Tanki yowala yaku Hungary 38.M "Toldi" I Malinga ndi zimene Pangano la Mtendere la Trianon la 1919 linapereka, dziko la Hungary, mofanana ndi Germany, linaletsedwa kukhala ndi magalimoto ankhondo. Koma m'chaka cha 1920, akasinja 12 a LKII - Leichte Kampfwagen LK-II - adatengedwa mwachinsinsi kuchokera ku Germany kupita ku Hungary. Makomiti olamulira sanawapeze.. Ndipo mu 1928, anthu a ku Hungary anagula matanki awiri a Chingerezi "Carden-Loyd" Mk VI, patatha zaka 3 - akasinja asanu aku Italy "Fiat-3000B" (matchulidwe achi Hungary 35.M), ndipo patapita zaka zitatu - 3 matanki a Italy CV121. / 3 (35. M), m'malo mwa mfuti zamakina zaku Italy ndi 37-mm za Chihangare. Kuchokera mu 8 mpaka 1938, mlengi N. Straussler anagwira ntchito pa thanki ya V1940 amphibious yokhala ndi mawilo olemera matani 4, koma chiyembekezo chomwe chinayikidwa pa thanki sichinakwaniritsidwe. Mu 1934, pa chomera cha Swedish kampani Landsverk AV, mu Landskron, L60 kuwala thanki (dzina lina Strv m / ZZ) analengedwa ndi kupanga kupanga. Kukula kwa makinawa kunachitika ndi mlengi wa ku Germany Otto Merker, yemwe panthawiyo ankagwira ntchito ku Sweden - chifukwa, monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, Germany inaletsedwa ndi mfundo za Pangano la Versailles la 1919 kukhala ndi ngakhale kupanga zitsanzo za magalimoto onyamula zida. Izi zisanachitike, motsogozedwa ndi Merker yemweyo, opanga Landsverk AV adapanga zitsanzo zingapo za akasinja opepuka, omwe, komabe, sanapangidwe. Wopambana kwambiri wa iwo anali thanki L100 (1934), amene ankagwiritsa ntchito zigawo zikuluzikulu magalimoto: injini, gearbox, etc. Galimotoyo inali ndi zambiri zatsopano: munthu torsion bar kuyimitsidwa kwa njanji odzigudubuza; mawonekedwe a uta ndi mbali za zida zankhondo ndi zowoneka za periscope; mphamvu yeniyeni kwambiri - 29 hp / t - idapangitsa kuti ikhale yothamanga kwambiri - 60 km / h. Tanki yowala yaku Sweden L-60 Inali thanki yodziwika bwino, yabwino kwambiri yodziwitsira anthu. Komabe, aku Sweden adaganiza, pogwiritsa ntchito njira zotsimikiziridwa, kupanga thanki yolemetsa "yapadziko lonse", chifukwa chake L100 sinalowe mndandanda. Linapangidwa m'makope amodzi muzosintha zitatu zosiyana pang'ono mu 1934-35. Makina angapo osinthidwa aposachedwa adaperekedwa ku Norway. Anali ndi matani a 4,5, gulu la anthu a 2, anali ndi zida za 20 mm kapena mfuti ziwiri, ndipo anali ndi zida za 9 mm kumbali zonse. L100 anali chitsanzo cha L60 otchulidwa, kupanga amene mu zosintha zisanu (kuphatikizapo Strv m / 38, m / 39, m / 40), anapitiriza mpaka 1942. Kamangidwe ka thanki "Toldi" Ine: Dinani pachithunzichi kuti mukulitse 1 - 20-mamilimita kudzitsitsa mfuti 36M; 2 - 8 mm mfuti yamakina 34/37M; 3 - periscope kuona; 4 - bulaketi yoyika mfuti yamakina odana ndi ndege; 5 - khungu; 6 - radiator; 7 - injini; 8 - wokonda; 9 - kutopa chitoliro; 10 - mpando wa muvi; 11 - mtengo wa cardan; 12 - mpando woyendetsa; 13 - gearbox; 14 - chiwongolero; 15 - kuwala kowala Poyamba, unyinji wa L60 anali matani 7,6, ndi zida anali mizinga basi 20 mm ndi mfuti mu turret. Kusintha kopambana kwambiri (komanso kwakukulu kwambiri) kunali m/40 (L60D). Akasinja awa anali ndi kulemera kwa matani 11, gulu la anthu 3, zida - mizinga 37-mm ndi mfuti ziwiri. 