Tanki yapakati yaku Hungary 40M Turán I Chiphatso cha thanki yopepuka chinapezedwa kuchokera ku yunifolomu ya Sweden Landsverk. Kampani yomweyi idafunsidwa kuti ipange thanki yapakati. Kampaniyo sinagonjetse ntchitoyi ndipo mu August 1940 anthu a ku Hungary anasiya kulankhula naye. Iwo anayesa kupeza laisensi ku Germany, kumene nthumwi zankhondo za ku Hungary zinapita kumeneko mu April 1939. Mu Disembala, Ajeremani adafunsidwa kuti angogulitsa akasinja apakati a 180 T-IV a Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse kwa ma miliyoni 27, komabe, adakanidwa ngakhale kupereka thanki imodzi ngati chitsanzo. Panthawiyo, matanki ochepa a Pz.Kpfw IV adapangidwa, ndipo nkhondo inali ikuchitika kale ndipo "blitzkrieg" inali patsogolo ku France. Kukambitsirana ndi Italy pa malonda a M13/40 sing'anga sing'anga anakokedwa ndipo, ngakhale chitsanzo anali okonzeka kutumiza mu August 1940, boma la Hungary anali atapeza kale chilolezo ku Czech kampani Skoda. Komanso, Ajeremani okha anatumiza akatswiri a ku Hungary ku mafakitale a Czechoslovakia yomwe inagwidwa kale. Mu February 1940, a High Command of the Wehrmacht Ground Forces (OKH) anavomera kugulitsa munthu wodziwa zambiri. Czech tank T-21 ndi ziphaso zopangira. Tanki yapakatikati T-21 "Turan I". Mbiri ya chilengedwe. Kalelo mu 1938, makampani awiri omanga akasinja aku Czechoslovakia - ČKD ku Prague ndi Skoda ku Pilsen adabwera ndi ntchito zopangira tanki yapakatikati. Adatchedwa V-8-H ndi S-III, motsatana. Asilikali ankakonda ntchito CKD, kupereka thanki tsogolo la asilikali dzina LT-39. Okonza chomera cha Škoda adaganiza zopambana mpikisanowo ndipo adayamba kugwira ntchito pa tanki yatsopano ya S-IIc, yomwe pambuyo pake idatchedwa T-21. Kumeneku kunali chitukuko cha thanki yotchuka ya 1935 S-IIa (kapena LT-35). Asilikali a ku Hungary anakumana ndi makina awa mu March 1939, pamene adagonjetsa Czechoslovakia pamodzi ndi Ajeremani. Pogwirizana ndi utsogoleri wa Germany, anthu a ku Hungary anapatsidwa gawo lakum'mawa kwa dzikolo - Transcarpathia. Kumeneko, akasinja awiri owonongeka a LT-35 adagwidwa. Anthu a ku Hungary ankawakonda kwambiri. Ndipo Skoda, yemwe tsopano akugwira ntchito kwa Ajeremani, adapeza chitsanzo chapafupi cha sing'anga T-35 chofanana ndi LT-21 (osachepera pa galimotoyo). M'malo mwa T-21, akatswiri a Institute of Military Equipment (IVT) adalankhula. Oyang'anira Skoda analonjeza kuti adzapereka chitsanzo kwa anthu a ku Hungary kumayambiriro kwa 1940. Mtengo wa LT-35 Unduna wa Zachitetezo ku Hungary unali kuganiza zogula akasinja 180 kuchokera ku kampaniyo. Koma Skoda ndiye anali wotanganidwa kukwaniritsa malamulo ku Wehrmacht, ndi Ajeremani analibe chidwi ndi thanki T-21. Mu April 1940, gulu la asilikali linapita ku Pilsen kukalandira kope lachitsanzo chabwino, limene pa June 3, 1940 linatengedwa pa sitima yapamtunda kuchokera ku Pilsen. Pa June 10, thankiyo inafika ku Budapest ndi IWT. Akatswiri ake ankakonda kupatsa thanki ndi mfuti ya ku Hungary 40 mm m'malo mwa mfuti ya 47 