugwiritsa ntchito madzi awa pagalimoto yogwira, ngakhale automaker amalola. Ili ndi chiwawa chodziwika bwino chamankhwala chokhudzana ndi utoto ndi ma vanishi, komanso mapulasitiki ndi zinthu za mphira zomwe sizingagwire ntchito ndi maziko a glycol.
- Dontho-4. Pankhani ya mankhwala, chiŵerengero cha maziko ndi zowonjezera ndi pafupifupi zofanana ndi zam'badwo wam'mbuyo wamadzimadzi. Madzi a DOT-4 amakhala ndi malo otentha kwambiri owira (osachepera +230 ° C) komanso amadzimadzi (osachepera +155 ° C). Komanso, chiwawa chamankhwala chimachepetsedwa pang'ono chifukwa cha zowonjezera. Chifukwa cha izi, makalasi oyambirira amadzimadzi osavomerezeka kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito m'magalimoto omwe ma braking system adapangidwira DOT-4. Mosiyana ndi zomwe anthu ambiri amakhulupirira, kudzaza madzi olakwika sikungayambitse kulephera kwadzidzidzi kwa dongosolo (izi zidzangochitika pokhapokha ngati zowonongeka kapena zowonongeka kwambiri), koma zingathe kuchepetsa kwambiri moyo wa zinthu zogwira ntchito za dongosolo la braking. monga ma silinda ambuye ndi akapolo. Chifukwa chazowonjezera zowonjezera phukusi, kukhuthala kovomerezeka pa -40 ° C kwa DOT-4 kwakwera mpaka 1800 cSt.
- Dontho-5.1. High-tech ananyema madzimadzi, kusiyana kwakukulu komwe ndi otsika mamasukidwe akayendedwe. Pa -40 ° C, kukhuthala kwa kinematic ndi 900 cSt. DOT-5.1 kalasi yamadzimadzi imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pamakina onyamula mabuleki, pomwe kuyankha mwachangu komanso molondola kumafunika. Siziwiritsa zisanafike +260 ° C zikauma, ndipo zimakhala zokhazikika mpaka +180 ° C zikanyowa. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti mudzaze magalimoto wamba opangidwa kuti azitsatira miyezo ina yamadzimadzi am'madzi.
Zamadzimadzi zonse zokhala ndi glycol ndi hygroscopic, ndiko kuti, zimaunjikira chinyezi kuchokera mumlengalenga wamlengalenga. Chifukwa chake, madziwa, kutengera momwe amagwirira ntchito komanso momwe amagwirira ntchito, amafunika kusinthidwa pafupifupi kamodzi pazaka 1-2.
Magawo enieni amadzimadzi amakono a brake nthawi zambiri amakhala apamwamba kuposa momwe amafunira. Izi ndizowona makamaka pazinthu zodziwika bwino za kalasi ya DOT-4 kuchokera kugawo la premium.
DOT-5 Silicone Brake Fluid
Silicone base ili ndi maubwino angapo kuposa chikhalidwe cha glycol.
Choyamba, imalimbana kwambiri ndi kutentha koipa ndipo imakhala ndi viscosity yochepa pa -40 ° C, 900 cSt yokha (yofanana ndi DOT-5.1).
Kachiwiri, ma silicones sakonda kudzikundikira madzi. Pang'ono ndi pang'ono, madzi a silicone brake fluids samasungunuka komanso nthawi zambiri amathamanga. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mwayi wowiritsa mwadzidzidzi udzakhala wotsika. Pachifukwa chomwechi, moyo wautumiki wamadzimadzi abwino a silikoni umafika zaka 5.
Kachitatu, mawonekedwe a kutentha kwambiri amadzimadzi a DOT-5 ali pamlingo waukadaulo wa DOT-5.1. Malo otentha pamalo owuma - osatsika kuposa +260 ° C, okhala ndi 3,5% madzi mu voliyumu - osatsika kuposa +180 ° C.
Choyipa chachikulu ndi kutsika kwa viscosity, komwe nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa kutayikira kwambiri ngakhale kuvala pang'ono kapena kuwonongeka kwa zisindikizo za rabara.
Ena opanga ma automaker asankha kupanga ma brake system amadzimadzi a silicone. Ndipo m'magalimoto awa, kugwiritsa ntchito ma bunkers ena ndikoletsedwa. Komabe, silicone brake fluids itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanda zoletsa zazikulu m'magalimoto opangidwa ndi DOT-4 kapena DOT-5.1. Pachifukwa ichi, ndikofunika kutulutsa makinawo ndikusintha zisindikizo (ngati n'kotheka) kapena zida zakale, zowonongeka pamsonkhanowo. Izi zidzachepetsa mwayi wa kutayikira kopanda mwadzidzidzi chifukwa cha kukhuthala kochepa kwa silicone brake fluid.