145 hp injini amaloledwa kufika liwiro 45 Km / h (mphamvu yosungirako 200 Km). L60 inali yodabwitsa kwambiri. Zodzigudubuza zake zinali ndi kuyimitsidwa kwapadera (kwa nthawi yoyamba mu nyumba ya serial tank). Zida zankhondo zakutsogolo ndi turret mpaka 24 mm wandiweyani pakusintha kwaposachedwa zidayikidwa ndi malo otsetsereka. Chipinda chomenyeramo chinali ndi mpweya wabwino. Pazonse, ochepa aiwo adapangidwa ndipo pafupifupi ankhondo awo (magawo 216). Magalimoto awiri monga zitsanzo adagulitsidwa ku Ireland (Eire - ndilo dzina la Ireland mu 1937-1949), imodzi - ku Austria. Akasinja a L60 anali akugwira ntchito ndi gulu lankhondo la Sweden mpaka pakati pa 50s; mu 1943 adasintha zida zankhondo. Tanki "Toldi" I Dinani pachithunzichi kuti mukulitse Mu March 1938, Landsverk AV kampani analamulidwa buku limodzi la thanki L60B (aka m / 38 kapena thanki wa mndandanda wachitatu). Posakhalitsa idafika ku Hungary ndipo idakumana ndi mayesero ofanana (June 23-28) pamodzi ndi tanki yamagetsi yaku Germany WWII TI. Tanki yaku Sweden idawonetsa kumenya bwino komanso luso laukadaulo. Anatengedwa ngati chitsanzo cha thanki yopangidwa ku Hungary, yotchedwa 38.M "Toldi" polemekeza wankhondo wotchuka Toldi Miklos, munthu wamtali komanso wamphamvu kwambiri. Bungwe lomwe lidachita mayesowa lidalimbikitsa kusintha zingapo pamapangidwe a thanki. Institute of Military Technology (IWT) inatumiza katswiri wake S. Bartholomeides ku Ladskrona kuti adziwe kuthekera kopanga kusintha kumeneku. A Sweden adatsimikizira kuthekera kosintha, kupatula kusintha kwa zida zowongolera tanki ndi brake (choyimitsa) cha turret. Pambuyo pake, zokambirana zinayamba ku Hungary zokhudzana ndi zida za Toldi. Mtundu waku Sweden unali ndi mfuti ya 20mm Madsen automatic. Okonza ku Hungary akufuna kukhazikitsa mfuti za 25-mm "Bofors" kapena "Gebauer" (zotsirizirazi - chitukuko cha Hungary) kapena mfuti za 37-mm ndi 40 mm. Awiri omalizirawo anafunikira kusintha kwakukulu mu nsanja. Iwo anakana kugula chilolezo chopanga mfuti za Madsen chifukwa cha kukwera mtengo kwake. Kupanga mfuti za 20 mm kungatengedwe ndi chomera cha Danuvia (Budapest), koma ndi nthawi yayitali kwambiri yobereka. Ndipo potsiriza izo zinalandiridwa chigamulo chokhazikitsa tanki ndi mfuti ya 20 mm yodziyimitsa yokha Kampani yaku Switzerland "Solothurn", yopangidwa ku Hungary pansi pa layisensi pansi pa dzina la mtundu 36.M. Kudyetsa mfuti kuchokera m'magazini asanu ozungulira. Kutentha