mm Czech A11 yomwe imayenera kukhala. Cannon ya ku Hungary idasinthidwa kuti ikhazikitsidwe mkati thanki yoyesera V.4... Mayeso a T-21 adamalizidwa pa Julayi 10 pamaso pa Secretary General wa Defense Barty. Ndikofunikira kuwonjezera makulidwe a zida za 35 mm, kukhazikitsa mfuti zamakina aku Hungary, kukonzekeretsa thanki ndi kapu ya wamkulu ndikusintha pang'ono pang'ono. Malinga ndi malingaliro aku Germany, anthu atatu ogwira nawo ntchito adayenera kukhala mu tank turret: wamkulu wa thanki (wopanda kukonzanso mfuti chifukwa cha ntchito zake zachindunji: kusankha chandamale ndikuwonetsa, kulumikizana ndi wailesi, kulamula), wowombera mfuti, wonyamula katundu. Nsanja ya thanki ya Czech idapangidwira anthu awiri. Thankiyo inali yoti alandire injini ya Z-TURAN ya carbureted eyiti ya silinda kuchokera ku fakitale ya Manfred Weiss. Pa July 11, thankiyo inasonyezedwa kwa otsogolera ndi oimira mafakitale omwe amamanga. Tanki ya ku Hungary "Turan I" Dinani chithunzi kuti muwone zazikulu Mgwirizano womaliza wa chilolezo udasainidwa pa Ogasiti 7. Novembala 28 thanki yapakati 40.M. "Turan" anatengedwa. Koma ngakhale kale, pa September 19, Unduna wa Chitetezo anapereka lamulo kwa akasinja 230 mafakitale anayi ndi kugawa ndi mafakitale: Manfred Weiss ndi MV 70 aliyense, MAVAG - 40, Ganz - 50. Makhalidwe apangidwe Matanki aku Hungary Toldi-1   "Toldi" ndi Chaka chopanga 1940 Kulimbana ndi kulemera, t 8,5 Crew, anthu 3 Kutalika kwa thupi, mm 4750 Kutalika ndi mfuti patsogolo, mm   Kutalika, mm 2140 Kutalika, mm 1870 Kusungitsa, mm   Thupi pamphumi 13 Hull bolodi 13 Tower pamphumi (wheelhouse) 13 + 20 Denga ndi pansi pa chombo 6 Armarm   Mfuti mtundu 36.m Caliber mu mm / mbiya kutalika mu calibers 20/82 Zipolopolo, zipolopolo   Nambala ndi mtundu (mu mm) wa mfuti zamakina 1-8,0 Anti-ndege mfuti - Zida zamfuti zamakina, makatiriji   Injini, mtundu, mtundu carb. "Busing Nag" L8V/36TR Mphamvu yamainjini, hp 155 Kuthamanga kwakukulu km / h 50 Kuchuluka kwamafuta, l 253 Kuyenda mumsewu waukulu, km 220 Kuthamanga kwapakati, kg / cm2 0,62 Toldi-2   "Toldi" II Chaka chopanga 1941 Kulimbana ndi kulemera, t 9,3 Crew, anthu 3 Kutalika kwa thupi, mm 4750 Kutalika ndi mfuti patsogolo, mm   Kutalika, mm 2140 Kutalika, mm 1870 Kusungitsa, mm   Thupi pamphumi 23-33 Hull bolodi 13 Tower pamphumi (wheelhouse) 13 + 20 Denga ndi pansi pa chombo 6-10 Armarm   Mfuti mtundu 42.m Caliber mu mm / mbiya kutalika mu calibers 40/45 Zipolopolo, zipolopolo 54 Nambala ndi mtundu (mu mm) wa mfuti zamakina 1-8,0 Anti-ndege mfuti - Zida zamfuti zamakina, makatiriji   Injini, mtundu, mtundu carb. "Busing Nag" L8V/36TR Mphamvu yamainjini, hp 155 Kuthamanga kwakukulu km / h 47 Kuchuluka kwamafuta, l 253 Kuyenda mumsewu waukulu, km 220 Kuthamanga kwapakati, kg / cm2 0,68 Turan-1   "Turan" ine Chaka chopanga 1942 Kulimbana ndi kulemera, t 18,2 Crew, anthu 5 Kutalika kwa thupi, mm 5500 Kutalika ndi mfuti patsogolo, mm   Kutalika, mm 2440 Kutalika, mm 2390 Kusungitsa, mm   Thupi pamphumi 50 (60) Hull bolodi 25 Tower pamphumi (wheelhouse) 50 (60) Denga ndi pansi pa chombo 8-25 Armarm   Mfuti mtundu 41.m Caliber mu mm / mbiya kutalika mu calibers 40/51 Zipolopolo, zipolopolo 101 Nambala ndi mtundu (mu mm) wa mfuti zamakina 2-8,0 Anti-ndege mfuti - Zida zamfuti zamakina, makatiriji   Injini, mtundu, mtundu Z-TURAN carb. Z-TURAN Mphamvu yamainjini, hp 260 Kuthamanga kwakukulu km / h 47 Kuchuluka kwamafuta, l 265 Kuyenda mumsewu waukulu, km 165 Kuthamanga kwapakati, kg / cm2 0,61 Turan-2   "Turan" II Chaka chopanga 1943 Kulimbana ndi kulemera, t 19,2 Crew, anthu 5 Kutalika kwa thupi, mm 5500 Kutalika ndi mfuti patsogolo, mm   Kutalika, mm 2440 Kutalika, mm 2430 Kusungitsa, mm   Thupi pamphumi 50 Hull bolodi 25 Tower pamphumi (wheelhouse)   Denga ndi pansi pa chombo 8-25 Armarm   Mfuti mtundu 41.m Caliber mu mm / mbiya kutalika mu calibers 75/25 Zipolopolo, zipolopolo 56 Nambala ndi mtundu (mu mm) wa mfuti zamakina 2-8,0 Anti-ndege mfuti - Zida zamfuti zamakina, makatiriji 1800 Injini, mtundu, mtundu Z-TURAN carb. Z-TURAN Mphamvu yamainjini, hp 260 Kuthamanga kwakukulu km / h 43 Kuchuluka kwamafuta, l 265 Kuyenda mumsewu waukulu, km 150 Kuthamanga kwapakati, kg / cm2 0,69 T-21   T-21 Chaka chopanga 1940 Kulimbana ndi kulemera, t 16,7 Crew, anthu 4 Kutalika kwa thupi, mm 5500 Kutalika ndi mfuti patsogolo, mm 5500 Kutalika, mm 2350 Kutalika, mm 2390 Kusungitsa, mm   Thupi pamphumi 30 Hull bolodi 25 Tower pamphumi (wheelhouse)   Denga ndi pansi pa chombo   Armarm   Mfuti mtundu A-9 Caliber mu mm / mbiya kutalika mu calibers 47 Zipolopolo, zipolopolo   Nambala ndi mtundu (mu mm) wa mfuti zamakina 2-7,92 Anti-ndege mfuti - Zida zamfuti zamakina, makatiriji   Injini, mtundu, mtundu Carb. Skoda V-8 Mphamvu yamainjini, hp 240 Kuthamanga kwakukulu km / h 50 Kuchuluka kwamafuta, l   Kuyenda mumsewu waukulu, km   Kuthamanga kwapakati, kg / cm2 0,58 Kamangidwe ka thanki "Turan I" Dinani pachithunzichi kuti mukulitse 1 - kukhazikitsa mfuti ya makina ndi maso owoneka; 2 - zipangizo zowonera; 3 - thanki yamafuta; 4 - injini; 5 - gearbox; 6 - makina osambira; 7 - lever ya makina (zosunga zobwezeretsera) za makina osambira; 8 - giya kusintha lever; 9 - pneumatic yamphamvu ya dongosolo thanki kulamulira; 10 - lever ya kuyendetsa kwa makina osambira ndi pneumatic booster; 11 - kukumbatira mfuti; 12 - hatch yoyendera dalaivala; 13 - accelerator pedal; 14 - ananyema pedal; 15 - pedal ya chachikulu clutch; 16 - makina ozungulira a turret; 17 - kukumbatira mfuti. Turan adasungabe mawonekedwe a T-21. Zida, zida ndi kulongedza kwake, injini yozizira (komanso injini yokha) inasinthidwa, zida zinalimbikitsidwa, zida za kuwala ndi mauthenga zinayikidwa. Kapolo wa mkuluyo wasinthidwa. Mfuti ya Turana 41.M idapangidwa ndi MAVAG pamaziko a 37.M 37.M tank tank yopangidwira thanki ya V.4, mfuti ya anti-tank yaku Hungary (yomwe idasinthanso ku Germany 37-mm. PAK 35/36 anti-tank gun) ndi ziphaso za Skoda za mfuti ya tank 40 mm A17. Kwa cannoni ya Turan, zida zamfuti za 40 mm Bofors zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Mfuti zamakina 34./40.A.M. "Gebauer" kampani "Danuvia" yokhala ndi mphamvu ya tepi yoziziritsidwa ndi mpweya yomwe imayikidwa munsanja ndi mbale yakutsogolo. Migolo yawo inali yotetezedwa ndi mitsuko yakuda yakuda. Zida zankhondo zidalumikizidwa ndi ma rivets kapena mabawuti. Dinani pa chithunzi cha thanki "Turan" kuti mukulitse Tanki "Turan" pa kuwoloka. 2 Panzer Division. Poland, 1944 "Turan I" ku 2 Panzer Division. Eastern Front, Epulo 1944 Injini ya Turan yamasilinda eyiti idapangidwa ndi kampani ya Manfred Weiss. Inapatsa thankiyo liwiro labwino komanso kuyenda bwino. Chassis adasunga mawonekedwe a "kholo" lakutali la tanki yowala ya S-IIa. Ma track roller amalumikizidwa m'mangolo anayi (awiri awiri pamabalancers awo) okhala ndi masamba opingasa wamba ngati chinthu chotanuka. Mawilo oyendetsa - malo akumbuyo. Kutumiza kwamanja kunali ndi liwiro la 6 (3 × 2) kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo. Bokosi la gear ndi makina ozungulira mapulaneti amodzi amayendetsedwa ndi ma servo a pneumatic. Zimenezi zinathandiza kuti dalaivala aziyesetsa kuchita khama komanso kuchepetsa kutopa kwake. Panalinso makina obwereza (pamanja) pagalimoto. Mabuleki onse anali poyendetsa ndi pa mawilo owongolera ndipo anali ndi ma servo drive, opangidwa ndi makina oyendetsa. Tankiyo inali ndi zida zisanu ndi chimodzi za prismatic (periscopic) padenga la nsanja ndi kapu ya wolamulira komanso padenga la kutsogolo kwa chombo (kwa woyendetsa ndi wowombera makina). Kuphatikiza apo, dalaivala analinso ndi kagawo kakang'ono kowonera ndi katatu kukhoma lakutsogolo lakutsogolo, ndipo wowombera mfutiyo anali ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino otetezedwa ndi zida zankhondo. Wowombera mfutiyo anali ndi kachidutswa kakang'ono. Matanki onse anali ndi mawailesi amtundu wa R/5a. Kuyambira 1944, "Turans" adalandira zowonetsera 8-mm motsutsana ndi projectiles yowonjezera, yomwe inapachikidwa kuchokera kumbali ya hull ndi turret. Zosintha za Commander 40.M. "Turan" ndi R.K. pamtengo wochepetsera zida zina adalandira transceiver yowonjezera R / 4T. Mlongoti wake anaikidwa kumbuyo kwa nsanja. Akasinja oyamba a Turan I adachoka ku fakitale ya Manfred Weiss mu Epulo 1942. Mpaka Meyi 1944, akasinja okwana 285 a Turan I adapangidwa, omwe ndi: mu 1942 - 158; mu 1943 - 111; mu 1944 - 16 akasinja. Kupanga kwakukulu kwa mwezi kunalembedwa mu July ndi September 1942 - matanki 24. Ndi mafakitale, kugawa magalimoto omangidwa kumawoneka ngati izi: "Manfred Weiss" - 70, "Magyar wagon" - 82, "Ganz" - 74, MAVAG - 59 mayunitsi. Zotsatira: M. B. Baryatinsky. Tanki ya Honvedsheg. (Zosonkhanitsa Zida No. 3 (60) - 2005); I.P. Shmelev. Magalimoto ankhondo a ku Hungary (1940-1945); G.L. Kholyavsky "The Complete Encyclopedia of World Tanks 1915 - 2000"; George Forty. Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yadziko Lonse; Attila Bonhardt-Gyula-Sárhidai László Winkler: Zida za Royal Hungarian Army.