kwamoto kunali 15-20 mozungulira mphindi imodzi. Chidacho chinawonjezeredwa ndi mfuti ya 8-mm ya mtundu wa 34./37.M wokhala ndi chakudya cha lamba. Icho chinali ndi chilolezo Czech machinegun. Makhalidwe aukadaulo ndiukadaulo aakasinja aku Hungary a Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse Toldi-1   "Toldi" ndi Chaka chopanga 1940 Kulimbana ndi kulemera, t 8,5 Crew, anthu 3 Kutalika kwa thupi, mm 4750 Kutalika ndi mfuti patsogolo, mm   Kutalika, mm 2140 Kutalika, mm 1870 Kusungitsa, mm   Thupi pamphumi 13 Hull bolodi 13 Tower pamphumi (wheelhouse) 13 + 20 Denga ndi pansi pa chombo 6 Armarm   Mfuti mtundu 36.m Caliber mu mm / mbiya kutalika mu calibers 20/82 Zipolopolo, zipolopolo   Nambala ndi mtundu (mu mm) wa mfuti zamakina 1-8,0 Anti-ndege mfuti - Zida zamfuti zamakina, makatiriji   Injini, mtundu, mtundu carb. "Busing Nag" L8V/36TR Mphamvu yamainjini, hp 155 Kuthamanga kwakukulu km / h 50 Kuchuluka kwamafuta, l 253 Kuyenda mumsewu waukulu, km 220 Kuthamanga kwapakati, kg / cm2 0,62 Toldi-2   "Toldi" II Chaka chopanga 1941 Kulimbana ndi kulemera, t 9,3 Crew, anthu 3 Kutalika kwa thupi, mm 4750 Kutalika ndi mfuti patsogolo, mm   Kutalika, mm 2140 Kutalika, mm 1870 Kusungitsa, mm   Thupi pamphumi 23-33 Hull bolodi 13 Tower pamphumi (wheelhouse) 13 + 20 Denga ndi pansi pa chombo 6-10 Armarm   Mfuti mtundu 42.m Caliber mu mm / mbiya kutalika mu calibers 40/45 Zipolopolo, zipolopolo 54 Nambala ndi mtundu (mu mm) wa mfuti zamakina 1-8,0 Anti-ndege mfuti - Zida zamfuti zamakina, makatiriji   Injini, mtundu, mtundu carb. "Busing Nag" L8V/36TR Mphamvu yamainjini, hp 155 Kuthamanga kwakukulu km / h 47 Kuchuluka kwamafuta, l 253 Kuyenda mumsewu waukulu, km 220 Kuthamanga kwapakati, kg / cm2 0,68 Turan-1   "Turan" ine Chaka chopanga 1942 Kulimbana ndi kulemera, t 18,2 Crew, anthu 5 Kutalika kwa thupi, mm 5500 Kutalika ndi mfuti patsogolo, mm   Kutalika, mm 2440 Kutalika, mm 2390 Kusungitsa, mm   Thupi pamphumi 50 (60) Hull bolodi 25 Tower pamphumi (wheelhouse) 50 (60) Denga ndi pansi pa chombo 8-25 Armarm   Mfuti mtundu 41.m Caliber mu mm / mbiya kutalika mu calibers 40/51 Zipolopolo, zipolopolo 101 Nambala ndi mtundu (mu mm) wa mfuti zamakina 2-8,0 Anti-ndege mfuti - Zida zamfuti zamakina, makatiriji   Injini, mtundu, mtundu Z-TURAN carb. Z-TURAN Mphamvu yamainjini, hp 260 Kuthamanga kwakukulu km / h 47 Kuchuluka kwamafuta, l 265 Kuyenda mumsewu waukulu, km 165 Kuthamanga kwapakati, kg / cm2 0,61 Turan-2   "Turan" II Chaka chopanga 1943 Kulimbana ndi kulemera, t 19,2 Crew, anthu 5 Kutalika kwa thupi, mm 5500 Kutalika ndi mfuti patsogolo, mm   Kutalika, mm 2440 Kutalika, mm 2430 Kusungitsa, mm   Thupi pamphumi 50 Hull bolodi 25 Tower pamphumi (wheelhouse)   Denga ndi pansi pa chombo 8-25 Armarm   Mfuti mtundu 41.m Caliber mu mm / mbiya kutalika mu calibers 75/25 Zipolopolo, zipolopolo 56 Nambala ndi mtundu (mu mm) wa mfuti zamakina 2-8,0 Anti-ndege mfuti - Zida zamfuti zamakina, makatiriji 1800 Injini, mtundu, mtundu Z-TURAN carb. Z-TURAN Mphamvu yamainjini, hp 260 Kuthamanga kwakukulu km / h 43 Kuchuluka kwamafuta, l 265 Kuyenda mumsewu waukulu, km 150 Kuthamanga kwapakati, kg / cm2 0,69 Zrinyi-2   Zrinyi II Chaka chopanga 1943 Kulimbana ndi kulemera, t 21,5 Crew, anthu 4 Kutalika kwa thupi, mm 5500 Kutalika ndi mfuti patsogolo, mm 5900 Kutalika, mm 2890 Kutalika, mm 1900 Kusungitsa, mm   Thupi pamphumi 75 Hull bolodi 25 Tower pamphumi (wheelhouse) 13 Denga ndi pansi pa chombo   Armarm   Mfuti mtundu 40 / 43.M Caliber mu mm / mbiya kutalika mu calibers 105/20,5 Zipolopolo, zipolopolo 52 Nambala ndi mtundu (mu mm) wa mfuti zamakina - Anti-ndege mfuti - Zida zamfuti zamakina, makatiriji   Injini, mtundu, mtundu carb. Z-TURAN Mphamvu yamainjini, hp 260 Kuthamanga kwakukulu km / h 40 Kuchuluka kwamafuta, l 445 Kuyenda mumsewu waukulu, km 220 Kuthamanga kwapakati, kg / cm2 0,75 Chikopa ndi chassis cha thanki ndizofanana ndi zomwe zidachitika ku Sweden. Kokha gudumu loyendetsa ndilomwe linasinthidwa pang'ono. Injini ya Toldi idaperekedwa kuchokera ku Germany, komabe, komanso zida zowunikira. Nsanjayo inasintha pang'ono, makamaka, zikwapu m'mbali ndi mipata yowonera, komanso mfuti ndi mfuti zamakina. Mtsogoleriyo anali mu nsanja kumanja ndipo chikhomo cha mkulu wa asilikali chokhala ndi hatch ndi mipata isanu ndi iwiri yowonera ndi ma triplex anali okonzeka kwa iye. Wowomberayo adakhala kumanzere ndipo anali ndi chipangizo chowonera periscope. Dalaivalayo anali kumanzere kumanzere kwa chombocho ndipo malo ake antchito anali ndi kapu yamtundu wina yokhala ndi mipata iwiri yowonera. M'lifupi njanji anali 285 mm. Pamene utsogoleri wa General Staff inatembenukira ku mafakitale a Ganz ndi MAVAG, mikangano inabuka makamaka chifukwa cha mtengo wa thanki iliyonse. Ngakhale atalandira oda pa December 28, 1938, mafakitalewo anakana chifukwa cha mtengo wotsikirapo. Msonkhano wa asilikali ndi otsogolera mafakitale anasonkhana. Pomaliza, maphwando adagwirizana, ndipo lamulo lomaliza la akasinja 80, logawidwa mofanana pakati pa zomera, linaperekedwa mu February 1939. Fakitale ya Ganz idatulutsa mwachangu chitsulo chocheperako malinga ndi zojambula zomwe zidalandilidwa kuchokera ku IWT. Akasinja awiri oyamba kupanga adachoka pamalowo pa Epulo 13, 1940, ndipo omaliza mwa akasinja 80 pa Marichi 14, 1941. Akasinja aku Hungary 38M Toldi ndi matanki a CV-3/35 Zotsatira: M. B. Baryatinsky. Tanki ya Honvedsheg. (Zosonkhanitsa Zida No. 3 (60) - 2005); I.P. Shmelev. Magalimoto ankhondo a ku Hungary (1940-1945); Tibor Iván Berend, György Ránki: Kukula kwa makampani opanga zinthu ku Hungary, 1900-1944; Andrzej Zasieczny: Akasinja a Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse.